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Aminpour H, Eng LM, Kehr SC. Spatially confined vector fields at material-induced resonances in near-field-coupled systems. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:32316-32330. [PMID: 33114920 DOI: 10.1364/oe.402893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Local electric fields play the key role in near-field optical examinations and are especially appealing when exploring heterogeneous or even anisotropic nano-systems. Scattering-type near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is the most commonly used method applied to explore and quantify such confined electric fields at the nanometer length scale: while most works so far did focus on analyzing the z-component oriented perpendicular to the sample surface under p-polarized tip/sample illumination only, recent experimental efforts in s-SNOM report that material resonant excitation might equally allow to probe in-plane electric field components. We thus explore this local vector-field behavior for a simple particle-tip/substrate system by comparing our parametric simulations based on finite element modelling at mid-IR wavelengths, to the standard analytical tip-dipole model. Notably, we analyze all the 4 different combinations for resonant and non-resonant tip and/or sample excitation. Besides the 3-dimensional field confinement under the particle tip present for all scenarios, it is particularly the resonant sample excitations that enable extremely strong field enhancements associated with vector fields pointing along all cartesian coordinates, even without breaking the tip/sample symmetry! In fact, in-plane (s-) resonant sample excitation exceeds the commonly-used p-polarized illumination on non-resonant samples by more than 6 orders of magnitude. Moreover, a variety of different spatial field distributions is found both at and within the sample surface, ranging from electric fields that are oriented strictly perpendicular to the sample surface, to fields that spatially rotate into different directions. Our approach shows that accessing the full vector fields in order to quantify all tensorial properties in nanoscale and modern-type materials lies well within the possibilities and scope of today's s-SNOM technique.
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Handschuh-Wang S, Wang T, Zhou X. Recent advances in hybrid measurement methods based on atomic force microscopy and surface sensitive measurement techniques. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08515j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summaries the recent progress of the combination of optical and non-optical surface sensitive techniques with the atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Handschuh-Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518060
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518060
- P. R. China
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Valmalette JC, Tan Z, Abe H, Ohara S. Raman scattering of linear chains of strongly coupled Ag nanoparticles on SWCNTs. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5238. [PMID: 24912409 PMCID: PMC4050379 DOI: 10.1038/srep05238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We compare the Raman scattering properties of hybrid nanostructures consisting of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) in disordered and aligned arrangements on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as a result of chemical and photoreduction methods. In the latter case, the unique structure of the very small Ag NP (from 4 to 7 nm) chains generated an extremely large mode at 969 cm(-1) that was assigned to the sulphate-silver interaction at the NP surface. Another strong mode was present at 1201 cm(-1) and was assigned to an IR-active mode of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS); this mode was observed because the symmetry changes altered the selection rules. We demonstrate that both the UV photoreduction of silver and the presence of SWCNTs are necessary to produce this very strong Raman scattering. The Raman modes of the SWCNTs are also significantly modified by the presence of Ag NP chains along the nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Valmalette
- Université de Toulon, BP 20132, F-83957 La Garde Cedex, France
- CNRS, IM2NP (UMR 7334), BP 20132, F-83957 La Garde Cedex, France
| | - Zhenquan Tan
- Osaka University, Joining & Welding Research Institute, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan
| | - Hiroya Abe
- Osaka University, Joining & Welding Research Institute, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohara
- Osaka University, Joining & Welding Research Institute, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan
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Abstract
Tip-enhanced near-field optical microscopy (TENOM) is a scanning probe technique capable of providing a broad range of spectroscopic information on single objects and structured surfaces at nanometer spatial resolution and with highest detection sensitivity. In this review, we first illustrate the physical principle of TENOM that utilizes the antenna function of a sharp probe to efficiently couple light to excitations on nanometer length scales. We then discuss the antenna-induced enhancement of different optical sample responses including Raman scattering, fluorescence, generation of photocurrent and electroluminescence. Different experimental realizations are presented and several recent examples that demonstrate the capabilities of the technique are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mauser
- Department Chemie & CeNS, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany.
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Schulz O, Zhao Z, Ward A, Koenig M, Koberling F, Liu Y, Enderlein J, Yan H, Ros R. Tip induced fluorescence quenching for nanometer optical and topographical resolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/2192-2853-2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Progress in nanosciences and life sciences is closely related to developments of high resolution imaging techniques. We introduce a technique which produces correlated topography and fluorescence lifetime images with nanometer resolution. Spot sizes below 5 nm are achieved by quenching of the fluorescence with silicon probes of an atomic force microscope which is combined and synchronized with a confocal fluorescence lifetime microscope. Moreover, we demonstrate the ability to locate and resolve the position of two fluorescent molecules separated by 20.7 nm on a DNA origami triangle with 120 nm side length by correlating topography and fluorescence data. With this method, we anticipate applications in nano- and life sciences, such as the determination of the structure of macromolecular assemblies on surfaces, molecular interactions, as well as the structure and function of nanomaterials.
