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Hayyan A, Zainal-Abidin MH, Putra SSS, Alanazi YM, Saleh J, Nor MRM, Hashim MA, Gupta BS. Evaluation of biodegradability, toxicity and ecotoxicity of organic acid-based deep eutectic solvents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174758. [PMID: 39025152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, deep eutectic systems (DES) have become popular, yet their potential toxicity to living organisms is not well understood. This study fills this gap by examining the toxicity, antibacterial activity and biodegradability of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA)-based DESs prepared from ammonium or phosphonium salts. Brine shrimp assays revealed varying toxicity levels of PTSA and salts. Allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide showing the longest survival time among all tested salts while PTSA exhibited a significantly longer duration of cell survival compared to other hydrogen bond donors. PTSA and ammonium salts (N,N-diethylethanolammonium chloride and choline chloride) as individual components showed non-toxic behavior for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria while different PTSA-based DESs showed significant inhibition zones. Fish acute ecotoxicity tests indicated moderately toxicity for individual components and DESs, though higher concentrations increased fish mortality, highlighting the need for careful handling and disposal of PTSA-based DESs to the environment. Biodegradability analyses found all tested DESs to be readily biodegradable and it was reported that, DES 3 prepapred form PTSA and choline chloride has the highest biodegradability level. Notably, all tested DESs showed over 60 % biodegradability after 28 days. This groundbreaking study explores PTSA-based DESs, highlighting their biodegradability and potential use as antibacterial agents. Results revealed that PTSA as individual component is much better from toxicity point of view in comparison with PTSA-based DESs for any further industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeb Hayyan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Hamdi Zainal-Abidin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | | | - Yousef Mohammed Alanazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad Saleh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor
- Halal Research Group, Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ali Hashim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Bhaskar Sen Gupta
- Institute of Infrastructure and Environment, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
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Bedair HM, Samir TM, Mansour FR. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of natural deep eutectic solvents. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:198. [PMID: 38324052 PMCID: PMC10850035 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The increasing antibiotic resistance towards a panel of microorganisms is one of the public health concerns. For this reason, the search for alternatives to the widely used antibiotic has been undertaken. In the era of sustainable chemistry, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising antimicrobial agents. These solvents possess several advantages such as low volatility, low flammability, ease of preparation, and typically low cost of production. These properties make DES suitable for various applications, including extraction of biomolecules and preparation of cosmetics. Natural DESs (NADESs) are special category of DESs prepared from natural sources, which matched the recent trends of leaning back to nature, and decreasing dependence on synthetic precursors. NADES can be prepared by heating and stirring, freeze-drying, evaporation, grinding, and ultrasound-assisted and microwave-assisted synthesis. Utilizing NADESs as an alternative to traditional antibiotics, which become ineffective over time due to bacterial resistance, holds great promise for these reasons. This review aims to discuss the antimicrobial properties of multiple NADESs, including antibacterial and antifungal activities. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first literature survey of the antimicrobial activities of NADESs. KEY POINTS: • Natural deep eutectic solvents are promising antimicrobial alternative to antibiotics • NADES holds high potential for their activity against bacterial resistance • NADES have also substantial antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer M Bedair
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Samir
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Fotouh R Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elgeish Street, Tanta, 31111, Egypt.
