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Tiwari M, Ramachandran C. Clustering of Auro-acetylenes via C-Au… π Interactions: Gold-Hydrogen Analogy. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Studies of AuC n−/0 (n=3-8): Odd-Even Alternation in Electron Binding Energies and Structures. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2112267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Mandal G, Vaňhara P, Havel J. Laser ablation synthesis of carbon-phosphides from graphene/nanodiamond-phosphorus composite precursors: Laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:520-526. [PMID: 30604469 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Carbon-phosphides are new and promising strategic materials with applications e.g. in optoelectronics. However, their chemistry and methods of synthesis are not completely understood, and only a limited number of C-P clusters have been detected up to now. Laser ablation synthesis (LAS) or laser desorption ionisation (LDI) has great potential to generate Cm Pn clusters in the gas phase and to act as the basis for the development of new technology. METHODS The LAS of carbon phosphides using mixtures of nano-carbon sources (graphene, nanodiamonds) with phosphorus allotropes (red, black, and phosphorene) was examined. Since phosphorene is not commercially available, it was synthesised. A reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used to produce and identify the C-P clusters. A transmission electron microscope was used to characterise the prepared composites. RESULTS LDI of various carbon-phosphorus composites generated a range of carbon-phosphides. From graphene-red phosphorus, Cm P+ (m = 3-47), Cm P2 + (m = 2-44), Cm P3 + (m = 1-42), Cm P4 + (m = 1-39), Cm P5 + (m = 1-37), Cm P6 + (m = 1-34), Cm P7 + (m = 1-31), Cm P8 + (m = 1-29), Cm P9 + (m = 1-26), Cm P10 + (m = 1-24), Cm P11 + (m = 1-21), and Cm P12 + (m = 1-19) clusters were detected, while nanodiamond composites with red/black phosphorus and with phosphorene yielded C24 P5 + 2n + (n = 0-28), C24 P5 + 2n + (n = 0-16), and C24 P5 + 2n + (n = 0-14) clusters, respectively. In total, over 300 new carbon-phosphide clusters were generated. CONCLUSIONS The novel series of carbon-phosphide clusters generated from graphene or nanodiamond composites with red/black phosphorus or with phosphorene demonstrated rich carbon-phosphide chemistry that might inspire the development of novel nano-materials with specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, A14/326-Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, A14/326-Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
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Kolářová L, Prokeš L, Kučera L, Hampl A, Peňa-Méndez E, Vaňhara P, Havel J. Clusters of Monoisotopic Elements for Calibration in (TOF) Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:419-427. [PMID: 27995502 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Precise calibration in TOF MS requires suitable and reliable standards, which are not always available for high masses. We evaluated inorganic clusters of the monoisotopic elements gold and phosphorus (Au n+/Au n- and P n+/P n-) as an alternative to peptides or proteins for the external and internal calibration of mass spectra in various experimental and instrumental scenarios. Monoisotopic gold or phosphorus clusters can be easily generated in situ from suitable precursors by laser desorption/ionization (LDI) or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). Their use offers numerous advantages, including simplicity of preparation, biological inertness, and exact mass determination even at lower mass resolution. We used citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles to generate gold calibration clusters, and red phosphorus powder to generate phosphorus clusters. Both elements can be added to samples to perform internal calibration up to mass-to-charge (m/z) 10-15,000 without significantly interfering with the analyte. We demonstrated the use of the gold and phosphorous clusters in the MS analysis of complex biological samples, including microbial standards and total extracts of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We believe that clusters of monoisotopic elements could be used as generally applicable calibrants for complex biological samples. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kolářová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Prokeš
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kučera
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eladia Peňa-Méndez
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Prokeš L, Kubáček P, Peña-Méndez EM, Amato F, Conde JE, Alberti M, Havel J. Laser Ablation Synthesis of Gold Selenides by using a Mass Spectrometer as a Synthesizer: Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Chemistry 2016; 22:11261-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lubomír Prokeš
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kamenice 5A14 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- CEPLANT, R&D Center for Low-Cost Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáček
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kamenice 5A14 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Eladia Maria Peña-Méndez
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of La Laguna, Campus de Anchieta; 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife Spain
| | - Filippo Amato
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kamenice 5A14 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - José Elias Conde
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; University of La Laguna, Campus de Anchieta; 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife Spain
| | - Milan Alberti
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kamenice 5A14 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Electronics; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
