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Ramli A, Khairul Anuar NASI, Bakhtiar NAA, Mohamad Yunus N, Mohamed AR. Direct Oxidation of Hibiscus cannabinus Stalks to Vanillin Using CeO 2 Nanostructure Catalysts. Molecules 2023; 28:4963. [PMID: 37446622 PMCID: PMC10343839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomass lignin can be used to produce vanillin through an oxidation process. Although its purity is high, the processing time and separation efficiency are not ideal. This research aims to produce vanillin directly from Kenaf stalks without separating the lignin first from the lignocellulosic biomass. This method is greener because it does not require the separation of cellulose and hemicellulose from the biomass, thus minimizing the use of acid and alkaline solutions and saving time. A high oxygen storage capacity and release capacity of ceria as an oxidation catalyst contribute to the reversable redox properties between Ce4+ and Ce3+ in ceria lattice. Cerium oxide nanostructures were synthesized using a hydrothermal method treated under alkaline NaOH, followed by drying at 120 °C for 16 h and calcining at different temperatures between 400 and 600 °C for the direct oxidation of Kenaf stalks to vanillin under microwave irradiation. The catalysts were characterized for their physicochemical properties using XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and TEM. All synthesized CeO2 nanostructures showed the presence of diffraction peaks assigned to the presence of cubic fluorite. The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms showed that all catalysts possess a Type IV isotherm, indicating a mesoporous structure. The TEM image shows the uniform shape of the CeO2 nanostructures, while HRTEM images show that the CeO2 nanostructures are single-crystalline in nature. All catalysts were tested for the direct oxidation of Kenaf stalks using H2O2 as the oxidizing agent in temperatures ranging from 160 to 180 °C for 10-30 min with 0.1-0.3 g catalyst loading under 100-500 W of microwave irradiation. The CeO2-Nps-400 catalyst produced the highest vanillin yields of 3.84% and 4.32% for the direct oxidation of Kenaf stalks and extraction of lignin from Kenaf stalks, respectively. Compared to our earlier study, the highest vanillin yields of 2.90% and 3.70% for direct biomass and extracted lignin were achieved using a Ce/MgO catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ramli
- HICoE Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.A.S.I.K.A.); (N.A.A.B.)
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Akila Syakida Idayu Khairul Anuar
- HICoE Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.A.S.I.K.A.); (N.A.A.B.)
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Aielia Amira Bakhtiar
- HICoE Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.A.S.I.K.A.); (N.A.A.B.)
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Normawati Mohamad Yunus
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
- Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Institute of Contaminant Management for Oil and Gas, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Alina Rahayu Mohamed
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, UniMAP, Complex of Academics Jejawi 3, Jejawi, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia;
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Abstract
The preferential CO oxidation (so-called CO-PROX) is the selective CO oxidation amid H2-rich atmospheres, a process where ceria-based materials are consolidated catalysts. This article aims to disentangle the potential CO–H2 synergism under CO-PROX conditions on the low-index ceria surfaces (111), (110) and (100). Polycrystalline ceria, nanorods and ceria nanocubes were prepared to assess the physicochemical features of the targeted surfaces. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transformed spectroscopy (DRIFTS) shows that ceria surfaces are strongly carbonated even at room temperature by the effect of CO, with their depletion related to the CO oxidation onset. Conversely, formate species formed upon OH + CO interaction appear at temperatures around 60 °C and remain adsorbed regardless the reaction degree, indicating that these species do not take part in the CO oxidation. Density functional theory calculations (DFT) reveal that ceria facets exhibit high OH coverages all along the CO-PROX reaction, whilst CO is only chemisorbed on the (110) termination. A CO oxidation mechanism that explains the early formation of carbonates on ceria and the effect of the OH coverage in the overall catalytic cycle is proposed. In short, hydroxyl groups induce surface defects on ceria that increase the COx–catalyst interaction, revealed by the CO adsorption energies and the stabilization of intermediates and readsorbed products. In addition, high OH coverages are shown to facilitate the hydrogen transfer to form less stable HCOx products, which, in the case of the (110) and (100), is key to prevent surface poisoning. Altogether, this work sheds light on the yet unclear CO–H2 interactions on ceria surfaces during CO-PROX reaction, providing valuable insights to guide the design of more efficient reactors and catalysts for this process.
