1
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Malik AN, Ali A, Ashfaq M, Tahir MN, Alam MM, Mostafa MS, Kuznetsov A. A synthetic approach towards drug modification: 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde based imine-zwitterion preparation, single-crystal study, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and computational investigation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6476-6493. [PMID: 38390507 PMCID: PMC10879849 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08727a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The current work is about the modification of primary amine functionalized drugs, pyrimethamine and 4-amino-N-(2,3-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide, via condensation reaction with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde to produce new organic zwitterionic compounds (E)-1-(((4-(N-(2,3-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)iminio)methyl)naphthalen-2-olate (DSPIN) and (E)-1-(((4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)iminio)methyl)naphthalen-2-olate (ACPIN) in methanol as a solvent. The crystal structures of both compounds were confirmed to be imine-based zwitterionic products via single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis which indicated that the stabilization of both crystalline compounds is achieved via various noncovalent interactions. The supramolecular assembly in terms of noncovalent interactions was explored by the Hirshfeld surface analysis. Void analysis was carried out to predict the crystal mechanical response. Compound geometries calculated in the DFT (Density Functional Theory) study showed reasonably good agreement with the experimentally determined structural parameters. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis showed that the DSPIN HOMO/LUMO gap is by 0.15 eV smaller than the ACPIN HOMO/LUMO gap due to some destabilization of the DSPIN HOMO and some stabilization of its LUMO. The results of the charge analysis implied formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and suggested formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole and dispersion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad 38000-Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha Sargodha 40100 Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Mostafa
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science, Jazan University P.O. Box 114 Jazan 45142 Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleksey Kuznetsov
- Departamento de Química, Campus Santiago Vitacura, Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa María Av. Santa María 6400 Vitacura 7660251 Chile
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2
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Jamil S, Gondal HY, Ali A, Hussain A, Akram N, Nisar M, Tahir MN, Ashfaq M, Raza AR, Muhammad S, Cheema ZM, Mustafai A, Sameeh MY. Benzimidazolium quaternary ammonium salts: synthesis, single crystal and Hirshfeld surface exploration supported by theoretical analysis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231094. [PMID: 38356872 PMCID: PMC10864785 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the broad applications of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), we present the synthesis of benzimidazolium-based analogues with variation in the alkyl and alkoxy group at N-1 and N-3 positions. All the compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and found stable to air and moisture both in the solid and solution state. Moreover, molecular structures were established through single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The crystal packing of the compounds was stabilized by numerous intermolecular interactions explored by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The enrichment ratio was calculated for the pairs of chemical species to acquire the highest propensity to form contacts. Void analysis was carried out to check the mechanical response of the compounds. Furthermore, theoretical investigations were also performed to explore the optoelectronic properties of compounds. Natural population analysis (NPA) has been conducted to evaluate the distribution of charges on the synthesized compounds, whereas high band gaps of the synthesized compounds by frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis indicated their stability. Nonlinear optical (NLO) analysis revealed that the synthesized QAS demonstrates significantly improved NLO behaviour than the standard urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Jamil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Akbar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ajaz Hussain
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Akram
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nisar
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rauf Raza
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, PO Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zain M. Cheema
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Aleena Mustafai
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Manal Y. Sameeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24831, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Malik A, Tahir MN, Ali A, Ashfaq M, Ibrahim M, Kuznetsov AE, Assiri MA, Sameeh MY. Preparation, Crystal Structure, Supramolecular Assembly, and DFT Studies of Two Organic Salts Bearing Pyridine and Pyrimidine. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25034-25047. [PMID: 37483210 PMCID: PMC10357529 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The effective preparation of two new pyrimidine- and pyridine-based organic crystalline salts with substituted acidic moieties (i.e., (Z)-4-(naphthalen-2-ylamino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid (DCNO) and 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (PCNP)) using methanol as a solvent has been reported. These molecular salts have ionic interactions that are responsible for their structural stabilization in their solid-state assemblies. The crystal structures of DCNO and PCNP were determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) technique. The SCXRD study inferred that cations and anions are strongly packed due to N-H···O, N-H···N, and C-H···O noncovalent interactions in DCNO, whereas in PCNP, N-H···N noncovalent interactions are absent. The noncovalent interactions in both organic crystalline salts were comprehensively investigated by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Further, a detailed density functional theory (DFT) study of both compounds was performed. The optimized structures of both compounds supported the existence of the H-bonding and weak dispersion interactions in the synthesized organic crystalline salt structures. Both compounds were shown to have large and noticeably different HOMO/LUMO energy gaps. The atomic charge analysis results supported the SCXRD and HSA results, showing the formation of intermolecular noncovalent interactions in both organic crystalline salts. The results of the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis confirmed the existence of (relatively weak) noncovalent interactions between the cation and anion moieties of their organic crystalline salts. The global reactivity parameters (GRPs) analysis showed that both organic crystalline salts' compounds should be quite thermodynamically stable and that DCNO should be less reactive than PCNP. For both compounds, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis results support the existence of intermolecular electrostatic interactions in their organic crystalline salts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akbar Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department
