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Liu M, Wang S, Ge W, Bi W, Chen DDY. Influence of host-guest interactions on analytical performance of direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04539-4. [PMID: 36651975 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To systematically study the influence of host-guest interactions on the analytical performance of direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), the interactions between cyclodextrins (CDs) and different Sudan dyes were investigated. The results showed that the host-guest interaction between CDs and Sudan dyes did not affect qualitative analysis of the target compounds, but led to a lower signal intensity for Sudan dyes, thus affecting quantitative analysis of the target compounds. The stronger the host-guest interaction, the weaker the signal intensity of target compound on DART-MS. The results also show that both in solution and in solid-phase microextraction (SPME), the addition of organic solvents can weaken the host-guest interaction between CDs and Sudan dyes, thus improving the signal intensity in DART-MS. In SPME, adding organic solvents has a certain practical value and can improve the efficiency of Sudan dye analysis. This study suggests that appropriate sample pretreatment is needed to weaken noncovalent interactions prior to DART-MS analysis to obtain more accurate quantitative results. The data provide some insight into the effects of other noncovalent interactions on the efficiency of DART-MS as an analytical tool, as well as the potential to study intermolecular interactions with DART-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Simin Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wuxia Ge
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wentao Bi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - David Da Yong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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Xu L, Zhang K, Geng X, Li H, Chen DDY. High-resolution mass spectrometry exhalome profiling with a modified direct analysis in real time ion source. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9406. [PMID: 36169592 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Exhaled breath contains many substances that are closely related to human metabolism. Analysis of its composition is important for human health, but it is difficult. Since the volatile molecules in breath samples are exhaled instantaneously, easily diffused and modified, and at low level of presence, they are difficult to identify and quantify. METHODS A modified direct analysis in real time ion source was used for high-resolution mass spectrometry measurement of human metabolites in exhaled breath through online monitoring and offline analysis, in both positive and negative ion modes. The improved system enabled the breath volatiles as well as condensates to be directly sampled, rapidly transmitted and efficiently ionized in a confined region, and then detected using an Orbitrap mass analyzer. RESULTS The molecular features with online and offline analysis of exhaled breath were demonstrated with obvious differences. A total of about 65 metabolites in positive ion mode and about 55 metabolites in negative ion mode were identified based on accurate m/z values. Exhalome profile and the composition proportion of different classes of compounds were obtained. The relative contents of metabolites from breath varied during different time periods throughout a day. CONCLUSIONS A more complete picture of the human breath metabolome was provided combining the results obtained from both online and offline analysis. The developed method allows analysis of breath samples with different status rapidly and directly, and it features simple operation and metabolite identification, requiring little or no sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - David Da Yong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Mengers HG, Schier C, Zimmermann M, C. H. Gruhlke M, Block E, Blank LM, Slusarenko AJ. Seeing the smell of garlic: Detection of gas phase volatiles from crushed garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), ramsons (Allium ursinum) and human garlic breath using SESI-Orbitrap MS. Food Chem 2022; 397:133804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Geng X, Zhao Z, Li H, Chen DDY. Tee-Shaped Sample Introduction Device Coupled with Direct Analysis in Real-Time Mass Spectrometry for Gaseous Analytes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16813-16820. [PMID: 34825821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) is simple to operate for analytes adsorbed on the surface of various shaped probes. However, gaseous substances or liquids that are easy to evaporate, diffuse, and escape in the atmosphere are harder to capture. In this work, a Tee-shaped sample introduction device coupled with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) is developed. The Tee-shaped device is placed between the DART ion source and the MS inlet with a heated sample transfer tube. Gaseous samples from either a Tedlar sampling bag or liquids evaporated from a graduated syringe were tested. The Tee-shaped device was used for several volatile organic compounds with a wide range of boiling points, and detection limits of ng/mL to fg/mL were obtained. To test the device for real-life samples, puff-by-puff analysis of a complex gaseous mainstream smoke was performed. Individual puffs can be analyzed rapidly, and there is no cross contamination between consecutive puffs. The dynamic changes of chemical components among different puffs for different types of cigarettes can be observed. This work provides a universal Tee-shaped sampling device to enhance AIMS for the analysis of volatile compounds and gases, which is adapted to different sampling modules applicable for various forms of samples. The device enables direct exploration of chemical components in complex gaseous samples without tedious sample preparation and