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Dahiya A, Agrawala PK, Dutta A. Mitigative and anti-inflammatory effects of Trichostatin A against radiation-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and gut microbiota alteration in mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1865-1878. [PMID: 37531370 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2242929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury (RIGI) is a serious side effect of abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy, which often limits the treatment of gastrointestinal and gynaecological cancers. RIGI is also observed during accidental radiological or nuclear scenarios with no approved agents available till date to prevent or mitigate RIGI in humans. Trichostatin A (TSA), an epigenetic modulator, has been currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment and is also well known for its antibiotic and antifungal properties. METHODS In this study, partial body (abdominal) irradiation mice model was used to investigate the mitigative effect of TSA against gastrointestinal toxicity caused by gamma radiation. Mice were checked for alterations in mean body weight, diarrheal incidence, disease activity index and survival against 15 Gy radiation. Structural abnormalities in intestine and changes in microbiota composition were studied by histopathology and 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples respectively. Immunoblotting and biochemical assays were performed to check protein nitrosylation, expression of inflammatory mediators, infiltration of inflammatory cells and changes in pro-inflammatory cytokine. RESULTS TSA administration to C57Bl/6 mice improved radiation induced mean body weight loss, maintained better health score, reduced disease activity index and promoted survival. The 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal DNA demonstrated that TSA influenced the fecal microbiota dynamics with significant alterations in the Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio. TSA effectively mitigated intestinal injury, down-regulated NF-κB, Cox-2, iNOS expression, inhibited PGE2 and protein nitrosylation levels in irradiated intestine. The upregulation of NLRP3-inflammasome complex and infiltrations of inflammatory cells in the inflamed intestine were also prevented by TSA. Subsequently, the myeloperoxidase activity in intestine alongwith serum IL-18 levels was found reduced. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that TSA inhibits inflammatory mediators, alleviates gut dysbiosis, and promotes structural restoration of the irradiated intestine. TSA, therefore, can be considered as a potential agent for mitigation of RIGI in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshu Dahiya
- CBRN Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), India
| | - Paban K Agrawala
- CBRN Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), India
| | - Ajaswrata Dutta
- CBRN Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), India
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Ahmed I, Verma A, Umar S, Papineni RVL. 2-deoxy-D-glucose mitigates Citrobacter rodentium and dibenzazepine-induced gastrointestinal damage and colitis: novel implications of 2-DG polypharmacopea. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:681-691. [PMID: 35946994 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Citrobacter rodentium (CR) infection coupled with blocking Notch/Wnt signaling via γ-secretase inhibitor dibenzazepine (DBZ) disrupts the gastro-intestinal (GI) barrier and induces colitis, akin to ionizing radiation (IR)-induced GI-injury. We investigated the effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) to ameliorate the CR-DBZ-induced GI damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS NIH:Swiss outbred mice were inoculated with 109CFUs of CR orally. DBZ was administered intraperitoneally (10 μM/kg b.wt; for 10 days 2 days post-CR infection). Mice were fed with 0.4% 2-DG (w/v) daily in drinking water. For microbiota depletion, antibiotics (Abx), 1 g/l metronidazole, and 0.2 g/l ciprofloxacin were administered for 10 days in drinking water. Oxidative stress, survival assay, colonic crypt hyperplasia, Notch/Wnt downstream signaling, immunomodulation, and bacterial dysbiosis were measured. RESULTS We show that real-time visualization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is similar during CR-induced colonic infection and IR-induced GI-damage. The histology revealed that dietary 2-DG mitigates CR + DBZ-induced colitis and improves survival compared with CR + DBZ alone. These changes were phenocopied in Abx-treated mice. Both 2-DG and Abx reduced dysbiosis, increased proliferation, inhibited pro-inflammatory response, and restored Hes-1 and β-catenin protein levels, in the crypts. CONCLUSION The energy disruptor 2-DG mitigates bacterial infection and its responsive hyperplasia/colitis, indicating its utility as a mitigator of infection/IR-induced GI-damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas, Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas, Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Rao V L Papineni
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas, Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- PACT & Health LLC, Branford, CT, USA
