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Mohan A, Rajan PP, Kumar P, Jayakumar D, Mini M, Asha S, Vaikkathillam P. Theophylline as a quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chromobacterium violaceum. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:1457-1471. [PMID: 38342794 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is pivotal in coordinating virulence factors and biofilm formation in various pathogenic bacteria, making it a prime target for disrupting bacterial communication. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of the "ESKAPE" group of bacterial pathogens known for their association with antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation. The current antibiotic arsenal falls short of addressing biofilm-related infections effectively, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents. In this study, we explored the anti-QS and anti-biofilm properties of theophylline against two significant pathogens, Chromobacterium violaceum and P. aeruginosa. The production of violacein, pyocyanin, rhamnolipid, and protease was carried out, along with the evaluation of biofilm formation through methods including crystal violet staining, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride assay, and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, computational analyses were conducted to predict the targets of theophylline in the QS pathways of P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum. Our study demonstrated that theophylline effectively inhibits QS activity and biofilm formation in C. violaceum and P. aeruginosa. In P. aeruginosa, theophylline inhibited the production of key virulence factors, including pyocyanin, rhamnolipid, protease, and biofilm formation. The computational analyses suggest that theophylline exhibits robust binding affinity to CviR in C. violaceum and RhlR in P. aeruginosa, key participants in the QS-mediated biofilm pathways. Furthermore, theophylline also displays promising interactions with LasR and QscR in P. aeruginosa. Our study highlights theophylline as a versatile anti-QS agent and offers a promising avenue for future research to develop novel therapeutic strategies against biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Mohan
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India
| | - Pooja P Rajan
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India.
| | - Devi Jayakumar
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India
| | - Minsa Mini
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India
| | - Sneha Asha
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India
| | - Parvathi Vaikkathillam
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, -695014, Kerala, India
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Ataollahi E, Solhjoo A, Rezaei Z, Behrouz M, Heidari R, Shahbazi MR, Foroozanad R, Zamani L, Khabnadideh S, Emami L. Novel 1,4 benzothiazine 3-one derivatives as anticonvulsant agents: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and computational studies. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 104:107870. [PMID: 37099900 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two series of novel 1,4-benzothiazine-3-one derivatives with alkyl substitution (series 1: 4a-4f) and aryl substitution (series 2: 4g-4l) were designed and synthesized based on the chemical scaffolds of perampanel, hydantoins, progabide and etifoxine as anti-convulsant agents. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Anti-convulsant effect of the compounds was examined through intraperitoneal pentylenetetrazol (i.p. PTZ) induced epilepsy mouse models. Compound 4h (4-(4-bromo-benzyl)- 4 H-benzo[b] [1,4] thiazin-3(4 H)-one) demonstrated a promising activity toward chemically-induced seizure experiment. Molecular dynamics simulation on GABA-Aergic receptors as a plausible mechanism were also done to achieve the binding and orientation of compounds in the active site of the target to evaluate the results of docking and experimental studies. The computational results were confirmed the biological activity. DFT study of 4c and 4h was performed on B3LYP/6-311 G** level of theory. Reactivity descriptors such as HOMO, LUMO, electron affinity, ionization potential, chemical potential, hardness and softness were studied in detail and show that 4h has higher activity than 4c. Also, the frequency calculations were performed on the same level of theory and the results are in line with experimental data. Moreover, in silico ADMET properties were done to establish a relationship between the physiochemical data of the designed compounds and their in-vivo activity. Appropriate plasma protein binding and high blood-brain barrier penetration are the main features of desired in-vivo performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Ataollahi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Aida Solhjoo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Marzieh Behrouz
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shahbazi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Foroozanad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Leila Zamani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Soghra Khabnadideh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Leila Emami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Zare S, Ramezani Z, Ghadiri AA, Fereidoonnezhad M. Synthesis of N‐(2‐(tert‐Butylamino)‐2‐oxoethyl)‐2,2‐dichloro‐N‐aryl(alkyl)acetamides as Anticancer Agents: Molecular Modeling and Biological Evaluations. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Zare
- Cancer Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Ramezani
- Cancer Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Ata A. Ghadiri
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
| | - Masood Fereidoonnezhad
- Cancer Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran
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Faghih Z, Khabnadideh S, Sakhteman A, Shirazi AK, Yari HA, Chatraei A, Rezaei Z, Sadeghian S. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling studies of novel carbazole-benzylpiperazine hybrids as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Emami L, Sadeghian S, Mojaddami A, khabnadideh S, Sakhteman A, Sadeghpour H, Faghih Z, Fereidoonnezhad M, Rezaei Z. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as promising anticancer agents. BMC Chem 2022; 16:91. [DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHerein, we reported the synthesis of nineteen novel 1,2,4-triazole derivatives including 1,3-diphenyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-1-ones (7a-e), 1-(1,3-diphenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole (8a-c) and 1,4-diphenyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) butane-1,4-diones (10a-k). The structures of these derivatives were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques like IR, 1H-NMR, Mass spectroscopy and Elemental analysis. The cytotoxic activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines including MCF-7, Hela and A549 using MTT assay. Compounds 7d, 7e, 10a and 10d showed a promising cytotoxic activity lower than 12 μM against Hela cell line. The safety of these compounds was also, evaluated on MRC-5 as a normal cell line and relieved that most of the synthesized compounds have proper selectivity against normal and cytotoxic cancerous cell lines. Finally, molecular docking studies were also, done to understand the mechanism and binding modes of these derivatives in the binding pocket of aromatase enzyme as a possible target.
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1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Novel and Potent Antifungal Agents: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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