time-consuming LC or GC separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengyan Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - David Da Yong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Kloth R, Khanipour P, Mayrhofer KJJ, Katsounaros I. Implementation of an enclosed ionization interface for the analysis of liquid sample streams with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9091. [PMID: 33786897 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The development of an interface to analyze liquid sample streams with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) is of great interest for coupling various analytical techniques, using non-volatile salts, with MS. Therefore, we devised an enclosed ionization interface and a sample introduction system for the versatile analysis of liquid samples with DART-MS. METHODS The sample introduction system consists of a nebulizer, a spray chamber and a transfer line, while the confined ionization interface is created by implementing a cross-shaped housing between ion source outlet and mass spectrometer inlet. Methodical studies of the effects of various setup parameters on signal intensity and peak shape were conducted, while its diverse applicability was demonstrated by coupling with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the analysis of alcohols, organic acids and furanic compounds. RESULTS The confinement of the ionization interface results in a robust setup design with a well-defined ionization region for focusing of the sprayed sample mist. Thereby, an increase in analyte signal intensity by three orders of magnitude and improved signal stability and reproducibility were obtained in comparison with a similar open ionization interface configuration. Additionally, the successful quantification of alcohols could be demonstrated as well as the compatibility of the setup with HPLC gradient elution. CONCLUSIONS A versatile setup design for the analysis of liquid sample streams with DART-MS was devised for monitoring reactions or hyphenating analytics with MS. The design minimizes interferences from the laboratory surroundings as well as allows for safe handling of hazardous and toxic chemicals, which renders it suitable for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Kloth
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Peyman Khanipour
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Karl J J Mayrhofer
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Ioannis Katsounaros
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Egerlandstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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Meng X, Tang C, Zhang C, Li D, Xu W, Zhai Y. A "Brick" Mass Spectrometer with Photoionization for Direct Analysis of Trace Volatile Compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:961-968. [PMID: 32233377 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With high portability and favorable performance, miniature mass spectrometers have become one of the most attractive tools for on-site analysis of trace volatile compounds. Based on the "Brick" mass spectrometer (BMS) developed previously, a hand-held BMS integrated with a photoionization source (PI-BMS) was developed in this study for volatile compound analysis. With compact dimensions of 30 cm × 18.5 cm × 27.6 cm (length × width × height), the PI-BMS was equipped with a 10.6 eV UV lamp and capable of generating molecular ions. The capabilities of qualitative and quantitative analyses for different volatile samples were demonstrated and characterized. Under optimized conditions, high detection sensitivity in open air was obtained for the PI-BMS with a limit of detection (LOD) of ∼10 ppbv. As demonstrations of mixture analysis, four different fresh fruits were directly analyzed using PI-BMS, observing characteristic mass spectra for each type of fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Caowei Tang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changxin Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dayu Li
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanbing Zhai
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Sisco E, Staymates ME, Forbes TP. Optimization of confined direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Analyst 2020; 145:2743-2750. [PMID: 32090225 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) is seeing increased use in many fields, including forensic science, environmental monitoring, food safety, and healthcare. With increased use, novel configurations of the system have been created to either aid in detection of traditionally difficult compounds or surfaces, provide a more reproducible analysis, and/or chemically image surfaces. This work focuses on increasing the fundamental understanding of one configuration, where the DART ionization gas is confined in a junction, such as with thermal desorption (TD) DART-MS. Using five representative compounds and a suite of visualization tools, the role of the DART ionization gas, Vapur flow rate, gas back pressure, and exit grid voltage were examined to better understand both the chemical and physical processes occurring inside the confined configuration. The use of nitrogen as a DART ionization gas was found to be more beneficial than helium because of enhanced mixing with the analyte vapors, providing a more reproducible response. Lower Vapur flow rates were also found to be advantageous as they increased the analyte residence time in the junction, thus increasing the probability of its ionization. Operation at even lower Vapur flow rates was achieved by modifying the junction to restrict the DART gas flow. The DART exit grid voltage and gas back pressure had little observed impact on analyte response. These results provide the foundation to better understand and identify best practices for using a confined DART-MS configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Sisco
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA.
