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Yoda T. Materials evaluation using cell-sized liposomes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:5509-5518. [PMID: 39109603 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00803k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Cell membranes play a vital role in delineating the internal cellular environment from the external surroundings, going beyond mere compartmentalization. Researchers have delved into the structural organization, properties, and functional roles of biological membranes, paving the way for their application in substance identification, detection, and quantification. This review introduces various studies and their implications for future research. It underscores the advantages of employing cell-sized liposomes, which enable real-time observation for rapid detection and analysis of diverse materials. The utility of cell-sized liposomes extends to their size, dynamic shape changes, and phase-separation, offering valuable insights into the evaluation of targeted materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Yoda
- Industrial Research Institute, Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, 221-10 Yamaguchi Nogi, Aomori City, Aomori, 030-0142, Japan.
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-8, Ueda, Morioka City, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
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Cohen M, Ashkenazi D, Gitler H, Tal O. Archaeometallurgical Analysis of the Provincial Silver Coinage of Judah: More on the Chaîne Opératoire of the Minting Process. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2200. [PMID: 36984080 PMCID: PMC10052650 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver coins were the first coins to be manufactured by mass production in the southern Levant. An assemblage of tiny provincial silver coins of the local (Judahite standard) and (Attic) obol-based denominations from the Persian and Hellenistic period Yehud and dated to the second half of the fourth century BCE were analyzed to determine their material composition. Of the 50 silver coins, 32 are defined as Type 5 (Athena/Owl) of the Persian period Yehud series (ca. 350-333 BCE); 9 are Type 16 (Persian king wearing a jagged crown/Falcon in flight) (ca. 350-333); 3 are Type 24 series (Portrait/Falcon) of the Macedonian period (ca. 333-306 BCE); and 6 are Type 31 (Portrait/Falcon) (ca. 306-302/1 BCE). The coins underwent visual testing, multi-focal light microscope observation, XRF analysis, and SEM-EDS analysis. The metallurgical findings revealed that all the coins from the Type 5, 16, 24, and 31 series are made of high-purity silver with a small percentage of copper. Based on these results, it is suggested that each series was manufactured using a controlled composition of silver-copper alloy. The findings present novel information about the material culture of the southern Levant during the Late Persian period and Macedonian period, as expressed through the production and use of these silver coins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Cohen
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Leon Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Dana Ashkenazi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Haim Gitler
- Israel Museum, Derech Rupin 11, Jerusalem 9171002, Israel
| | - Oren Tal
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Karuppusamy P, Sarveswari S. Bis-Thiophene based colorimetric chemosensor for selective recognition of silver in semi-aqueous medium. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Felix VS, Pereira MO, Freitas RP, Aranha PJM, Heringer PCS, Anjos MJ, Lopes RT. Analysis of silver coins from colonial Brazil by hand held XRF and micro-XRF. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 166:109409. [PMID: 32979755 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, 960 réis coins from the period when Brazil was a colony of Portugal were analyzed using the x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. The history of these coins, dated between the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 19th century, had a great influence on the immigration of the Portuguese Prince Regent D. João to Brazil, who arrived in 1808. Bearing in mind the need to expand the timid Brazilian monetary system, the Portuguese crown decided to collect Spanish silver pesos of 8 reales, recoined with a value of 960 réis. The recoinage procedure was carried out using a stamp; therefore, in many cases, it is possible to check the base currency. In this work, were investigated 17 samples of 960 réis coins by XRF, in which the base coin was 8 reales manufactured with raw materials from Mexican mines. In addition to characterizing the elemental composition of the coins, the XRF data were evaluated using multivariate statistical method of Robust Principal Component Analysis (ROBPCA), which was used to classify the coins based on their elemental composition. However, with XRF, elementary information is obtained for a depth of only a few micrometers. One of the essential issues in Ag-Cu metal alloys is the Ag enrichment, which can cause changes to the elemental composition of the surface. Therefore, initially, a study was carried out to verify whether the surface compositions of the coins were altered by the Ag enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter S Felix
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Simulação Computational (LISCOMP-IFRJ/CPAR), 26600-000, Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Instrumentação Nuclear (LIN-UFRJ), 21941-972, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo O Pereira
- Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Censo Suckow da Fonseca/Campus Nova Iguaçu, 26041-271, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato P Freitas
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Simulação Computational (LISCOMP-IFRJ/CPAR), 26600-000, Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Paula J M Aranha
- Departamento de Numismática, Museu Histórico Nacional, 20021-200, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro C S Heringer
- Departamento de Numismática, Museu Histórico Nacional, 20021-200, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelino J Anjos
- Laboratório de Instrumentação Nuclear (LIN-UFRJ), 21941-972, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Física Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (IF-UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, RJ, 20559-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo T Lopes
- Laboratório de Instrumentação Nuclear (LIN-UFRJ), 21941-972, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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