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Social Hierarchy Dictates Intestinal Radiation Injury in a Gut Microbiota-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113189. [PMID: 36361976 PMCID: PMC9659279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Social hierarchy governs the physiological and biochemical behaviors of animals. Intestinal radiation injuries are common complications connected with radiotherapy. However, it remains unclear whether social hierarchy impacts the development of radiation-induced intestinal toxicity. Dominant mice exhibited more serious intestinal toxicity following total abdominal irradiation compared with their subordinate counterparts, as judged by higher inflammatory status and lower epithelial integrity. Radiation-elicited changes in gut microbiota varied between dominant and subordinate mice, being more overt in mice of higher status. Deletion of gut microbes by using an antibiotic cocktail or restructuring of the gut microecology of dominant mice by using fecal microbiome from their subordinate companions erased the difference in radiogenic intestinal injuries. Lactobacillus murinus and Akkermansia muciniphila were both found to be potential probiotics for use against radiation toxicity in mouse models without social hierarchy. However, only Akkermansia muciniphila showed stable colonization in the digestive tracts of dominant mice, and significantly mitigated their intestinal radiation injuries. Our findings demonstrate that social hierarchy impacts the development of radiation-induced intestinal injuries, in a manner dependent on gut microbiota. The results also suggest that the gut microhabitats of hosts determine the colonization and efficacy of foreign probiotics. Thus, screening suitable microbial preparations based on the gut microecology of patients might be necessary in clinical application.
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Rogers CJ, Kyubwa EM, Lukaszewicz AI, Yamada-Hanff J, Starbird MA, Miller TA, Phelps AA, Wallack S, Mahendra S, Thrall K, Menon N. Identification of miRNA Associated with Reduced Survival after Whole-Thorax Lung Irradiation in Non-Human Primates. Radiat Res 2021; 196:510-522. [PMID: 33857299 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00031.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic exposure to ionizing radiation can lead to delayed injuries to the heart and lung that are serious and even life-threatening. These injuries are difficult to predict since they manifest over many weeks and months. To identify noninvasive, tissue-specific biomarkers for the early detection of late radiation injury, circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels were measured in non-human primates (NHP, Macaca mulatta) that received a single exposure of whole-thorax lung irradiation (WTLI) at a dose likely to result in 20% or 75% mortality within 180 days (9.8 or 10.7 Gy). Animals were observed for 270 days after WTLI. Approximately 58% of 9.8 Gy WTLI animals (7 of 12) and 94% of 10.7 Gy WTLI animals (15 out of 16) did not survive to the primary end point. Evidence of pulmonary fibrosis/pneumonitis was observed in all animals. Animals that received 10.7 Gy WTLI experienced more severe and early-onset pneumonitis, as indicated by reduced aerated lung volume, high non-sedated respiratory rate, earlier and more frequent dexamethasone treatments, and evidence of onset of heart disease. Radiation-induced changes in the circulating miRNA profile were most prominent within the first 30 days postirradiation, before the manifestation of symptoms, and included miRNA sequences known to regulate pathways associated with pulmonary fibrosis (TGF-β/SMAD signaling) and pneumonitis/inflammation (p53 signaling). The abundance of several circulating miRNA differentially expressed at day 6 or 15, such as miR-199a-3p and miR-25-3p, correlated with statistically significant differences in survival. This study supports the hypothesis that it is feasible to use plasma miRNA profiles to identify individuals at high risk of organ-specific late radiation injury. These miRNA profiles could improve radiation oncology clinical practice and serve as biomarkers to predict who might develop late complications in the aftermath of a radiological or nuclear (RAD-NUC) incident.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Seth Wallack
- Veterinary Imaging Center of San Diego, San Diego, California 92111
| | | | - Karla Thrall
- Altasciences Preclinical Seattle LLC, Everett, Washington 98203
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Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Aminothiol Compound as Potential Radioprotector. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4714649. [PMID: 34471464 PMCID: PMC8405339 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4714649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The risk of radiation damage has increased with the rapid development of nuclear technology and radiotherapy. Hence, research on radioprotective agents is of utmost importance. In the present study, a novel aminothiol compound 12, containing a linear alkylamino backbone and three terminal thiols, was synthesized. Owing to the appropriate capped groups in the chains, it has an improved permeability and oral bioavailability compared to other radioprotective agents. Oral administration of compound 12 improved the survival of mice that received lethal doses of γ-irradiation. Experimental results demonstrated that compound 12 not only mitigated total body irradiation-induced hematopoietic injury by increasing the frequencies of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells but also prevented abdominal irradiation-induced intestinal injury by increasing the survival of Lgr5+ intestinal cells, lysozyme+ Paneth cells, and Ki67+ cells. In addition, compound 12 decreased oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 and downregulating the expression of NOX1. Further, compound 12 inhibited γ-irradiation-induced DNA damage and alleviated G2/M phase arrest. Moreover, compound 12 decreased the levels of p53 and Bax and increased the level of Bcl-2, demonstrating that it may suppress radiation-induced apoptosis via the p53 pathway. These results indicate that compound 12 has the possibility of preventing radiation injury and can be a potential radioprotector for clinical applications.
