Ruthenium Oxide Modified alpha‐Manganese Dioxide Nanotube as Efficient Bifunctional Cathode Catalysts for Lithium Oxygen Batteries

A Novel Cr2O3/MnO2-x Electrode for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries with Low Charge Voltage and High Energy Efficiency

A high energy efficiency, low charging voltage cathode is of great significance for the development of non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries. Non-stoichiometric manganese dioxide (MnO_2-x) and chromium trioxide (Cr₂O₃) are known to have good catalytic activities for the discharging and charging processes, respectively. In this work, we prepared a cathode based on Cr₂O₃ decorated MnO_2-x nanosheets via a simple anodic electrodeposition-electrostatic adsorption-calcination process. This combined fabrication process allowed the simultaneous introduction of abundant oxygen vacancies and trivalent manganese into the MnO_2-x nanosheets, with a uniform load of a small amount of Cr₂O₃ on the surface of the MnO_2-x nanosheets. Therefore, the Cr₂O₃/MnO_2-x electrode exhibited a high catalytic effect for both discharging and charging, while providing high energy efficiency and low charge voltage. Experimental results show that the as-prepared Cr₂O₃/MnO_2-x cathode could provide a specific capacity of 6,779 mA·h·g⁻¹ with a terminal charge voltage of 3.84 V, and energy efficiency of 78%, at a current density of 200 mA·g⁻¹. The Cr₂O₃/MnO_2-x electrode also showed good rate capability and cycle stability. All the results suggest that the as-prepared Cr₂O₃/MnO_2-x nanosheet electrode has great prospects in non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries.