ESP-Promoted Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Peptide Bond Formation Reactions in Water at Room Temperature

A Novel Utilization of Water Extract of Suaeda Salsa in the Pd/C Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction

Using biomass-derived solvents in various organic reactions is challenging for the fine chemicals industry. We herein report a Pd/C catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in water extract of suaeda salsa (WES) without using external phosphine ligand, base, and organic solvent. The cross-coupling reactions were carried out in a basic WES medium with a broad substrate scope and wide functional group tolerance. Furthermore, the high purity of solid biaryl products can be obtained by column chromatography or filtration.

Synthesis of bioactive scaffolds catalyzed by agro-waste-based solvent medium

The backbone of synthetic organic chemistry is the formation of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. Scientists are actively working to develop new methods of bond-forming reactions because it is one of the most useful tools for the development of structurally diverse molecular entities. On the other hand, scientists are constantly discovering chemical processes to make them more sustainable in order to avoid the ever-increasing chemical emission associated with hazards to the environment. Thus, the development of greener catalytic reactions demonstrated a massive uptick in the ability to carry out carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions under environmentally friendly and simple reaction conditions. Various approaches are demonstrated, namely, solvent-free, microwave irradiation, ionic liquids, ball milling, ultrasound, one-pot, and aqueous-mediated methods under green chemistry protocol. Agro-waste is the postharvest part or agricultural residues derived from various agricultural activities, which has diverse scope and applications. The use of this agro-waste is an eco-friendly and cost-effective process of waste management. Appropriate and optimal utilization of these waste by-products is one of the major challenges in the present days. The recent trend around the globe is to transform waste into wealth concepts to achieve various applications. Agro-waste-derived ashes and extracted medium are successfully studied recently as a heterogeneous- or homogenous-based catalyst in various organic transformations. Agro-waste-derived catalysts are easily available, cost-effective, simple to prepare, nontoxic, easy to handle, biodegradable, and more environmentally benign. This article focuses more on a few instances of agro-waste-based homogeneous and heterogeneous organic synthesis, especially those used in the construction of bioactive molecule synthesis via C–C and C–X bond formation reactions are discussed. The compiled literature in this article is based on keywords used in the search engine on “agro-waste-based catalyst for organic transformations”, and review articles published on this topic, future scope, and summary are discussed.

A Low-Cost, Well-Designed Catalytic System Derived from Household Waste "Egg Shell": Applications in Organic Transformations

A waste feedstock-derived economical basic alternative catalyst is described in this review. Eggshell is one of the household wastes created in tons of weight daily. Therefore, in order to reduce the environmental pollution-related problems, its use in heterogeneous catalysis can be attributed as a great contribution for the chemical and material science society to carry out several known reactions and for the much-needed energy alternative biodiesel production as low-cost catalytic system. Keeping green chemistry in mind, industrial use of these catalysts may also reduce the use of other traditionally used high-cost chemical catalytic systems.