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AlYammahi J, Darwish AS, Almustafa G, Lemaoui T, AlNashef IM, Hasan SW, Taher H, Banat F. Natural deep eutectic solvents for Ultrasonic-Assisted extraction of nutritious date Sugar: Molecular Screening, Experimental, and prediction. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106514. [PMID: 37421845 PMCID: PMC10359946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop an environmentally friendly and effective method for the extraction of nutritious date sugar using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE). The careful design of a suitable NADES-USAE system was systematically supported by COSMO-RS screening, response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Initially, 26 natural hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) were carefully screened for sugar affinity using COSMO-RS. The best performing HBDs were then used for the synthesis of 5 NADES using choline chloride (ChCl) as HBA. Among the synthesized NADES, the mixture of ChCl, citric acid (CA) and water (1:1:1 with 20 wt% water) resulted in the highest sugar yield of 78.30 ± 3.91 g/100 g, which is superior to conventional solvents such as water (29.92 ± 1.50 g/100 g). Further enhancements using RSM and ANN led to an even higher sugar recovery of 87.81 ± 2.61 g/100 g, at conditions of 30 °C, 45 min, and a solvent to DFP ratio of 40 mL/g. The method NADES-USAE was then compared with conventional hot water extraction (CHWE) (61.36 ± 3.06) and showed 43.1% higher sugar yield. The developed process not only improves the recovery of the nutritious date sugar but also preserves the heat-sensitive bioactive compounds in dates, making it an attractive alternative to CHWE for industrial utilization. Overall, this study shows a promising approach for the extraction of nutritive sugars from dates using environmentally friendly solvents and advanced technology. It also highlights the potential of this approach for valorizing underutilized fruits and preserving their bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher AlYammahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ahmad S Darwish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ghaiath Almustafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE)
| | - Tarek Lemaoui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Research & Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D Materials (RIC-2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Inas M AlNashef
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Research & Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D Materials (RIC-2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2) (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Shadi W Hasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Hanifa Taher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2) (RICH), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Liu M, Jiang H, An Y, Lin Y, Gao B. Ultrasonic Cell Grinder Extraction of Cyperenoic Acid from
Crotonis Crassifolii
Radix and the Activity Assay of the Extract. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- College of Physical Education and Training Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Hailong Jiang
- Qilu University of Technology Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instrument of Shandong Province Analysis and Test Centre Jinan Shandong Province 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yide An
- Tianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Yunliang Lin
- Qilu University of Technology Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instrument of Shandong Province Analysis and Test Centre Jinan Shandong Province 250014 P. R. China
| | - Binghong Gao
- College of Physical Education and Training Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
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Dazat RE, Vidal E, Lorenzetti AS, García CD, Domini C, Silva MF, Gomez FJV. On‐Site Preparation of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Solar Energy. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Elia Dazat
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Vidal
- INQUISUR Departamento de Química Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Argentina
| | - Anabela S. Lorenzetti
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
- Departamento de Química Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Argentina
| | - Carlos D. García
- Department of Chemistry Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd. Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Claudia Domini
- INQUISUR Departamento de Química Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Argentina
| | - María F. Silva
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
| | - Federico J. V. Gomez
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
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Marchel M, Cieśliński H, Boczkaj G. Deep eutectic solvents microbial toxicity: Current state of art and critical evaluation of testing methods. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127963. [PMID: 34896723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were described at the beginning of 21st century and they consist of a mixture of two or more solid components, which gives rise to a lower melting point compared to the starting materials. Over the years, DESs have proved to be a promising alternative to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) due to their low volatility, low inflammability, easy preparation, and usually low cost of compounds used in their preparation. All these properties encouraged researchers to use them in diverse fields and applications e.g., as extractants for biomolecules and solvents in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Nevertheless, despite undeniable potential of DESs, there is still controversy about their toxicity. Besides the low number of studies on this topic, there are also some contradicting reports on biocompatibility of these solvents. Such misleading reports could be mainly attributed to the lack of well design standard protocol for DESs toxicity determination or the use of out-off-purpose methodology. Thus, to better apply DESs in green and sustainable chemistry, more studies on their impact on organisms at different trophic levels and the use of proper techniques are required. This review focuses on DESs toxicity towards microorganisms and is divided into three parts: The first part provides a brief general introduction to DESs, the second part discusses the methodologies used for assessment of DESs microbial toxicity and the obtained results, and finally in the third part the critical evaluation of the methods is provided, as well as suggestions and guidelines for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Marchel
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Hubert Cieśliński
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; EkoTech Center, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
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