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Harder A, Dieding M, Walhorn V, Degenhard S, Brodehl A, Wege C, Milting H, Anselmetti D. Apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy of sparsely labeled tobacco mosaic viruses and the intermediate filament desmin. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 4:510-6. [PMID: 24062977 PMCID: PMC3778390 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.4.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Both fluorescence imaging and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are highly versatile and extensively used in applications ranging from nanotechnology to life sciences. In fluorescence microscopy luminescent dyes serve as position markers. Moreover, they can be used as active reporters of their local vicinity. The dipolar coupling of the tip with the incident light and the fluorophore give rise to a local field and fluorescence enhancement. AFM topographic imaging allows for resolutions down to the atomic scale. It can be operated in vacuum, under ambient conditions and in liquids. This makes it ideal for the investigation of a wide range of different samples. Furthermore an illuminated AFM cantilever tip apex exposes strongly confined non-propagating electromagnetic fields that can serve as a coupling agent for single dye molecules. Thus, combining both techniques by means of apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy (aSNOM) enables concurrent high resolution topography and fluorescence imaging. Commonly, among the various (apertureless) SNOM approaches metallic or metallized probes are used. Here, we report on our custom-built aSNOM setup, which uses commercially available monolithic silicon AFM cantilevers. The field enhancement confined to the tip apex facilitates an optical resolution down to 20 nm. Furthermore, the use of standard mass-produced AFM cantilevers spares elaborate probe production or modification processes. We investigated tobacco mosaic viruses and the intermediate filament protein desmin. Both are mixed complexes of building blocks, which are fluorescently labeled to a low degree. The simultaneous recording of topography and fluorescence data allows for the exact localization of distinct building blocks within the superordinate structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Harder
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mareike Dieding
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Volker Walhorn
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sven Degenhard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Brodehl
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development (EHKI), Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Georgstraße 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, T2N4Z6, AB, Canada
| | - Christina Wege
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hendrik Milting
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development (EHKI), Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Georgstraße 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Dario Anselmetti
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Blum C, Schleifenbaum F, Stopel M, Peter S, Sackrow M, Subramaniam V, Meixner AJ. Room temperature excitation spectroscopy of single quantum dots. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 2:516-24. [PMID: 22003458 PMCID: PMC3190622 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.2.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a single molecule detection scheme to investigate excitation spectra of single emitters at room temperature. We demonstrate the potential of single emitter photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy by recording excitation spectra of single CdSe nanocrystals over a wide spectral range of 100 nm. The spectra exhibit emission intermittency, characteristic of single emitters. We observe large variations in the spectra close to the band edge, which represent the individual heterogeneity of the observed quantum dots. We also find specific excitation wavelengths for which the single quantum dots analyzed show an increased propensity for a transition to a long-lived dark state. We expect that the additional capability of recording excitation spectra at room temperature from single emitters will enable insights into the photophysics of emitters that so far have remained inaccessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Blum
- Nanobiophysics Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Schleifenbaum
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology, Biophysical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martijn Stopel
- Nanobiophysics Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sébastien Peter
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology, Biophysical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Sackrow
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- present address: Picoquant GmbH, Rudower Chaussee 29, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vinod Subramaniam
- Nanobiophysics Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a high-resolution scanning-probe instrument which has become an important tool for cellular and molecular biophysics in recent years, but lacks the time resolution and functional specificities offered by fluorescence microscopic techniques. The advantages of both methods may be exploited by combining and synchronizing them. In this paper, the biological applications of AFM, fluorescence, and their combinations are briefly reviewed, and the assembly and utilization of a spatially and temporally synchronized AFM and total internal reflection fluorescence microscope are described. The application of the method is demonstrated on a fluorescently labeled cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós S Z Kellermayer
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Walhorn V, Paskarbeit J, Frey HG, Harder A, Anselmetti D. Distance dependence of near-field fluorescence enhancement and quenching of single quantum dots. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 2:645-52. [PMID: 22003470 PMCID: PMC3190634 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.2.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy, energy transfer processes between single fluorophores and fluorophore quencher pairs play an important role in the investigation of molecular distances or orientations. At distances larger than about 3 nm these effects originate predominantly from dipolar coupling. As these experiments are commonly performed in homogenous media, effects at the interface boundaries can be neglected. Nevertheless, the combination of such assays with single-molecule manipulation techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) requires a detailed understanding of the influence of interfaces on dipolar coupling effects. In the presented work we used a combined total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM)-AFM setup to elucidate this issue. We measured the fluorescence emission emanating from single quantum dots as a function of distance from the apex of a gold-coated cantilever tip. As well as fluorescence quenching at close proximity to the tip, we found a nonlinear and nonmonotonic distance dependence of the fluorescence emission. To confirm and interpret our findings we performed calculations on the basis of a simplified multiple multipole (MMP) approach, which successfully supports our experimental data. Moreover, we revealed and quantified the influence of interfering processes such as field enhancement confined at interface boundaries, mirror dipoles and (resonant) dipolar coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Walhorn