of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Government College
University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aleksey E. Kuznetsov
- Departamento
de Química, Campus Santiago Vitacura, Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa María, Av. Santa María 6400, Vitacura 7660251, Chile
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61514, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Y. Sameeh
- Department
of Chemistry, Al Lieth University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Ali A, Ashfaq M, Din ZU, Ibrahim M, Khalid M, Assiri MA, Riaz A, Tahir MN, Rodrigues-Filho E, Imran M, Kuznetsov A. Synthesis, Structural, and Intriguing Electronic Properties of Symmetrical Bis-Aryl-α,β-Unsaturated Ketone Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39294-39309. [PMID: 36340158 PMCID: PMC9631725 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Three symmetrical bis-aryl-α,β-unsaturated ketone derivatives, 2,6-di((E)-benzylidene)-cyclohexan-1-one (DBC), 2,6-bis((E)-4-chlorobenzylidene)cyclohexan-1-one (BCC), and (1E,1'E,4E,4'E)-5,5'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(2-methyl-1-phenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one) (PBMP), have been prepared using the aldol condensation approach toward ketones having two enolizable sites. The structures of DBC, BCC, and PBMP have been resolved via spectrometric methods. Moreover, the crystal structure of PBMP is determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) technique, which revealed that the PBMP molecular assembly is stabilized by the intermolecular C-H···O bonding and C-O···π and weak T-shaped offset π···π stacking interactions. The Hirshfeld surface analysis (HSA) of the PBMP crystal structure was performed as well, and the results were compared with the results of DBC and BCC. The density functional theory (DFT) study results revealed that the longer conjugated molecule of PBMP has smaller but still quite significant HOMO-LUMO gaps compared to the smaller molecules of BCC and DBC. The natural population analysis (NPA) and natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis were performed. Accordingly, the hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions stabilize the crystal structures of these compounds. Additionally, the NBO analysis showed numerous high-energy stabilizing interactions for the PBMP compound due to the presence of numerous delocalized and relatively easily polarizable π-electrons, thus implying its significant thermodynamic stability. According to the global reactivity parameter (GRP) analysis, the compounds BCC and DBC are relatively stable in redox processes and have high thermodynamic stability and relatively lower reactivity in general. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis results imply potential formation of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding and dispersion interactions, which stabilizes the crystal structures of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department
of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha40100, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ud Din
- LaBioMMi,
Departamento de Química, Universidade
Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13.565-905São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Government College
University, Faisalabad38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan64200, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha61514, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arish Riaz
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Government College
University, Faisalabad38040, Pakistan
| | | | - Edson Rodrigues-Filho
- LaBioMMi,
Departamento de Química, Universidade
Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13.565-905São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha61514, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleksey Kuznetsov
- Departamento
de Química, Campus Santiago Vitacura, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Santa María 6400, Vitacura7660251, Chile
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5
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Danish M, Bibi A, Akhtar A, Noreen N, Batool F, Zahra N, Arshad MN, Asiri AM. Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of
N
‐ and
O
‐Alkylated Sulfonamides: Density Functional Theory, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, and Molecular Docking Studies. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Danish
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Bibi
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Arusa Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Nadia Noreen
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Fatima Batool
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Nallain Zahra
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Arshad
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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Ali A, Kuznetsov A, Ashfaq M, Tahir MN, Khalid M, Imran M, Irfan A. Synthesis, single-crystal exploration, and theoretical insights of arylsulfonylated 2-amino-6-methylpyrimidin derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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7
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Non-covalent interactions abetted supramolecular arrangements of N-Substituted benzylidene acetohydrazide to direct its solid-state network. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Khalid M, Ali A, Haq S, Tahir MN, Iqbal J, Braga AA, Ashfaq M, Akhtar SUH. O-4-Acetylamino-benzenesulfonylated pyrimidine derivatives: synthesis, SC-XRD, DFT analysis and electronic behaviour investigation. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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