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Influence of Pickling Process on Allium cepa and Citrus limon Metabolome as Determined via Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050928. [PMID: 30866428 PMCID: PMC6429351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brine, the historically known food additive salt solution, has been widely used as a pickling media to preserve flavor or enhance food aroma, appearance, or other qualities. The influence of pickling, using brine, on the aroma compounds and the primary and secondary metabolite profile in onion bulb Allium cepa red cv. and lemon fruit Citrus limon was evaluated using multiplex metabolomics technologies. In lemon, pickling negatively affected its key odor compound “citral”, whereas monoterpene hydrocarbons limonene and γ-terpinene increased in the pickled product. Meanwhile, in onion sulphur rearrangement products appeared upon storage, i.e., 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane. Profiling of the polar secondary metabolites in lemon fruit via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to MS annotated 37 metabolites including 18 flavonoids, nine coumarins, five limonoids, and two organic acids. With regard to pickling impact, notable and clear separation among specimens was observed with an orthogonal projections to least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) score plot for the lemon fruit model showing an enrichment of limonoids and organic acids and that for fresh onion bulb showing an abundance of flavonols and saponins. In general, the pickling process appeared to negatively impact the abundance of secondary metabolites in both onion and lemon, suggesting a decrease in their food health benefits.
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Rahman MM, Jiang T, Tang Y, Xu W. A simple desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method for enhanced non-volatile sample analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1002:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Guo T, Yong W, Jin Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Wang S, Chen Q, Dong Y, Su H, Tan T. Applications of DART-MS for food quality and safety assurance in food supply chain. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2017; 36:161-187. [PMID: 25975720 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Direct analysis in real time (DART) represents a new generation of ion source which is used for rapid ionization of small molecules under ambient conditions. The combination of DART and various mass spectrometers allows analyzing multiple food samples with simple or no sample treatment, or in conjunction with prevailing protocolized sample preparation methods. Abundant applications by DART-MS have been reviewed in this paper. The DART-MS strategy applied to food supply chain (FSC), including production, processing, and storage and transportation, provides a comprehensive solution to various food components, contaminants, authenticity, and traceability. Additionally, typical applications available in food analysis by other ambient ionization mass spectrometers were summarized, and fundamentals mainly including mechanisms, devices, and parameters were discussed as well. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev. 36:161-187, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yong
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100123, P.R. China
| | - Yong Jin
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100123, P.R. China
| | - Liya Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Sai Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qilong Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yiyang Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Haijia Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Sisco E, Forbes TP, Staymates ME, Gillen G. Rapid Analysis of Trace Drugs and Metabolites Using a Thermal Desorption DART-MS Configuration. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2016; 8:6494-6499. [PMID: 28630654 PMCID: PMC5473286 DOI: 10.1039/c6ay01851c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The need to analyze trace narcotic samples rapidly for screening or confirmatory purposes is of increasing interest to the forensic, homeland security, and criminal justice sectors. This work presents a novel method for the detection and quantification of trace drugs and metabolites off of a swipe material using a thermal desorption direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (TD-DART-MS) configuration. A variation on traditional DART, this configuration allows for desorption of the sample into a confined tube, completely independent of the DART source, allowing for more efficient and thermally precise analysis of material present on a swipe. Over thirty trace samples of narcotics, metabolites, and cutting agents deposited onto swipes were rapidly differentiated using this methodology. The non-optimized method led to sensitivities ranging from single nanograms to hundreds of picograms. Direct comparison to traditional DART with a subset of the samples highlighted an improvement in sensitivity by a factor of twenty to thirty and an increase in reproducibility sample to sample from approximately 45 % RSD to less than 15 % RSD. Rapid extraction-less quantification was also possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Sisco
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Thomas P. Forbes
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Matthew E. Staymates
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Greg Gillen
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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Li Y, Mathews RA. In vivo real-time monitoring of aphrodisiac pheromone release of small white cabbage butterflies (Pieris rapae). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 91-92:107-112. [PMID: 27405008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of insect behavior is of practical importance for developing possible control methods in Integrated Pest Management. Currently, one model of butterfly mating behavior suggests that the initial location of potential mates occurs visually followed by the release of one or more short-range male aphrodisiac pheromones. This model is supported by data obtained from field observations and inferences based on the behavioral effects of chemicals extracted or isolated using indirect and offline techniques. In this study, we performed in vivo real-time monitoring of the male aphrodisiac pheromones released by the small white cabbage male butterfly (Pieris rapae Linnaeus) using confined direct analysis in real time (cDART) mass spectrometry. cDART is a new method easily adapted to the study in real time of chemicals released into the environment by virtually any insect. The major compound released by the male Pieris rapae was identified as ferrulactone. The experimental results reported here indicate that the release of ferrulactone occurs less than 1s after the male visualizes its partner, and reaches a maximum after about one half minute. This study is the first reported in vivo detection and monitoring of butterfly male aphrodisiac pheromones in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Robert A Mathews
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20013, USA.
