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Nan L, Zhang H, Weitz DA, Shum HC. Development and future of droplet microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1135-1153. [PMID: 38165829 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00729d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, advances in droplet-based microfluidics have facilitated new approaches to process and analyze samples with unprecedented levels of precision and throughput. A wide variety of applications has been inspired across multiple disciplines ranging from materials science to biology. Understanding the dynamics of droplets enables optimization of microfluidic operations and design of new techniques tailored to emerging demands. In this review, we discuss the underlying physics behind high-throughput generation and manipulation of droplets. We also summarize the applications in droplet-derived materials and droplet-based lab-on-a-chip biotechnology. In addition, we offer perspectives on future directions to realize wider use of droplet microfluidics in industrial production and biomedical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Nan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huidan Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - David A Weitz
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Cheung Shum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Mazetyte-Stasinskiene R, Freiberger E, Täuscher E, Köhler JM. Four-Level Structural Hierarchy: Microfluidically Supported Synthesis of Polymer Particle Architectures Incorporating Fluorescence-Labeled Components and Metal Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8794-8804. [PMID: 35833738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical assemblies of functional polymer particles are promising due to their surface as well as physicochemical properties. However, hierarchical composites are complex and challenging to form due to the many steps necessary for integrating different components into one system. Highly structured four-level composite particles were formed in a four-step process. First of all, gold (Au) nanoparticles, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles, and poly(tripropylene glycol diacrylate) (poly-TPGDA) microparticles were individually synthesized. By applying microfluidic techniques, polymer nano- and microparticles were formed with tunable size and surface properties. Afterwards, the negatively charged gold nanoparticles and PMMA particles functionalized with a positively charged surface were mixed to form Au/PMMA assemblies. The Au/PMMA composites were mixed and incubated with poly-TPGDA microparticles to form ternary Au/PMMA/poly-TPGDA assemblies. For the formation of composite-containing microparticles, Au/PMMA/poly-TPGDA composites were dispersed in an aqueous acrylamide-methylenebisacrylamide solution. Monomer droplets were formed in a co-flow microfluidic device and photopolymerized by UV light. In this way, hierarchically structured four-level composites consisting of four different size ranges─0.025/0.8/30/1000 μm─were obtained. By functionalizing polymer nano- and microparticles with different fluorescent dyes, it was possible to visualize the same composite particle under two different excitation modes (λex = 395-440 and λex = 510-560 nm). The Au/PMMA/poly-TPGDA composite-embedded polyacrylamide microparticles can be potentially used as a model for the creation of composite particles for sensing, catalysis, multilabeling, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raminta Mazetyte-Stasinskiene
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Group for Physical Chemistry/Microreaction Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Emma Freiberger
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Chemistry Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Eric Täuscher
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Chemistry Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Johann Michael Köhler
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioengineering, Group for Physical Chemistry/Microreaction Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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3
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Textured and Hierarchically Constructed Polymer Micro- and Nanoparticles. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112110421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic techniques allow for the tailored construction of specific microparticles, which are becoming increasingly interesting and relevant. Here, using a microfluidic hole-plate-device and thermal-initiated free radical polymerization, submicrometer polymer particles with a highly textured surface were synthesized. Two types of monomers were applied: (1) methylmethacrylate (MMA) combined with crosslinkers and (2) divinylbenzene (DVB). Surface texture and morphology can be influenced by a series of parameters such as the monomer–crosslinker–solvent composition, surfactants, and additives. Generally, the most structured surfaces with the simultaneously most uniform particles were obtained in the DVB–toluene–nonionic-tensides system. In a second approach, poly-MMA (PMMA) particles were used to build aggregates with bigger polymer particles. For this purpose, tripropyleneglycolediacrylate (TPGDA) particles were synthesized in a microfluidic co-flow arrangement and polymerized by light- irradiation. Then, PMMA particles were assembled at their surface. In a third step, these composites were dispersed in an aqueous acrylamide–methylenebisacrylamide solution, which again was run through a co-flow-device and photopolymerized. As such, entities consisting of particles of three different size ranges—typically 0.7/30/600 µm—were obtained. The particles synthesized by both approaches are potentially suitable for loading with or incorporation of analytic probes or catalysts such as dyes or metals.