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Micewicz ED, Damoiseaux RD, Deng G, Gomez A, Iwamoto KS, Jung ME, Nguyen C, Norris AJ, Ratikan JA, Ruchala P, Sayre JW, Schaue D, Whitelegge JP, McBride WH. Classes of Drugs that Mitigate Radiation Syndromes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:666776. [PMID: 34084139 PMCID: PMC8167044 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.666776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported several vignettes on types and classes of drugs able to mitigate acute and, in at least one case, late radiation syndromes in mice. Most of these had emerged from high throughput screening (HTS) of bioactive and chemical drug libraries using ionizing radiation-induced lymphocytic apoptosis as a readout. Here we report the full analysis of the HTS screen of libraries with 85,000 small molecule chemicals that identified 220 "hits." Most of these hits could be allocated by maximal common substructure analysis to one of 11 clusters each containing at least three active compounds. Further screening validated 23 compounds as being most active; 15 of these were cherry-picked based on drug availability and tested for their ability to mitigate acute hematopoietic radiation syndrome (H-ARS) in mice. Of these, five bore a 4-nitrophenylsulfonamide motif while 4 had a quinoline scaffold. All but two of the 15 significantly (p < 0.05) mitigated H-ARS in mice. We had previously reported that the lead 4-(nitrophenylsulfonyl)-4-phenylpiperazine compound (NPSP512), was active in mitigating multiple acute and late radiation syndromes in mice of more than one sex and strain. Unfortunately, the formulation of this drug had to be changed for regulatory reasons and we report here on the synthesis and testing of active analogs of NPSP512 (QS1 and 52A1) that have increased solubility in water and in vivo bioavailability while retaining mitigator activity against H-ARS (p < 0.0001) and other radiation syndromes. The lead quinoline 057 was also active in multiple murine models of radiation damage. Taken together, HTS of a total of 150,000 bioactive or chemical substances, combined with maximal common substructure analysis has resulted in the discovery of diverse groups of compounds that can mitigate H-ARS and at least some of which can mitigate multiple radiation syndromes when given starting 24 h after exposure. We discuss what is known about how these agents might work, and the importance of formulation and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa D. Micewicz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Robert D. Damoiseaux
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Adrian Gomez
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Keisuke S. Iwamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael E. Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christine Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Josephine A. Ratikan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Piotr Ruchala
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James W. Sayre
- Department of Biostatistics and Radiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dörthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julian P. Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - William H. McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Tanigawa K. Case review of severe acute radiation syndrome from whole body exposure: concepts of radiation-induced multi-organ dysfunction and failure. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:i15-i20. [PMID: 33978174 PMCID: PMC8114211 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) due to whole body exposure (WBE) presents various clinical pictures, occasionally leading to fatal consequences. In this report, the literature providing details of the clinical course of severe ARS owing to WBE is reviewed and the lessons learned from recent accidents are discussed, to better prepare for another radiological event. Studies investigating radiological accidents that provided details of medical care for severe ARS were searched in official reports from the International Atomic Energy Agency and through the databases of PubMed, Medline, CiNii and Google Scholar and reviewed. Four fatal cases of severe ARS due to WBE in Soreq 1990 and Nesvizh 1992, and two cases in JCO Tokaimura 1999 were reviewed. A common set of medical interventions was carried out, that put a focus on medical management assuming the occurrence of hematopoietic disorders. However, clinicians were faced with a mixture of chronic hematological and non-hematological events including persistent gastrointestinal disorders, gradual and progressive skin disorders, liver and renal dysfunction and respiratory failure. Clinical pictures following high-dose WBE have become more complicated as treatment modalities improve. To address these issues, a concept of severe ARS due to WBE has been proposed with respect to radiation-induced multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (RI-MODS) and failure (RI-MOF). These patients need to be managed at institutions where multidisciplinary, resource-intensive therapy can be provided.
