Jourshabani M, Asrami MR, Lee BK. Advanced Functional Carbon Nitride by Implanting Semi-Isolated VO
2 Active Sites for Photocatalytic H
2 Production and Organic Pollutant Degradation.
SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300147. [PMID:
37026686 DOI:
10.1002/smll.202300147]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
It is critical to facilitate surface interaction for liquid-solid two-phase photocatalytic reactions. This study demonstrates more advanced, efficient, and rich molecular-level active sites to extend the performance of carbon nitride (CN). To achieve this, semi-isolated vanadium dioxide is obtained by controlling the growth of non-crystalline VO2 anchored into sixfold cavities of the CN lattice. As a proof-of-concept, the experimental and computational results solidly corroborate that this atomic-level design has potentially taken full advantage of two worlds. The photocatalyst comprises the highest dispersion of catalytic sites with the lowest aggregation, like single-atom catalysts. It also demonstrates accelerated charge transfer with the boosted electron-hole pairs, mimicking heterojunction photocatalysts. Density functional theory calculations show that single-site VO2 anchored into the sixfold cavities significantly elevates the Fermi level, compared with the typical heterojunction. The unique features of semi-isolated sites result in a high visible-light photocatalytic H2 production of 645 µmol h-1 g-1 with only 1 wt% Pt. They also represent an excellent photocatalytic degradation for rhodamine B as well as tetracycline, surpassing the activities obtained from many conventional heterojunctions. This study presents exciting opportunities for the design of new heterogeneous metal oxide for a variety of reactions.
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