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4
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Zhou Y, Huang X, Hu X, Tong W, Leng Y, Xiong Y. Recent advances in colorimetry/fluorimetry-based dual-modal sensing technologies. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113386. [PMID: 34119839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tailored to the increasing demands for sensing technologies, the fabrication of dual-modal sensing technologies through combining two signal transduction channels into one method has been proposed and drawn considerable attention. The integration of two sensing signals not only promotes the analytical efficiency with reduced assumption, but also improves the analytical performances with enlarged detection linear range, enhanced accuracy, and boosted application flexibility. The two top-rated output signals for developing dual-modal sensors are colorimetric and fluorescent signals because of their outstanding merits for point of care applications and real-time sensitive sensing. Given the rapid development of material chemistry and nanotechnology, the recent decade has witnessed great advance in colorimetric/fluorimetric signal based dual-modal sensing technologies. The new sensing strategy leads to a broad avenue for various applications in disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety because of the complementary and synergistic effects of the two output signals. In this state-of-the-art review, we comprehensively summarize different types of colorimetric/fluorimetric dual-modal sensing methods by highlighting representative research in the last 5 years, digging into their sensing methodologies, particularly the working principles of the signal transduction systems. Then, the challenges and future prospects for boosting further development of this research field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- School of Qianhu, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Weipeng Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Yuankui Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
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5
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Xia L, Li G. Recent progress of microfluidics in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1752-1768. [PMID: 33630352 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a significant analytical tool capable of fingerprint identification of molecule in a rapid and ultrasensitive manner. However, it is still hard to meet the requirements of practical sample analysis. The introduction of microfluidics can effectively enhance the performance of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in complex sample analysis including reproducibility, selectivity, sensitivity, and speed. This review summarizes the recent progress of microfluidics in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis through four combination approaches. First, microfluidic synthetic techniques offer uniform nano-/microparticle fabrication approaches for reproductive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis. Second, the integration of microchip and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic substrate provides advanced devices for sensitive and efficient detection. Third, microfluidic sample preparations enable rapid separation and preconcentration of analyte prior to surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic detection. Fourth, highly integrated microfluidic devices can be employed to realize multistep surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis containing material fabrication, sample preparation, and detection processes. Furthermore, the challenges and outlooks of the application of microfluidics in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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6
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Abstract
Micro and nanoparticles are not only understood as components of materials but as small functional units too. Particles can be designed for the primary transduction of physical and chemical signals and, therefore, become a valuable component in sensing systems. Due to their small size, they are particularly interesting for sensing in microfluidic systems, in microarray arrangements and in miniaturized biotechnological systems and microreactors, in general. Here, an overview of the recent development in the preparation of micro and nanoparticles for sensing purposes in microfluidics and application of particles in various microfluidic devices is presented. The concept of sensor particles is particularly useful for combining a direct contact between cells, biomolecules and media with a contactless optical readout. In addition to the construction and synthesis of micro and nanoparticles with transducer functions, examples of chemical and biological applications are reported.
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Visaveliya NR, Köhler JM. Emerging Structural and Interfacial Features of Particulate Polymers at the Nanoscale. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13125-13143. [PMID: 33112618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Particulate polymers at the nanoscale are exceedingly promising for diversified functional applications ranging from biomedical and energy to sensing, labeling, and catalysis. Tailored structural features (i.e., size, shape, morphology, internal softness, interior cross-linking, etc.) determine polymer nanoparticles' impact on the cargo loading capacity and controlled/sustained release, possibility of endocytosis, degradability, and photostability. The designed interfacial features, however (i.e., stimuli-responsive surfaces, wrinkling, surface porosity, shell-layer swellability, layer-by-layer surface functionalization, surface charge, etc.), regulate nanoparticles' interfacial interactions, controlled assembly, movement and collision, and compatibility with the surroundings (e.g., solvent and biological environments). These features define nanoparticles' overall properties/functions on the basis of homogeneity, stability, interfacial tension, and minimization of the surface energy barrier. Lowering of the resultant outcomes is directly influenced by inhomogeneity in the structural and interfacial design through the structure-function relationship. Therefore, a key requirement is to produce well-defined polymer nanoparticles with controlled characteristics. Polymers are amorphous, flexible, and soft, and hence controlling their structural/interfacial features through the single-step process is a challenge. The microfluidics reaction strategy is very promising because of its wide range of advantages such as efficient reactant mixing and fast phase transfer. Overall, this feature article highlights the state-of-the-art synthetic features of polymer nanoparticles with perspectives on their advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunjkumar R Visaveliya
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology, Technical University of Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - J Michael Köhler
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology, Technical University of Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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Zhao X, Bian F, Sun L, Cai L, Li L, Zhao Y. Microfluidic Generation of Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1901943. [PMID: 31259464 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As nanomaterials (NMs) possess attractive physicochemical properties that are strongly related to their specific sizes and morphologies, they are becoming one of the most desirable components in the fields of drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging, and tissue engineering. By choosing an appropriate methodology that allows for accurate control over the reaction conditions, not only can NMs with high quality and rapid production rate be generated, but also designing composite and efficient products for therapy and diagnosis in nanomedicine can be realized. Recent evidence implies that microfluidic technology offers a promising platform for the synthesis of NMs by easy manipulation of fluids in microscale channels. In this Review, a comprehensive set of developments in the field of microfluidics for generating two main classes of NMs, including nanoparticles and nanofibers, and their various potentials in biomedical applications are summarized. Furthermore, the major challenges in this area and opinions on its future developments are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, P. R. China