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Bhat K, Medina P, He L, Zhang L, Saki M, Ioannidis A, Nguyen NT, Sodhi SS, Sung D, Magyar CE, Liau LM, Kornblum HI, Pajonk F. 1-[(4-Nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine treatment after brain irradiation preserves cognitive function in mice. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:1484-1494. [PMID: 32291451 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal tissue toxicity is an inevitable consequence of primary or secondary brain tumor radiotherapy. Cranial irradiation commonly leads to neurocognitive deficits that manifest months or years after treatment. Mechanistically, radiation-induced loss of neural stem/progenitor cells, neuroinflammation, and demyelination are contributing factors that lead to progressive cognitive decline. METHODS The effects of 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine (NSPP) on irradiated murine neurospheres, microglia cells, and patient-derived gliomaspheres were assessed by sphere-formation assays, flow cytometry, and interleukin (IL)-6 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Activation of the hedgehog pathway was studied by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The in vivo effects of NSPP were analyzed using flow cytometry, sphere-formation assays, immunohistochemistry, behavioral testing, and an intracranial mouse model of glioblastoma. RESULTS We report that NSPP mitigates radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in the brains of mice. NSPP treatment significantly increased the number of neural stem/progenitor cells after brain irradiation in female animals, and inhibited radiation-induced microglia activation and expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Behavioral testing revealed that treatment with NSPP after radiotherapy was able to successfully mitigate radiation-induced decline in memory function of the brain. In mouse models of glioblastoma, NSPP showed no toxicity and did not interfere with the growth-delaying effects of radiation. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that NSPP has the potential to mitigate cognitive decline in patients undergoing partial or whole brain irradiation without promoting tumor growth and that the use of this compound as a radiation mitigator of radiation late effects on the central nervous system warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kruttika Bhat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul Medina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ling He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mohammad Saki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Angeliki Ioannidis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nhan T Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sirajbir S Sodhi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Sung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Clara E Magyar
- Translational Pathology Core Laboratory, Image Analysis/Virtual Microscopy, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda M Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Frank Pajonk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Serrano Martinez P, Giuranno L, Vooijs M, Coppes RP. The Radiation-Induced Regenerative Response of Adult Tissue-Specific Stem Cells: Models and Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040855. [PMID: 33670536 PMCID: PMC7921940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is involved in the treatment of many cancers, but damage induced to the surrounding normal tissue is often inevitable. Evidence suggests that the maintenance of homeostasis and regeneration of the normal tissue is driven by specific adult tissue stem/progenitor cells. These tasks involve the input from several signaling pathways. Irradiation also targets these stem/progenitor cells, triggering a cellular response aimed at achieving tissue regeneration. Here we discuss the currently used in vitro and in vivo models and the involved specific tissue stem/progenitor cell signaling pathways to study the response to irradiation. The combination of the use of complex in vitro models that offer high in vivo resemblance and lineage tracing models, which address organ complexity constitute potential tools for the study of the stem/progenitor cellular response post-irradiation. The Notch, Wnt, Hippo, Hedgehog, and autophagy signaling pathways have been found as crucial for driving stem/progenitor radiation-induced tissue regeneration. We review how these signaling pathways drive the response of solid tissue-specific stem/progenitor cells to radiotherapy and the used models to address this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Serrano Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems-Section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorena Giuranno
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Marc Vooijs
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (R.P.C.)