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jan Paskarbeit
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Heinrich Gotthard Frey
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alexander Harder
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Dario Anselmetti
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanosciences, Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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10
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Kameyama T, Ohno Y, Kurimoto T, Okazaki KI, Uematsu T, Kuwabata S, Torimoto T. Size control and immobilization of gold nanoparticles stabilized in an ionic liquid on glass substrates for plasmonic applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:1804-11. [DOI: 10.1039/b914230d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Lee SY, Nakaya K, Hayashi T, Hara M. Quantitative study of the gold-enhanced fluorescence of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals as a function of distance using an AFM probe. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:4403-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b819903e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hou Y, Ye J, Gui Z, Zhang G. Temperature-modulated photoluminescence of quantum dots. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:9682-9685. [PMID: 18642864 DOI: 10.1021/la800312u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots (QDs) grafted with thermoresponsive poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) chains have been prepared. As the temperature increases, PNIPAM chains shrink and aggregate so that the QDs exhibit enhanced fluorescence emission. At a temperature around the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM, the fluorescence exhibits a maximum intensity. Our experiments reveal that the fluorescence emission is determined by the interactions between QDs as a function of the interdot distance. The optical interdot distance for the maximum luminescence intensity is approximately 10 nm. The chain length of PNIPAM also has an effect on the luminescence. Short PNIPAM chains are difficult to associate, leading to a large interdot distance, so that the luminescence intensity changes slightly with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China
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Kim T, Myung S, Kim TH, Hong S. Robust single-nanoparticle probe for contact-mode analysis and dip-pen nanolithography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:1072-1075. [PMID: 18651711 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200701102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taekyeong Kim
- School of Physics, Seoul National University NS50 Shilim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Macedo AG, Ananias D, André PS, Sá Ferreira RA, Kholkin AL, Carlos LD, Rocha J. Functionalization of atomic force microscope tips by dielectrophoretic assembly of Gd(2)O(3):Eu(3+) nanorods. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:295702. [PMID: 21730607 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/29/295702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip has been coated with photoluminescent Eu(3+)-doped Gd(2)O(3) nanorods using a dielectrophoresis technique, which preserves the red emission of the nanorods (quantum yield 0.47). The performance of the modified tips has been tested by using them for regular topography imaging in tapping and contact modes. Both a regular AFM standard grid and a patterned surface (of an organic-inorganic methacrylate Zr-based oxo-cluster and poly(oxyethylene)/siloxane hybrid) have been used. Similar depth values have been measured using a conventional silicon tip and the nanorod-modified tip. The tips before and after use exhibit similar SEM images and photoluminescence spectra and, thus, seem to be stable under working conditions. These tips should find applications in scanning near-field optical microscopy and other scanning techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia G Macedo
- Department of Physics, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Pons T, Medintz IL, Sapsford KE, Higashiya S, Grimes AF, English DS, Mattoussi H. On the quenching of semiconductor quantum dot photoluminescence by proximal gold nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2007; 7:3157-64. [PMID: 17845066 DOI: 10.1021/nl071729+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent quantum dots (QDs) were proven to be very effective fluorescence resonance energy transfer donors with an array of organic dye acceptors, and several fluorescence resonance energy transfer based biosensing assemblies utilizing QDs have been demonstrated in the past few years. Conversely, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are known for their capacity to induce strong fluorescence quenching of conventional dye donors. Using a rigid variable-length polypeptide as a bifunctional biological linker, we monitor the photoluminescence quenching of CdSe-ZnS QDs by Au-NP acceptors arrayed around the QD surface, where the center-to-center separation distance was varied over a broad range of values (approximately 50-200 Angstrom). We measure the Au-NP-induced quenching rates for such QD conjugates using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements and examine the results within the context of theoretical treatments based on the Förster dipole-dipole resonance energy transfer, dipole-metal particle energy transfer, and nanosurface energy transfer. Our results indicate that nonradiative quenching of the QD emission by proximal Au-NPs is due to long-distance dipole-metal interactions that extend significantly beyond the classical Förster range, in agreement with previous studies using organic dye-Au-NP donor-acceptor pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pons
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Division of Optical Sciences, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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