- CEPLANT, R&D Center for Low-Cost Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kamenice 5A14 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Electronics; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
- CEPLANT, R&D Center for Low-Cost Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications; Masaryk University; Kotlářská 2 611 37 Brno Czech Republic
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Mawale RM, Alberti M, Zhang B, Fraenkl M, Wagner T, Havel J. Structural elucidation of AgAsS2 glass by the analysis of clusters formed during laser desorption ionisation applying quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:594-602. [PMID: 26842581 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The structure of AgA(s)S2 glass, which has a broad range of applications, is still not well understood and a systematic mass spectrometric analysis of AgA(s)S2 glass is currently not available. Elucidation of the structure should help in the development of this material. METHODS The AgA(s)S2 glass was prepared by the melt-quenched technique. Laser desorption ionisation (LDI) using quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QIT-TOFMS) was used to follow the generation of Ag(m)As(n)S(x) clusters. The stoichiometry of the clusters generated was determined via collision-induced dissociation (CID) and modelling of isotopic patterns. The AgA(s)S2 glass was characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. RESULTS The LDI of AgA(s)S2 glass leads to the formation of unary (Ag+/− and As(3+)) species, 38 binary (As(n)S(x), Ag(m)S(x)), and 98 ternary (Ag(m)As(n)S(x)) singly charged clusters. The formation of silver-rich nano-grains during AgA(s)S2 glass synthesis has been identified using TEM analysis and also verified by QIT-TOFMS. CONCLUSIONS TOFMS was shown to be a useful technique to study the generation of Ag(m)As(n)S(x )clusters. SEM, TEM and EDX analysis proved that the structure of AgA(s)S2 glass is ‘grain-like’ where grains are either: (1) Silver-rich ‘islands’ (Ag(m,) m up to 39) connected by arsenic and/or sulfur or arsenic sulfide chains or (2) silver sulfide (Ag2S)m (m = 9-20) clusters also similarly inter-connected. This obtained structural information may be useful for the development of ultra-high-density phase-change storage and memory devices using this kind of glass as a base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Madhukar Mawale
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Alberti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Max Fraenkl
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Wagner
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, Pardubice, 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEPLANT, R&D Centre for low-cost plasma and nanotechnology surface modifications, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
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Meng JH, Liu QY, He SG. Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopy of AuC3H– Anions: Four Isomers. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11265-70. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Heng Meng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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Štěpánová V, Prokeš L, Slavíček P, Alberti M, Havel J. Laser ablation generation of clusters from As-Te mixtures, As-Te glass nano-layers and from Au-As-Te nano-composites. Quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:1000-1008. [PMID: 26044266 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Arsenic tellurides have found important applications in various fields of science, but only a few gold-arsenic tellurides have been reported. Laser ablation synthesis (LAS), a suitable method for the generation of new compounds, has been used to generate clusters from As-Te mixtures, an As-Te glass and Au-As-Te nano-composites. METHODS Chalcogenide glass nano-layers prepared via Physical Vapour Deposition - thermal evaporation were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). LAS with laser desorption ionisation quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI QIT TOFMS) was used for the generation and analysis of new AuxAsmTen clusters. The stoichiometry of the clusters was determined via isotopic envelope modelling. RESULTS A simple procedure for the preparation of the Au-As-Te nano-composite was developed. From As-Te mixtures only five binary AsmTen clusters were generated, while from a glass layer 10 binary AsmTen clusters were identified, because during the deposition of the glass the elements reacted with each other to form a complex three-dimensional (3D) structure. Using LAS on the Au-As-Te nano-composite leads to the formation of six unary Ten (n = 1-6), 16 binary (AsmTen and AuxTen), and 31 ternary AuxAsmTen clusters. CONCLUSIONS LAS was demonstrated to be a useful technique for the generation of AuxAsmTen clusters in the gas phase. More AsmTen clusters were generated from the deposited glass layers than from As-Te mixtures. Most of the ternary AuxAsmTen clusters generated from the nano-composite are reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlasta Štěpánová
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Prokeš
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEPLANT, R&D Centre for Low-Cost Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Slavíček
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Alberti
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEPLANT, R&D Centre for Low-Cost Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
