Anti-Inflammatory, Radical Scavenging Mechanism of New 4-Aryl-[1,3]-thiazol-2-yl-2-quinoline Carbohydrazides and Quinolinyl[1,3]-thiazolo[3,2-b ][1,2,4]triazoles

Designing, Synthesis, and Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of a Series of New Quinazolin-4(1H)-one Derivatives

The inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) protein could be a promising treatment for breast cancer. In this regard, docking studies were accomplished on various functionalized organic molecules. Among them, several derivatives of quinazolin-4(1H)-one exhibited anti-breast cancer activity and satisfied the drug likeliness properties. Further, the in vitro inhibitory studies by a series of 2-(2-phenoxyquinolin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one molecules showed strong anti-cancer activity than the currently available drug, wortmannin. The MTT cytotoxicity assay was used to predict the anti-proliferative activity of these drugs against MCF-7 cancer cells by inhibiting the PIK3CA protein. The dose-dependent analysis showed a striking decrease in cancer cell viability at 24 h with inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀ ) of 3b, 3c, 3d, 3f and 3m are 15±1, 17±1, 8±1, 10±1 and 60±1 (nanomoles), respectively. This is the first report in the literature on the inhibition of PIK3CA protein by quinazolinone derivatives that can be used in the treatment of cancer. Quinazolinone analogs have the potential to be safe and economically feasible scaffolds if they are produced using a chemical technique that is both straightforward and amenable to modification. From the cancer research perspective, this study can eventually offer better care for cancer patients.

(Benzylideneamino)triazole-Thione Derivatives of Flurbiprofen: An Efficient Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and In Vivo Analgesic Potential

Triazole is an imperative heterocycle renowned for its broad-spectrum biological significance. In this manuscript, facile microwave-assisted synthesis of a series of 4-(benzylideneamino)-3-(1-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione 6(a-m) derivatives along with their in vivo analgesic activity is reported. 2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanoic acid (flurbiprofen) was converted to methyl 2-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanoate using microwave irradiation, followed by its hydrazinolysis with hydrazine monohydrate. 2-(2-Fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)propanehydrazide thus obtained was converted to 4-amino-3-(1-(2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione, followed by its condensation with different aromatic aldehydes to get the title compounds. Structures of all the synthesized compounds were established using different methods (¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis) and evaluated for their potential as analgesic agents by tail flick, hot plate, and writhing methods. The results of this in vivo study revealed several compounds as potent analgesic agents among which compound 6e showed significant analgesic effect for all the three assays employed.

Expedient Discovery for Novel Antifungal Leads Targeting Succinate Dehydrogenase: Pyrazole-4-formylhydrazide Derivatives Bearing a Diphenyl Ether Fragment

The pyrazole-4-carboxamide scaffold containing a flexible amide chain has emerged as the molecular skeleton of highly efficient agricultural fungicides targeting succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Based on the above vital structural features of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI), three types of novel pyrazole-4-formylhydrazine derivatives bearing a diphenyl ether moiety were rationally conceived under the guidance of a virtual docking comparison between bioactive molecules and SDH. Consistent with the virtual verification results of a molecular docking comparison, the in vitro antifungal bioassays indicated that the skeleton structure of title compounds should be optimized as an N'-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide scaffold. Strikingly, N'-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbohydrazide derivatives 11o against Rhizoctonia solani, 11m against Fusarium graminearum, and 11g against Botrytis cinerea exhibited excellent antifungal effects, with corresponding EC₅₀ values of 0.14, 0.27, and 0.52 μg/mL, which were obviously better than carbendazim against R. solani (0.34 μg/mL) and F. graminearum (0.57 μg/mL) as well as penthiopyrad against B. cinerea (0.83 μg/mL). The relative studies on an in vivo bioassay against R. solani, bioactive evaluation against SDH, and molecular docking were further explored to ascertain the practical value of compound 11o as a potential fungicide targeting SDH. The present work provided a non-negligible complement for the structural optimization of antifungal leads targeting SDH.