| | - Feika Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
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10
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Feng X, Han T, Xiong Y, Wang S, Dai T, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang G. Plasmon-Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of Silver Nanoclusters for microRNA Detection. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1633-1640. [PMID: 31244011 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SPEECL) with excellent sensitivity and simplicity has attracted increasing attention. In this work, we reported a novel SPEECL with DNA templated silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) as ECL emitters and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) source. The SPEECL with DNA-AgNCs as ECL luminophores possessed low toxicity and avoided the labeling process, which is favorable for its further sensing application. In addition, by investigation of the SPEECL under different distances between DNA-AgNCs and AuNPs, it was demonstrated that the SPEECL was distance dependent. Meanwhile, the SPEECL intensity changed with the sizes and interdistance of AuNPs under different electrodeposition time. Furthermore, by the combination of a cyclic amplification process with enzyme-free catalytic hairpin DNA, a sensitive SPEECL biosensor was proposed for the detection of microRNA (miRNA-21) successfully with a wide linear range from 1 aM to 104 fM and a relatively low detection limit of 0.96 aM, which was applied in the detection of miRNA-21 in real samples with satisfying results. This novel, simple, sensitive, and selective SPEECL with label-free and low-toxic ECL emitters displayed a great potential for bioassay application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Ting Han
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Yunfang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Tianyue Dai
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Guangfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui province; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui province; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
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11
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Qiao Y, Fu J, Yang F, Duan M, Huang M, Tu J, Lu Z. An efficient strategy for a controllable droplet merging system for digital analysis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34343-34349. [PMID: 35548645 PMCID: PMC9086890 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06022c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Droplet merging is an important part of droplet manipulation approaches. Droplet merging methods with expansions inside channels can merge droplets in pairs through simple structures. However, they have a low success rate of merging under unstable fluidic conditions since the one-to-one pairing strategy is sensitive to fluctuation. This study presents a one-to-a-cluster pairing strategy to improve the success rate of merging under fluctuation. The one-to-a-cluster method was suitable for digital analysis and droplet MDA was performed in merged droplets successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
| | - Jiye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
| | - Mengqin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
| | - Mengting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
| | - Jing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
| | - Zuhong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China +86-025-83793779
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12
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Visaveliya NR, Köhler JM. Single-Step In Situ Assembling Routes for the Shape Control of Polymer Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:1047-1064. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikunjkumar R. Visaveliya
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology, Technical University of Ilmenau, Weimarer Strasse 32, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - J. Michael Köhler
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology, Technical University of Ilmenau, Weimarer Strasse 32, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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13
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Visaveliya NR, Li X, Knauer A, Prasad BLV, Köhler JM. Interfacial-Active Polymer Nanoparticles, Their Assemblies, and SERS Application. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikunjkumar R. Visaveliya
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technical University of Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technical University of Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Andrea Knauer
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technical University of Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Bhagavatula L. V. Prasad
- Physical/Materials Chemistry Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Johann Michael Köhler
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technical University of Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
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14
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Choi N, Lee J, Ko J, Jeon JH, Rhie GE, deMello AJ, Choo J. Integrated SERS-Based Microdroplet Platform for the Automated Immunoassay of F1 Antigens in Yersinia pestis. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8413-8420. [PMID: 28737374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based microfluidic platforms has attracted significant recent attention in the biological sciences. SERS is a highly sensitive detection modality, with microfluidic platforms providing many advantages over microscale methods, including high analytical throughput, facile automation, and reduced sample requirements. Accordingly, the integration of SERS with microfluidic platforms offers significant utility in chemical and biological experimentation. Herein, we report a fully integrated SERS-based microdroplet platform for the automatic immunoassay of specific antigen fraction 1 (F1) in Yersinia pestis. Specifically, highly efficient and rapid immunoreactions are achieved through sequential droplet generation, transport, and merging, while wash-free immunodetection is realized through droplet-splitting. Such integration affords a novel multifunctional platform capable of performing complex multistep immunoassays in nL-volume droplets. The limit of detection of the F1 antigen for Yersinia pestis using the integrated SERS-based microdroplet platform is 59.6 pg/mL, a value approximately 2 orders of magnitude more sensitive than conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. This assay system has additional advantages including reduced sample consumption (less than 100 μL), rapid assay times (less than 10 min), and fully automated fluid control. We anticipate that this integrated SERS-based microdroplet device will provide new insights in the development of facile assay platforms for various hazardous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namhyun Choi
