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Valdecantos PA, Bravo Miana RDC, García EV, García DC, Roldán-Olarte M, Miceli DC. Expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptors in bovine oviductal epithelial cells: Evidence of autocrine BMP signaling. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 185:89-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
Noggin, along with other secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitors, plays a crucial role in neural induction and neural tube patterning as well as in somitogenesis, cardiac morphogenesis and formation of the skeleton in vertebrates. The BMP signalling pathway is one of the seven fundamental pathways that drive embryonic development and pattern formation in animals. Understanding its evolutionary origin and role in pattern formation is, therefore, important to evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). We have studied the evolutionary origin of BMP-Noggin antagonism in hydra, which is a powerful diploblastic model to study evolution of pattern-forming mechanisms because of the unusual cellular dynamics during its pattern formation and its remarkable ability to regenerate. We cloned and characterized the noggin gene from hydra and found it to exhibit considerable similarity with its orthologues at the amino acid level. Microinjection of hydra Noggin mRNA led to duplication of the dorsoventral axis in Xenopus embryos, demonstrating its functional conservation across the taxa. Our data, along with those of others, indicate that the evolutionarily conserved antagonism between BMP and its inhibitors predates bilateral divergence. This article reviews the various roles of Noggin in different organisms and some of our recent work on hydra Noggin in the context of evolution of developmental signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Chandramore
- Division of Animal Sciences, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune 411 004, India
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Stricker S, Mundlos S. Mechanisms of digit formation: Human malformation syndromes tell the story. Dev Dyn 2011; 240:990-1004. [PMID: 21337664 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the genetic basis of human limb malformation disorders has been instrumental in improving our understanding of limb development. Abnormalities of the hands and/or feet include defects affecting patterning, establishment, elongation, and segmentation of cartilaginous condensations, as well as growth of the individual skeletal elements. While the phenotype of such malformations is highly diverse, the mutations identified to date cluster in genes implicated in a limited number of molecular pathways, namely hedgehog, Wnt, and bone morphogenetic protein. The latter pathway appears to function as a key molecular network regulating different phases of digit and joint development. Studies in animal models not only extended our insight into the pathogenesis of these conditions, but have also contributed to our understanding of the in vivo functions and interactions of these key players. This review is aimed at integrating the current understanding of human digit malformations into the increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of digit development. Developmental Dynamics 240:990-1004, 2011. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigmar Stricker
- Development and Disease Group, Max Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
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Baldridge D, Shchelochkov O, Kelley, B, Lee B. Signaling Pathways in Human Skeletal Dysplasias. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2010; 11:189-217. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-082908-150158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Baldridge
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; , , ,
| | - Oleg Shchelochkov
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; , , ,
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Brian Kelley,
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; , , ,
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas 77009
| | - Brendan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; , , ,
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas 77009
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Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) is produced by bone marrow-mesenchymal (BMSC) and hematopoietic stem cells, which can differentiate into bone, cartilage, adipose, muscle, hematopoietic, synovial and other tissues. Bmp6-/- null mice have low hepcidin serum levels and an iron overload, resembling hereditary hemochromatosis, which may cause a reduced number of pancreatic beta-cells, increased serum glucose and diabetes. BMP-6 circulates in the normal human plasma and is produced by BMSC prior to differentiation into osteoblasts. Moreover, it is also released by osteoclasts as a key bone coupling factor recruiting osteoblasts to the resorption site. Due to unique structural, receptor binding and signaling characteristics much smaller amounts of BMP-6 than BMP-7 are needed in vivo to induce regeneration of bone defects in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slobodan Vukicevic
- Laboratory of Mineralized Tissues, Center for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Abstract
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) play an important role during organ development and during regeneration after tissue damage. BMPs signal via transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. From our current understanding heteromeric complexes of type I and type II receptors are required for signal propagation. Presently, three type I and three type II receptors are known to bind BMPs with different affinities. Ligands and receptors eventually oligomerize via defined modes into signaling complexes. Co-receptors recruit into these complexes to either inhibit or to promote signaling. The Smad pathway, initiated by phosphorylation through the activated type I receptors, results in transcriptional regulation of early target genes. However, on its way to the nucleus, Smads represent signaling platforms for other pathways, which eventually finetune BMP signal transduction. We also describe BMP-induced signaling cascades leading to cytoskeletal rearrangements, non-transcriptional and non-Smad pathways. BMPs induce a plethora of different cellular effects ranging from stem cell maintenance, migration, differentiation, proliferation to apoptosis. The molecular mechanism, by which the same ligand induces these manifold effects, depends on the cellular context. Here we try to give a current picture of the most important players in regulating and directing BMP signaling towards the desired cellular outcome. Examples of BMP action during development, but also physiological and pathophysiological conditions in the adult organism are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Sieber
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Kaplan FS, Pignolo RJ, Shore EM. The FOP metamorphogene encodes a novel type I receptor that dysregulates BMP signaling. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2009; 20:399-407. [PMID: 19896889 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of mature organisms to stabilize phenotypes has enormous selective advantage across all phyla, but the mechanisms have been largely unexplored. Individuals with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare genetic disorder of progressive heterotopic ossification, undergo a pathological metamorphosis in which one normal tissue is transformed into another through a highly regulated process of tissue destruction and phenotype reassignment. This disabling metamorphosis is mediated by the FOP metamorphogene, which encodes a mutant bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor that exhibits mild constitutive activity during development and severe episodic dysregulation postnatally. The discovery of the FOP metamorphogene reveals a highly conserved target for drug development and identifies a fundamental defect in the BMP signaling pathway that when triggered by injury and inflammation transforms one tissue into another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick S Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Center for Research in FOP & Related Disorders, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Schwappacher R, Weiske J, Heining E, Ezerski V, Marom B, Henis YI, Huber O, Knaus P. Novel crosstalk to BMP signalling: cGMP-dependent kinase I modulates BMP receptor and Smad activity. EMBO J 2009; 28:1537-50. [PMID: 19424179 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Integration of multiple signals into the canonical BMP/Smad pathway poses a big challenge during the course of embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Here, we show that cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase I (cGKI) modulates BMP receptors and Smads, providing a novel mechanism enhancing BMP signalling. cGKI, a key mediator of vasodilation and hypertension diseases, interacts with and phosphorylates the BMP type II receptor (BMPRII). In response to BMP-2, cGKI then dissociates from the receptors, associates with activated Smads, and undergoes nuclear translocation. In the nucleus, cGKI binds with Smad1 and the general transcription factor TFII-I to promoters of BMP target genes such as Id1 to enhance transcriptional activation. Accordingly, cGKI has a dual function in BMP signalling: (1) it modulates BMP receptor/Smad activity at the plasma membrane and (2) after redistribution to the nucleus, it further regulates transcription as a nuclear co-factor for Smads. Consequently, cellular defects caused by mutations in BMPRII, found in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, were compensated through cGKI, supporting the positive action of cGKI on BMP-induced Smad signalling downstream of the receptors.
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Simic P, Vukicevic S. Bone morphogenetic proteins: from developmental signals to tissue regeneration. Conference on bone morphogenetic proteins. EMBO Rep 2007; 8:327-31. [PMID: 17363970 PMCID: PMC1852762 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2006] [Accepted: 01/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Simic
- Laboratory of Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 11, 10000
Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slobodan Vukicevic
- Laboratory of Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 11, 10000
Zagreb, Croatia
- Tel: +38514566812; Fax: +38514566822;
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