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Maechler L, Fillipov I, Derrick PJ. Unveiling the intricacies of the curved-field ion mirror. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2015; 21:115-123. [PMID: 26307692 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometry, non-linear ion mirrors, i.e. mirrors that produce a non-linear potential in which the ions fly, can focus ions exhibiting a very broad kinetic energy distribution. Besides the quadratic potential, the so-called curved field has been used in mirrors as a non-linear potential over the past 20 years. The curved field has, however, only been loosely defined. The focusing properties of the curved field appear to have never been mathematically investigated and explained. In this work, we put forward a rigid definition of the curved field and investigate the properties of it in terms of focusing and transmission. This rigid definition shows the curved field as a two-parameter function for a given mirror length and maximum potential, which can be optimized in terms of ToF distribution/resolution. Such an optimization was performed in one- dimension (1D) by solving the ToF integral equation numerically. The characteristics of optimized configurations arrived at through a comparison with mirrors with polynomial distance-potential relationships are assessed. These optimised solutions cannot be approximated in 1D by a common set of polynomial terms. There are optimised configurations affording ideal energy focussing, but on closer inspection, these potential distributions are found to be, in fact, quadratic potentials. There are other optimised solutions that afford good energy focussing in cases of there being significant field-free regions between the source/detector and the entrance to the mirror. Some of these configurations are approximated by a linear plus a quadratic term, others need higher-order terms to be approximated. To facilitate 3D investigation, the optimised solutions in 1D were used to set the initial voltages on electrodes in a rotationally symmetric mirror, which was modelled with the computer package SIMION 8.0. The SIMION ion-flight simulations revealed that the other optimised solutions with higher-order terms have the disadvantage of lowering the transmittance. That is to say, in 3D the configurations of the curved field, which give good resolution and transmittance with field- free regions between source/detector and mirror, can all be approximated by a potential consisting of a linear plus a quadratic term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Maechler
- Ion Innovations Laboratory and Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Igor Fillipov
- Ion Innovations Laboratory and Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Peter J Derrick
- Io n Innovations Laboratory and Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Mawale RM, Amato F, Alberti M, Havel J. Generation of new Agm Ten clusters via laser ablation synthesis using Ag-Te nano-composite as precursor. Quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:2753-2758. [PMID: 25380498 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Silver tellurides find applications in the development of infrared detection, imaging, magnetics, sensors, memory devices, and optic materials. However, only a limited number of silver tellurides have been described to date. Laser ablation synthesis (LAS) was selected to generate new Ag-Te clusters. METHODS Isothermal adsorption was used to study the formation of silver nano-particles-tellurium aggregates. Laser desorption ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-QIT-TOFMS) was used for the generation and analysis of Agm Ten clusters. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to visualize the structure of materials. The stoichiometry of the generated clusters was determined by computer modeling of isotopic patterns. RESULTS A simple, one-pot method for the preparation of Ag-Te nano-composite was developed and found suitable for LAS of silver tellurides. The LDI of Ag-Te nano-composite leads to the formation of 11 unary and 52 binary clusters. The stoichiometry of the 34 novel Agm Ten clusters is reported here for the first time. CONCLUSIONS LAS with TOFMS detection was proven to be a powerful technique for the generation of silver telluride clusters. Knowledge of the stoichiometry of the generated clusters might facilitate the further development of novel high-tech silver tellurium nano-materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Madhukar Mawale
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Mawale RM, Amato F, Alberti M, Havel J. Generation of Au(p)Ag(q)Te(r) clusters via laser ablation synthesis using Au-Ag-Te nano-composite as precursor: quadrupole ion-trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:1601-1608. [PMID: 24895257 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Metal tellurides have applications in various fields of science and technology but only a few gold-silver tellurides have been reported. The laser ablation synthesis (LAS) method allows the preparation of nano-materials from solid substrates. Therefore, this method was selected to synthesise some gold-silver tellurides. METHODS Laser desorption ionisation quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI QIT TOF MS) was used for the generation of new Au(p)Ag(q)Te(r) clusters. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterise the materials. The stoichiometry of the clusters generated was determined via collision-induced dissociation (CID) and modeling of isotopic patterns. RESULTS Chemisorption of gold and silver nano-particles on tellurium powder led to the formation of a new kind of Au-Ag-Te nano-composite. The LDI of this nano-composite yielded nine unary (Ag(q), Te(r)), 40 binary (Au(p)Te(r) and Ag(p)Te(r)) and 78 ternary clusters. The stoichiometry of these novel Au(p)Ag(q)Te(r) clusters is reported here for the first time. CONCLUSIONS The new Au-Ag-Te nano-composite was found to be a more suitable precursor for the generation of clusters than the mixtures of the elements. TOF MS was shown to be a useful technique for following the generation of gold-silver tellurides. Knowledge of the cluster stoichiometry could accelerate the further development of novel high-tech materials such as chalcogenide glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Madhukar Mawale
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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