Modular Assembly of Tunable Fluorescent Chemosensors Selective for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ Metal Ions via the Multicomponent Castagnoli‐Cushman Reaction

New reagent space and new scope for the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction of oximes and 3-arylglutaconic anhydrides

The Castagnoli–Cushman reaction of oximes, previously known only for homophthalic anhydride, was extended to 3-arylglutaconic anhydrides to produce a new family of cyclic hydroxamic acids from a significantly improved diversity of oxime substrates.

Two Annulated Azaheterocyclic Cores Readily Available from a Single Tetrahydroisoquinolonic Castagnoli-Cushman Precursor

A novel approach to indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline and dibenzo[c,h][1,6]naphthyridine tetracyclic systems was discovered based on switchable reduction of 2-methoxy-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carboxylic acid prepared via Castagnoli–Cushman reaction. Reduction with ammonium formate resulted in the expected selective transformation of the nitro group (thus providing access to substituted dibenzo[c,h][1,6]naphthyridine via cyclization and dehydrogenation). However, attempted reduction with sodium sulfide initiated a previously unknown reaction cascade including double reduction, cyclization, and decarboxylation, leading to formation of indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline polyheterocycle in one synthetic step.