| | - Robert P. Coppes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems-Section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (R.P.C.)
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He L, Bhat K, Duhacheck-Muggy S, Ioannidis A, Zhang L, Nguyen NT, Moatamed NA, Pajonk F. Tumor necrosis factor receptor signaling modulates carcinogenesis in a mouse model of breast cancer. Neoplasia 2020; 23:197-209. [PMID: 33383310 PMCID: PMC7779542 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory conditions have long been associated with mammary carcinogenesis and breast cancer progression. The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood but signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα through its receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 is a major mediator of inflammation in both obesity and in the response of tissues to radiation, 2 known risk factors for the development of breast cancer. Here, we demonstrated the loss of one TNFR2 allele led to ductal hyperplasia in the mammary gland with increased numbers of mammary epithelial stem cell and terminal end buds. Furthermore, loss of one TNFR2 allele increased the incidence of breast cancer in MMTV-Wnt1 mice and resulted in tumors with a more aggressive phenotype and metastatic potential. The underlying mechanisms include a preferential activation of canonical NF-κB signaling pathway and autocrine production of TNFα. Analysis of the TCGA dataset indicated inferior overall survival for patients with down-regulated TNFR2 expression. These findings unravel the imbalances in TNFR signaling promote the development and progression of breast cancer, indicating that selective agonists of TNFR2 could potentially modulate the risk for breast cancer in high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kruttika Bhat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara Duhacheck-Muggy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angeliki Ioannidis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nhan T Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neda A Moatamed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank Pajonk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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11
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Amini P, Ashrafizadeh M, Motevaseli E, Najafi M, Shirazi A. Mitigation of radiation-induced hematopoietic system injury by melatonin. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:815-821. [PMID: 32125094 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased risks of exposure to accidental radiation events are a concern in today's world. Radiation terror, nuclear explosion, as well as accidental exposure to radioactive sources in some industries pose a threat to the life of exposed persons. Studies have been conducted using some low-toxic agents to mitigate radiation toxicity and increase survival probability for exposed people. In the current study, we aimed to show the mitigation of radiation-induced mortality and bone marrow toxicity using postirradiation treatment with melatonin. METHOD Mice whole bodies were exposed to 4 or 7 Gy radiation followed by treatment with melatonin after 24 hours. Survival of mice with or without melatonin, the levels of peripheral cells, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the bone marrow, as well as the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 and NOX4 in bone marrow cells were evaluated. RESULTS Whole body irradiation led to mortality 30 days after irradiation. However, melatonin treatment reduced mortality. Irradiation also showed severe reduction of lymphocytes, platelets, and red blood cells. The expressions of NOX2 and NOX4, in addition to TGF-β level, were increased after exposure to radiation. Melatonin ameliorated the increased levels of these factors and improved the number of blood cells. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin showed ability to mitigate radiation-induced hematopoietic system toxicity and also increased survival rate. These results suggest that melatonin could be a potential mitigator for accidental radiation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirazi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rogers CJ, Lukaszewicz AI, Yamada-Hanff J, Micewicz ED, Ratikan JA, Starbird MA, Miller TA, Nguyen C, Lee JT, Olafsen T, Iwamoto KS, McBride WH, Schaue D, Menon N. Identification of miRNA signatures associated with radiation-induced late lung injury in mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232411. [PMID: 32392259 PMCID: PMC7213687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute radiation exposure of the thorax can lead to late serious, and even life-threatening, pulmonary and cardiac damage. Sporadic in nature, late complications tend to be difficult to predict, which prompted this investigation into identifying non-invasive, tissue-specific biomarkers for the early detection of late radiation injury. Levels of circulating microRNA (miRNA) were measured in C3H and C57Bl/6 mice after whole thorax irradiation at doses yielding approximately 70% mortality in 120 or 180 days, respectively (LD70/120 or 180). Within the first two weeks after exposure, weight gain slowed compared to sham treated mice along with a temporary drop in white blood cell counts. 