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Małecka MA, Woźniak P. Hierarchical macroparticles of ceria with tube-like shape – synthesis and properties. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00755f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical organization of CeO2 nanoparticles into tube-like macroparticles has a great influence on the properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata A. Małecka
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wrocław 2, Poland
| | - Piotr Woźniak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wrocław 2, Poland
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Yan H, Liu Z, Yang S, Yu X, Liu T, Guo Q, Li J, Wang R, Peng Q. Stable and Catalytically Active Shape-Engineered Cerium Oxide Nanorods by Controlled Doping of Aluminum Cations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37774-37783. [PMID: 32814399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Shape-engineered nanocrystals (SENs) promise a better selectivity and a higher activity in catalytic reactions than the corresponding non-shape-engineered ones because of their larger specific surface areas and desirable crystal facets. However, often, it is challenging to apply SENs in practical catalytic applications at high reaction temperatures, where SENs deforms into more stable, less active nanoparticles. In this paper, we show that atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 at 200 °C can controllably dope Al cations into the shape-engineered CeO2 nanorods (NRs) to not only increase their shape transition temperature from 400 °C to beyond 700 °C but also greatly increase their specific reversible oxygen storage capacity (srOSC). The substituted Al3+ ions impede the surface diffusion of Ce ions and therefore improve the thermal stability of CeO2 NRs. These Al3+ dopants form -Al-O-Ce-O- clusters, which are new Ce species and can be reversibly reduced and oxidized at 500-700 °C. This low-temperature chemical doping method decouples the synthesis process of SENs from the doping process and maintains the shape of the SENs during the activation of dopants. This concept could be adopted to enable the applications of other SENs in challenging high-temperature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Shize Yang
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6071, United States
| | - Xiaozhou Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Qianying Guo
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6071, United States
| | - Junhao Li
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Ruigang Wang
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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Al-Darwish J, Senter M, Lawson S, Rezaei F, Rownaghi AA. Ceria nanostructured catalysts for conversion of methanol and carbon dioxide to dimethyl carbonate. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
A Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) can be an effective solution to abate the particulate matter produced in modern direct injection gasoline engines. The regeneration of this system is critical, since it occurs in oxygen deficiency, but it can be promoted by placing an appropriate catalyst on the filter walls. In this paper, a nanostructured equimolar ceria-praseodymia catalyst, obtained via hydrothermal synthesis, was characterized with complementary techniques (XRD, N2-physisorption, FESEM, XPS, Temperature Programmed Reduction, etc.) and its catalytic performances were investigated in low oxygen availability. Pr-doping significantly affected ceria structure and morphology, and the weakening of the cerium–oxygen bond associated to Pr insertion resulted in a high reducibility. The catalytic activity was explored considering different reactions, namely CO oxidation, ethylene and propylene total oxidation, and soot combustion. Thanks to its capability of releasing active oxygen species, ceria-praseodymia exhibited a remarkable activity and CO2-selectivity at low oxygen concentrations, proving to be a promising catalyst for coated GPFs.
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Tsukiyama K, Takasaki M, Oaki Y, Imai H. Evolution of Co 3O 4 Nanocubes through Stepwise Oriented Attachment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8025-8030. [PMID: 31145617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Uniformly sized building units are generally required to construct highly elaborate architectures over a wide range. Defined nanocubes of Co3O4 evolved from deformed precursor nanograins 2-5 nm in diameter through direct oriented attachment in a nonpolar medium. Uniformly sized primary nanocubes ∼8 nm on a side with {100} faces were formed by adjusting the coverage of the oxide nanograins with oleic acid. Larger nanocubes 20-40 nm on a side were produced with further direct oriented attachment of the primary nanocubes. Ordered arrays, such as superlattices, were found to be constructed by the indirect oriented attachment of the primary and larger nanocubes covered with organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Tsukiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku , Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Mihiro Takasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku , Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku , Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku , Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
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Małecka MA. The Phosphates - Skipped Reaction Products in the Octahedron-like Yb and Lu-Doped Ceria Synthesis. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Małecka
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research PAS, P.O. Box 1410; 50-950 Wrocław 2
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Zhang L, Meng J, Yao F, Zhang W, Liu X, Meng J, Zhang H. Insight into the Mechanism of the Ionic Conductivity for Ln-Doped Ceria (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) through First-Principles Calculation. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12690-12696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Junling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Fen Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Liu B, Li W, Song W, Liu J. Carbonate-mediated Mars–van Krevelen mechanism for CO oxidation on cobalt-doped ceria catalysts: facet-dependence and coordination-dependence. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16045-16059. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01694a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facet-dependent carbonate-mediated CO oxidation mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- P. R. China
| | - Weiyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum-Beijing
- Beijing 102249
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum-Beijing
- Beijing 102249
- P. R. China
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Soot Combustion over Nanostructured Ceria with Different Morphologies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29062. [PMID: 27353143 PMCID: PMC4926248 DOI: 10.1038/srep29062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, nano-structure ceria with three different morphologies (nanorod, nanoparticle and flake) have been prepared by hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. The ceria samples were deeply characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, H2-TPR, XPS and in-situ DRIFTS, and tested for soot combustion in absence/presence NO atmospheres under loose and tight contact conditions. The prepared ceria samples exhibit excellent catalytic activities, especially, the CeO2 with nanorod (Ce-R) shows the best catalytic activity, for which the peak temperature of soot combustion (Tm) is about 500 and 368 °C in loose and tight contact conditions, respectively. The catalytic activity for Ce-R is higher than that of the reported CeO2 catalysts and reaches a level that of precious metals. The characterization results reveal that the maximal amounts of adsorbed oxygen species on the surface of the nanostructure Ce-R catalyst should be the crucial role to decide the catalytic soot performance. High BET surface area may also be a positive effect on soot oxidation activity under loose contact conditions.
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Yan N, Pandey J, Zeng Y, Amirkhiz BS, Hua B, Geels NJ, Luo JL, Rothenberg G. Developing a Thermal- and Coking-Resistant Cobalt–Tungsten Bimetallic Anode Catalyst for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yan
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098XH, The Netherlands
| | - Jay Pandey
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098XH, The Netherlands
| | - Yimin Zeng
- CanmetMATERIALS,
Natural Resources Canada, Hamilton, Ontario L8P 0A5, Canada
| | - Babak S. Amirkhiz
- CanmetMATERIALS,
Natural Resources Canada, Hamilton, Ontario L8P 0A5, Canada
| | - Bin Hua
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Norbert J. Geels
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098XH, The Netherlands
| | - Jing-Li Luo
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Gadi Rothenberg
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098XH, The Netherlands
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