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Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach and in vitro assays revealed promising role of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives against colorectal cancer cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 182:106378. [PMID: 36638899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequent form of gastrointestinal cancer and one of the major causes of human mortality worldwide. Many of the current CRC therapies have limitations due to multidrug resistance and/or severe side effects. Quinazoline derivatives are promising lead compounds with a wide range of pharmacological actions. In this study, the effect of seven synthesized 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one analogues as potential anticancer agents against two CRC cell lines (HCT116 and SW480) was investigated using cell viability proliferation, migration, adhesion and invasion assays. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) metabolomics approach was used to identify the underlying biochemical pathways disturbed in treated-HCT116 cells. Cell viability proliferation assay revealed that four compounds (C2, C3, C5, and C7) had IC50 < 10 µM with C5 displaying the most potent cytotoxic effect (IC50 1.4 and 0.3 µM against HCT116 and SW480, respectively). Additionally, the compounds showed suppression of wound closure after 72 h, and both C2 and C5 significantly decreased the number of adherent cells and suppressed HCT116 cells invasion. Metabolomics study revealed that C5 induced significant perturbations in the level of several metabolites including spermine, polyamines, glutamine, creatine and carnitine, and altered biochemical processes essential for cell proliferation and progression such as amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism, redox homeostasis, energy related processes (e.g., fatty acid oxidation, second Warburg like effect) and one-carbon metabolism. Our findings indicate that 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one analogues, particularly C5, have promising anticancer properties, and shed light on the role of metabolomics in identifying new therapeutic targets and providing better understanding of the pathways altered in treated cancer cells.
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Venugopala KN, Ramachandra P, Tratrat C, Gleiser RM, Bhandary S, Chopra D, Morsy MA, Aldhubiab BE, Attimarad M, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Venugopala R, Deb PK, Chandrashekharappa S, Khalil HE, Alwassil OI, Abed SN, Bataineh YA, Palenge R, Haroun M, Pottathil S, Girish MB, Akrawi SH, Mohanlall V. Larvicidal Activities of 2-Aryl-2,3-Dihydroquinazolin -4-ones against Malaria Vector Anopheles arabiensis, In Silico ADMET Prediction and Molecular Target Investigation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061316. [PMID: 32183140 PMCID: PMC7144721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria, affecting all continents, remains one of the life-threatening diseases introduced by parasites that are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Although insecticides are currently used to reduce malaria transmission, their safety concern for living systems, as well as the environment, is a growing problem. Therefore, the discovery of novel, less toxic, and environmentally safe molecules to effectively combat the control of these vectors is in high demand. In order to identify new potential larvicidal agents, a series of 2-aryl-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their larvicidal activity against Anopheles arabiensis. The in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties of the compounds were also investigated and most of the derivatives possessed a favorable ADMET profile. Computational modeling studies of the title compounds demonstrated a favorable binding interaction against the acetylcholinesterase enzyme molecular target. Thus, 2-aryl-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-4-ones were identified as a novel class of Anopheles arabiensis insecticides which can be used as lead molecules for the further development of more potent and safer larvicidal agents for treating malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
| | - Pushpalatha Ramachandra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560 064, India; (P.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Raquel M. Gleiser
- CREAN-IMBIV (UNC-CONICET), Av. Valparaíso s.n., Córdoba, Argentina and FCEFyN, AV. Sarsfield 299, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba 5000, Argentina;
| | - Subhrajyoti Bhandary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India; (S.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India; (S.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Bandar E. Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Rashmi Venugopala
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (P.K.D.); (S.N.A.); (Y.A.B.)
| | - Sandeep Chandrashekharappa
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, NCBS, TIFR, GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 065, India;
| | - Hany Ezzat Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Osama I. Alwassil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sara Nidal Abed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (P.K.D.); (S.N.A.); (Y.A.B.)
| | - Yazan A. Bataineh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (P.K.D.); (S.N.A.); (Y.A.B.)
| | - Ramachandra Palenge
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560 064, India; (P.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Shinu Pottathil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Meravanige B. Girish
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sabah H. Akrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (C.T.); (M.A.M.); (B.E.A.); (M.A.); (A.B.N.); (N.S.); (H.E.K.); (M.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa;
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