52% of C3H (33 of 64) and 72% of C57Bl/6 (46 of 64) irradiated mice died due to late radiation injury. Lung and heart damage, as assessed by computed tomography (CT) and histology at 150 (C3H mice) and 180 (C57Bl/6 mice) days, correlated well with the appearance of a local, miRNA signature in the lung and heart tissue of irradiated animals, consistent with inherent differences in the C3H and C57Bl/6 strains in their propensity for developing radiation-induced pneumonitis or fibrosis, respectively. Radiation-induced changes in the circulating miRNA profile were most prominent within the first 30 days after exposure and included miRNA known to regulate inflammation and fibrosis. Importantly, early changes in plasma miRNA expression predicted survival with reasonable accuracy (88-92%). The miRNA signature that predicted survival in C3H mice, including miR-34a-5p, -100-5p, and -150-5p, were associated with pro-inflammatory NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways, whereas the signature identified in C57Bl/6 mice (miR-34b-3p, -96-5p, and -802-5p) was associated with TGF-β/SMAD signaling. This study supports the hypothesis that plasma miRNA profiles could be used to identify individuals at high risk of organ-specific late radiation damage, with applications for radiation oncology clinical practice or in the context of a radiological incident.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewa D. Micewicz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Josephine A. Ratikan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | | | - Christine Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jason T. Lee
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tove Olafsen
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Keisuke S. Iwamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - William H. McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dörthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Naresh Menon
- ChromoLogic LLC, Monrovia, California, United States of America
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Atkinson SP. A Preview of Selected Articles. Stem Cells 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Duhachek-Muggy S, Bhat K, Medina P, Cheng F, He L, Alli C, Saki M, Muthukrishnan SD, Ruffenach G, Eghbali M, Vlashi E, Pajonk F. Radiation mitigation of the intestinal acute radiation injury in mice by 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 9:106-119. [PMID: 31464098 PMCID: PMC6954722 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to identify the mechanism of action for a radiation mitigator of the gastrointestinal (GI) acute radiation syndrome (ARS), identified in an unbiased high‐throughput screen. We used mice irradiated with a lethal dose of radiation and treated with daily injections of the radiation mitigator 1‐[(4‐nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]‐4‐phenylpiperazine to study its effects on key pathways involved in intestinal stem cell (ISC) maintenance. RNASeq, quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry were performed to identify pathways engaged after drug treatment. Target validation was performed with competition assays, reporter cells, and in silico docking. 1‐[(4‐Nitrophenyl)sulfonyl]‐4‐phenylpiperazine activates Hedgehog signaling by binding to the transmembrane domain of Smoothened, thereby expanding the ISC pool, increasing the number of regenerating crypts and preventing the GI‐ARS. We conclude that Smoothened is a target for radiation mitigation in the small intestine that could be explored for use in radiation accidents as well as to mitigate normal tissue toxicity during and after radiotherapy of the abdomen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Duhachek-Muggy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kruttika Bhat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul Medina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ling He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Claudia Alli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mohammad Saki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sree Deepthi Muthukrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gregoire Ruffenach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Frank Pajonk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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