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University , Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University , Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Juhui Ko
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University , Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Jeon
- Division of High-risk Pathogen Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health , Cheongju 28159, South Korea
| | - Gi-Eun Rhie
- Division of High-risk Pathogen Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health , Cheongju 28159, South Korea
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University , Ansan 15588, South Korea
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15
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Abstract
Droplet microfluidics generates and manipulates discrete droplets through immiscible multiphase flows inside microchannels. Due to its remarkable advantages, droplet microfluidics bears significant value in an extremely wide range of area. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and in-depth insight into droplet microfluidics, covering fundamental research from microfluidic chip fabrication and droplet generation to the applications of droplets in bio(chemical) analysis and materials generation. The purpose of this review is to convey the fundamentals of droplet microfluidics, a critical analysis on its current status and challenges, and opinions on its future development. We believe this review will promote communications among biology, chemistry, physics, and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoran Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, China
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16
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Robertson K. Using flow technologies to direct the synthesis and assembly of materials in solution. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:4. [PMID: 28101131 PMCID: PMC5215996 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of materials with structure-related function, directing the assembly of materials is paramount. The resultant structure can be controlled by ordering of reactants, spatial confinement and control over the reaction/crystallisation times and stoichiometries. These conditions can be administered through the use of flow technologies as evidenced by the growing widespread application of microfluidics for the production of nanomaterials; the function of which is often dictated or circumscribed by size. In this review a range of flow technologies is explored for use in the control of self-assembled systems: including techniques for reagent ordering, mixing control and high-throughput optimisation. The examples given encompass organic, inorganic and biological systems and focus on control of shape, function, composition and size.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
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17
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Tian L, Li X, Wan D, Ali Z, Zhang Q. Large-scale fabrication of polymer ellipsoids with controllable patches via the viscosity-induced deformation of spherical particles. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00475c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple and controllable strategy to synthesize polymer ellipsoids via the viscosity-induced deformation of spherical particles is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Dewei Wan
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Zafar Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
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18
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Abstract
Engineering characteristics of liquid–liquid microflow and its advantages in chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Liantang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Pei Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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19
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Visaveliya N, Knauer A, Köhler JM. Application of Polyionic Macromolecules in Micro Flow Syntheses of Nanoparticles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikunjkumar Visaveliya
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Institute for Micro- and Nanotechnologies/Institute for Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technische Universität Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Andrea Knauer
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Institute for Micro- and Nanotechnologies/Institute for Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technische Universität Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Johann Michael Köhler
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Institute for Micro- and Nanotechnologies/Institute for Chemistry and Microreaction Technology; Technische Universität Ilmenau; 98693 Ilmenau Germany
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20
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Microflow-assisted assembling of multi-scale polymer particles by controlling surface properties and interactions. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Rodier BJ, Mosher EP, Burton ST, Matthews R, Pentzer E. Polythioether Particles Armored with Modifiable Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:894-9. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. Rodier
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Eric P. Mosher
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Spencer T. Burton
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Rachael Matthews
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Emily Pentzer
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
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22
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Tian L, Li X, Zhao P, Ali Z, Zhang Q. Impressed pressure-facilitated seeded emulsion polymerization: design of fast swelling strategies for massive fabrication of patchy microparticles. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01778a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure and ultrasound swelling polymerization promote the fast and large-scale fabrication of patchy particles for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Zafar Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- China
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23
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Li MX, Zhao W, Qian GS, Feng QM, Xu JJ, Chen HY. Distance mediated electrochemiluminescence enhancement of CdS thin films induced by the plasmon coupling of gold nanoparticle dimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14230-14233. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical and experimental studies of plasmon enhanced electrochemiluminescence of CdS QDs by gold nanoparticle monomers and dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Guang-Sheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Qiu-Mei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
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24
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Patabadige DEW, Jia S, Sibbitts J, Sadeghi J, Sellens K, Culbertson CT. Micro Total Analysis Systems: Fundamental Advances and Applications. Anal Chem 2015; 88:320-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damith E. W. Patabadige
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Shu Jia
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jay Sibbitts
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jalal Sadeghi
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Laser & Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Kathleen Sellens
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Christopher T. Culbertson
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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