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Le DM, Renault A, Delage A, Ducos P, Miro-Sabate C, Pelletier N, Lacôte E, Jacob G. Replacement of Toxic Hydrazines in Satellite Propulsion with Greener Dinitramide-Based Energetic Ionic Liquid Candidates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303965. [PMID: 38533907 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Satellite propulsion uses liquid mono or bi-propellants composed of a hydrazine in combination with a strong oxidant. However, hydrazines are highly toxic. As a result, many research efforts for more environmentally compatible propellants have been made over the past decade. In this study we evidence green formulations that retain high propulsive performances. They are based on the dinitramide anion. From an initial library of 37 ammonium dinitramides 3 best candidates were selected after evaluation of their potential syntheses, calculated theoretical performances, experimental synthesis optimizations and decomposition temperatures. These three salts were then formulated to obtain acceptable sensitivities and melting points, which eventually led to only one formulation being retained: a 40 : 60 mixture of dimethylammonium dinitramide and ammonium dinitramide phlegmatized by 10 % of glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Minh Le
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Renault
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arthur Delage
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Paul Ducos
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Carlos Miro-Sabate
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Pelletier
- CNES, Centre Spatial de Toulouse, 18 Avenue Edouard Belin, F-31401, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Emmanuel Lacôte
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guy Jacob
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, CNES, ArianeGroup, LHCEP, Bât. Raulin, 2 rue Victor Grignard, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
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Bo G, Zhanning N, Hongwei Y, Haoqing T, Xiaohuan L, Tian T. Synthesis and characterization of 1-butyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium energetic ionic liquids with transition-metal complex anions. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03212g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Energetic ionic liquids based on 1-butyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium cation and transition metal complex anions, namely [Co(NO2)6]3−, [Co(CN)6]3−, [Co(NCS)4]2− and [Fe(CN)6]3−, were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Bo
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Science, Xijing University, Xi’an, 710123, China
| | - Niu Zhanning
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China
| | - Yang Hongwei
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Science, Xijing University, Xi’an, 710123, China
| | - Tang Haoqing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China
| | - Liu Xiaohuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China
| | - Tian Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, China
- Handan Key Laboratory of Carbon Dioxide Utilization, Handan 056038, China
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