1
|
Qamar MA, Javed M, Shahid S, Shariq M, Fadhali MM, Ali SK, Khan MS. Synthesis and applications of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) based membranes for wastewater treatment: A critical review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12685. [PMID: 36660457 PMCID: PMC9842699 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Semiconducting membrane combined with nanomaterials is an auspicious combination that may successfully eliminate diverse waste products from water while consuming little energy and reducing pollution. Creating an inexpensive, steady, flexible, and diversified business material for membrane production is a critical challenge in membrane technology development. Because of its unusual structure and high catalytic activity, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has come out as a viable material for membranes. Furthermore, their great durability, high permanency under challenging environments, and long-term use without decrease in flux are significant advantages. The advanced material techniques used to manage the molecular assembly of g-C3N4 for separation membrane were detailed in this review work. The progress in using g-C3N4-based membranes for water treatment has been detailed in this presentation. The review delivers an updated description of g-C3N4 based membranes and their separation functions and new ideas for future enhancements/adjustments to address their weaknesses in real-world situations. Finally, the ongoing problems and promising future research directions for g-C3N4-based membranes are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azam Qamar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan,Corresponding author.
| | - Mohsin Javed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Sammia Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Shariq
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Fadhali
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, 70270, Yemen
| | - Syed Kashif Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Shakir Khan
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Al- Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al- Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tu Z, Tian F, Li X, Tian D, Li R, Wu Z. Cyclodextrin functionalization enhancement in a CA-β-CD/g-C 3N 4/Ag 2CO 3 Z-type heterojunction towards efficient photodegradation of organic pollutants. REACT CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3re00025g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
More free radicals can be produced quickly by CA-β-CD/CN/Ag2CO3, leading to more effective and stable photocatalytic activity. The interfacial charge separation has been improved by the CA-β-CD modified CN/Ag2CO3 heterojunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Tu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Fei Tian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Duoduo Tian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Runze Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Zhansheng Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Enhanced carrier transport and visible light response in CA-β-CD/g-C3N4/Ag2O 2D/0D heterostructures functionalized with cyclodextrin for effective organic degradation. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
4
|
β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphitic carbon nitride as a promising electrocatalyst for the selective oxidation of Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
Kang JY, Shi YP. Recent advances and application of carbon nitride framework materials in sample preparation. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
6
|
Santhoshkumar S, Murugan E. Size controlled silver nanoparticles on β-cyclodextrin/graphitic carbon nitride: an excellent nanohybrid material for SERS and catalytic applications. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17988-18000. [PMID: 34851335 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02809j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A nanohybrid (NH), having high dispersion of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)/graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), designated as AgNPs/β-CD/g-CN-NH, was synthesized and characterized. It was exploited for a couple of environmental remediation applications like SERS sensing and catalytic reduction of specific organic pollutants in water. It showed excellent SERS activity as a Raman probe for the detection of malachite green (MG). Its enhancement factor (EF) and detection limit for MG were equal to 7.26 × 106 and 1 × 10-9 M, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was equal to 3.8% which indicates high homogeneity of AgNP dispersion and signal reproducibility of the SERS substrate. The NH displayed high catalytic activity for the reduction of eosin yellow (EY) in the presence of NaBH4 with the rate constant (k) of 0.1142 min-1. A comparison of the present NH with other reported materials reveals better SERS and catalytic activities of the former than those of the latter. The SERS activity of the NH was also examined for sensing of other triphenylamine dyes like methyl violet (MV), and it was successful. The same NH also exhibited high catalytic activity towards the reduction of Congo red (CR). The results of both studies clarify that the NH is an excellent SERS substrate and efficient catalyst for the detection of organic environmental pollutants having structures similar to MG and their degradation. This is due to the distribution of the controlled size of AgNPs on g-CN promoted by β-CD. Therefore, we focus our attention on future environmental applications of the nanohybrid as a very cheap SERS substrate and a very active catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Santhoshkumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Guindy, Chennai-25, India.
| | - E Murugan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemical Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Guindy, Chennai-25, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li X, Huang G, Chen X, Huang J, Li M, Yin J, Liang Y, Yao Y, Li Y. A review on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) based hybrid membranes for water and wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148462. [PMID: 34465053 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has gained enormous attention for water and wastewater treatment. Compared with g-C3N4 nanopowders, g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes have demonstrated great potential for its superior practicability. This review outlines the preparation and characterization of g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes and presents their representative applications in water and wastewater treatment (e.g., removal of organic dyes, phenolic compounds, pharmaceuticals, salt ions, heavy metals, and oils). Meanwhile, g-C3N4 based films for the removal of contaminants through photocatalytic degradation is also summarized. In addition, the corresponding mechanisms and relevant findings are discussed. Finally, the challenges and research needs in the future and application of g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohe Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, China-Canada Center for Energy, Environment and Ecology Research, UR-BNU, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiujuan Chen
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jing Huang
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Mengna Li
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jianan Yin
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Ying Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Yongping Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, China-Canada Center for Energy, Environment and Ecology Research, UR-BNU, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for lincomycin antigen detection by using a SnO 2/chitosan/g-C 3N 4 nanocomposite. Talanta 2021; 233:122546. [PMID: 34215049 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, hydrothermal method was used for the synthesis of SnO2 quantum dots (QDs). The prepared SnO2 QDs have a uniform particle size distribution and good electrochemiluminescence (ECL) property. Then the prepared SnO2 QDs was combined with graphene-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) through chitosan to form SnO2/chitosan/g-C3N4 nanocomposite and used for detecting the lincomycin. The characteristics of SnO2/chitosan/g-C3N4 nanocomposite were presented by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the analytical results proving that the nanocomposite was prepared successfully. In this strategy, the SnO2/chitosan/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was acted as the substrate of aptasensor. Then, SH-DNA (aptamer DNA) was assembled on the surface of electrode, after 6-mercaptohexanol (MCH) blocked the unbound sites of the electrode surface, ferrocene-DNA (Fc-DNA) was incubated on the electrode surface through base complementation with aptamer DNA. In the absence of lincomycin, due to the low conductivity of Fc-DNA and the photo-excited energy electron transfer, the ECL signal was quenched. In the presence of lincomycin, the aptamer DNA was specific binding with lincomycin, and ferrocene-DNA (Fc-DNA) was detached from the surface of aptasensor electrode, generating an obviously enhancement of ECL signal. To ensure the accuracy of the data, each electrode runs continuously for 3600 s. Under optimal experimental conditions, the detection range of the aptasensor was 0.10 ng mL-1 - 0.10 mg mL-1, and the detection limit was 0.028 ng mL-1. In addition, the aptasensor has good stability and reproducibility, and also provided a hopeful device for all kinds of other protein target.
Collapse
|
9
|
Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C 3N 4 NS) as dual responsive template for fluorescent sensing as well as degradation of food colorants. Food Chem 2020; 343:128451. [PMID: 33129619 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, fluorescent g-C3N4 NS with laminar morphology and ultrathin thickness were fabricated. The as synthesized NS were well characterized by UV-Visible and Fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD and HR-TEM. The bright blue fluorescent suspension of g-C3N4 NS was utilized for efficient detection of food colorant; tartrazine (Tz) and sunset yellow (SY). Both food colorant were able to quench fluorescence of NS efficiently were able to detect them selectively over other interfering analytes. The chemosensor showed linear range response for low concentration of Tz and SY with limit of detection for Tz and SY as 0.0325 μM (32.5 nM) and 0.221 μM (221 nM), respectively. They served as non-toxic and low cost photocatalyst. The catalytic degradation process was confirmed by mass and UV-Visible spectra analysis. The g-C3N4 NS served dual role of detection as well as photocatalytic degradation of food colorant.
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang B, Liu XP, Chen JS, Mao CJ, Niu HL, Jin BK. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay for the prostate-specific antigen by using a CdS/chitosan/g-C3N4 nanocomposite. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:155. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
11
|
Wang Y, Fan J, Lin S, Liu C, Yang S. Surface‐Engineered Hollow Polymer Spheres for Efficient Enrichment and Photodegradation of Aqueous Organic Wastes. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Jie Fan
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Shiting Lin
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Shun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| |
Collapse
|