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Kim HJ, Park SR, Jang YP. Extraction-free in situ derivatisation of timosaponin AIII using direct analysis in real time TOF/MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2014; 25:373-377. [PMID: 24307599 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Direct analysis in real time (DART) TOF/MS has been used for mass information of various non-polar phytochemicals in raw material with no sample preparation. However, low ionisation efficiency for polar compounds including glycosides limits its extensive use in the field of phytochemical analysis. OBJECTIVE In order to develop a direct analysis method for polar glycosides using in situ derivatisation, which improves ionisation efficiency of hydrophilic glycosides. METHOD Anemarrhena Rhizoma was used as a model plant targeting on Timosaponin AIII utilising a Dip-It module. Permethylation was applied to the powdered raw material with tetramethylammonium hydroxide in front of a DART ion source. Also, DART TOF/MS combined with permethylation was applied to timosaponin AIII standard solution to obtain the limit of detection (LOD). RESULTS In situ methylation of timosaponin AIII and Anemarrhena Rhizoma raw material were successfully used to ionise the glycoside. The LOD was found to be in the range of 2.4-4.8 ng for permethylated timosaponin AIII and this level is four times higher than the range of the underivatisation analysis. Direct analysis of permethylated timosaponin from Anemarrhena Rhizoma was also successfully performed. CONCLUSION A simple and quick derivatisation method with tetramethylammonium hydroxide was developed for the direct identification of a hydrophilic saponin from the plant tissue. Better ionisation efficiency conferred by in situ permethylation enabled ionisation of whole molecules of timosaponin AIII from the plant tissue. This simple analytical method will provide a solution to reduce tedious sample preparation steps, not only for non-polar but also hydrophilic natural products directly from the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Kim
- Division of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea
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Nicolaï BM, Defraeye T, De Ketelaere B, Herremans E, Hertog MLATM, Saeys W, Torricelli A, Vandendriessche T, Verboven P. Nondestructive measurement of fruit and vegetable quality. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2014; 5:285-312. [PMID: 24387604 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-030713-092410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We review nondestructive techniques for measuring internal and external quality attributes of fruit and vegetables, such as color, size and shape, flavor, texture, and absence of defects. The different techniques are organized according to their physical measurement principle. We first describe each technique and then list some examples. As many of these techniques rely on mathematical models and particular data processing methods, we discuss these where needed. We pay particular attention to techniques that can be implemented online in grading lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart M Nicolaï
- BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; , , , , , , ,
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Fukuda E, Uesawa Y, Baba M, Okada Y. Application of Mixture Analysis to Crude Materials from Natural Resources (IV)[1(a-c)]: Identification of Glycyrrhiza Species by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (II). Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to identify Glycyrrhiza species by chemical fingerprinting, the bark of the roots and stolons of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer and G. glabra Linné were analyzed using DART (Direct Analysis in Real Time)-MS. The characteristic peaks of each species were determined statistically by volcano plot. This summarizes the relationship between the p-values of a statistical test and the magnitude of the difference in values of the samples in the groups. In this experiment, peaks that had a p value <0.05 in the t test and ≥2 absolute difference were defined as characteristic. As a result, characteristic peaks of G. uralensis were found at m/z 299, 315, 341, and 369. In contrast, characteristic peaks of G. glabra were found at m/z 323, 325, 337, 339, and 391. In conclusion, we found several characteristic peaks to distinguish G. uralensis and G. glabra by DART-MS using volcano plot. This method can be applied to identify the Glycyrrhiza species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Fukuda
- Department of Natural Medicine and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Uesawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204–8588, Japan
| | - Masaki Baba
- Department of Natural Medicine and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Okada
- Department of Natural Medicine and Phytochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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16
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Monge ME, Harris GA, Dwivedi P, Fernández FM. Mass Spectrometry: Recent Advances in Direct Open Air Surface Sampling/Ionization. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2269-308. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300309q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Monge
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
| | - Glenn A. Harris
- Department
of Biochemistry and
the Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Prabha Dwivedi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332,
United States
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17
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Chang C, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Han Y, Bai Y, Zhao M, Liu H. Normal phase LC coupled with direct analysis in real time MS for the chiral analysis of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and jasmonic acid. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3387-93. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuilan Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Zhigui Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Youyou Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Yehua Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Meiping Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University; Beijing; P. R. China
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