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Fallucca A, Immordino P, Ferro P, Mazzeo L, Petta S, Maiorana A, Maranto M, Casuccio A, Restivo V. Attitude to Co-Administration of Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccines among Pregnant Women Exploring the Health Action Process Approach Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:470. [PMID: 38793721 PMCID: PMC11125974 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory tract diseases caused by influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 can represent a serious threat to the health of pregnant women. Immunological remodulation for fetus tolerance and physiological changes in the gestational chamber expose both mother and child to fearful complications and a high risk of hospitalization. Vaccines to protect pregnant women from influenza and COVID-19 are strongly recommended and vaccine co-administration could be advantageous to increase coverage of both vaccines. The attitude to accept both vaccines is affected by several factors: social, cultural, and cognitive-behavioral. In Palermo, Italy, during the 2021-2022 influenza season, a cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate pregnant women's intention to adhere to co-administration of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. The determinants of vaccination attitude were investigated through the administration of a questionnaire and the Health Action Process Approach theory was adopted to explore the cognitive behavioral aspects. Overall, 120 pregnant women were enrolled; mean age 32 years, 98.2% (n = 118) of Italian nationality and 25.2% (n = 30) with obstetric or pathological conditions of pregnancy at risk. Factors significantly associated with the attitude to co-administration of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines among pregnant women were: high level of education (OR = 13.96; p < 0.001), positive outcome expectations (OR = 2.84; p < 0.001), and self-efficacy (OR = 3.1; p < 0.001). Effective strategies to promote the co-administration of the influenza vaccine and the COVID-19 vaccine should be based on the communication of the benefits and positive outcomes of vaccine co-administration and on the adequate information of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Fallucca
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (P.I.); (P.F.); (L.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Palmira Immordino
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (P.I.); (P.F.); (L.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Patrizia Ferro
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (P.I.); (P.F.); (L.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Luca Mazzeo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (P.I.); (P.F.); (L.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Sefora Petta
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (P.I.); (P.F.); (L.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Maiorana
- HCU Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ARNAS Civico Di Cristina—Benfratelli Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marianna Maranto
- HCU Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ARNAS Civico Di Cristina—Benfratelli Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (P.I.); (P.F.); (L.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
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Influenza Virus Infection during Pregnancy as a Trigger of Acute and Chronic Complications. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122729. [PMID: 36560733 PMCID: PMC9786233 DOI: 10.3390/v14122729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy disrupts maternal and fetal health through biological mechanisms, which are to date poorly characterised. During pregnancy, the viral clearance mechanisms from the lung are sub-optimal and involve hyperactive innate and adaptive immune responses that generate wide-spread inflammation. Pregnancy-related adaptations of the immune and the cardiovascular systems appear to result in delayed recovery post-viral infection, which in turn promotes a prolonged inflammatory phenotype, increasing disease severity, and causing maternal and fetal health problems. This has immediate and long-term consequences for the mother and fetus, with complications including acute cardiopulmonary distress syndrome in the mother that lead to perinatal complications such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and birth defects; cleft lip, cleft palate, neural tube defects and congenital heart defects. In addition, an increased risk of long-term neurological disorders including schizophrenia in the offspring is reported. In this review we discuss the pathophysiology of IAV infection during pregnancy and its striking similarity to other well-established complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia. We discuss general features of vascular disease with a focus on vascular inflammation and define the "Vascular Storm" that is triggered by influenza infection during pregnancy, as a pivotal disease mechanism for short and long term cardiovascular complications.
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Cortés-Lavaud X, Landecho MF, Maicas M, Urquiza L, Merino J, Moreno-Miralles I, Odero MD. GATA2 germline mutations impair GATA2 transcription, causing haploinsufficiency: functional analysis of the p.Arg396Gln mutation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:2190-8. [PMID: 25624456 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Germline GATA2 mutations have been identified as the cause of familial syndromes with immunodeficiency and predisposition to myeloid malignancies. GATA2 mutations appear to cause loss of function of the mutated allele leading to haploinsufficiency; however, this postulate has not been experimentally validated as the basis of these syndromes. We hypothesized that mutations that are translated into abnormal proteins could affect the transcription of GATA2, triggering GATA2 deficiency. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays showed that the human GATA2 protein activates its own transcription through a specific region located at -2.4 kb, whereas the p.Thr354Met, p.Thr355del, and p.Arg396Gln germline mutations impair GATA2 promoter activation. Accordingly, GATA2 expression was decreased to ∼58% in a patient with p.Arg396Gln, compared with controls. p.Arg396Gln is the second most common mutation in these syndromes, and no previous functional analyses have been performed. We therefore analyzed p.Arg396Gln. Our data show that p.Arg396Gln is a loss-of-function mutation affecting DNA-binding ability and, as a consequence, it fails to maintain the immature characteristics of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which could result in defects in this cell compartment. In conclusion, we show that human GATA2 binds to its own promoter, activating its transcription, and that the aforementioned mutations impair the transcription of GATA2. Our results indicate that they can affect other GATA2 target genes, which could partially explain the variability of symptoms in these diseases. Moreover, we show that p.Arg396Gln is a loss-of-function mutation, which is unable to retain the progenitor phenotype in cells where it is expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Cortés-Lavaud
- Hematology/Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain;
| | - Manuel F Landecho
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinic of Navarra, Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; and
| | - Miren Maicas
- Hematology/Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Leire Urquiza
- Hematology/Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Juana Merino
- Department of Immunology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Isabel Moreno-Miralles
- Hematology/Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - María D Odero
- Hematology/Oncology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
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Memoli MJ, Harvey H, Morens DM, Taubenberger JK. Influenza in pregnancy. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2012; 7:1033-9. [PMID: 23170853 PMCID: PMC3582707 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Please cite this paper as: Memoli et al. (2012) Influenza in pregnancy. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 00(00), 000–000. The 2009 pandemic served as a strong reminder that influenza‐induced disease can have a great impact on certain at‐risk populations and that pregnant women are one such important population. The increased risk of fatal and severe disease in these women was appreciated more than 500 years ago, and during the last century, pregnant women and their newborns have continued to be greatly affected by both seasonal and pandemic influenza. In this review, we briefly discuss the data collected both before and after the 2009 pandemic as it relates to the impact of influenza on pregnant women and their fetuses/newborns, as well as risk variables, clinical features, clues to pathophysiologic mechanisms, and approaches to treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Memoli
- Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthOffice of the Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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