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Rational design of magnetoliposomes for enhanced interaction with bacterial membrane models. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184115. [PMID: 36603803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need for alternatives to target and treat bacterial infection. Thus, the present work aims to develop and optimize the production of PEGylated magnetoliposomes (MLPs@PEG), by encapsulating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) within fusogenic liposomes. A Box-Behnken design was applied to modulate size distribution variables, using lipid concentration, SPIONs amount and ultrasonication time as independent variables. As a result of the optimization, it was possible to obtain MLPs@PEG with a mean size of 182 nm, with polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.19, and SPIONs encapsulation efficiency (%EE) around 76%. Cytocompatibility assays showed that no toxicity was observed in fibroblasts, for iron concentrations up to 400μg/ml. Also, for safe lipid and iron concentrations, no hemolytic effect was detected. The fusogenicity of the nanosystems was first evaluated through lipid mixing assays, based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), using liposomal membrane models, mimicking bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and eukaryotic plasma membrane. It was shown that the hybrid nanosystems preferentially interact with the bacterial membrane model. Confocal microscopy and fluorescence lifetime measurements, using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), validated these results. Overall, the developed hybrid nanosystem may represent an efficient drug delivery system with improved targetability for bacterial membrane.
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Llenas M, Cuenca L, Santos C, Bdikin I, Gonçalves G, Tobías-Rossell G. Sustainable Synthesis of Highly Biocompatible 2D Boron Nitride Nanosheets. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123238. [PMID: 36551994 PMCID: PMC9775030 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
2D ultrafine nanomaterials today represent an emerging class of materials with very promising properties for a wide variety of applications. Biomedical fields have experienced important new achievements with technological breakthroughs obtained from 2D materials with singular properties. Boron nitride nanosheets are a novel 2D layered material comprised of a hexagonal boron nitride network (BN) with interesting intrinsic properties, including resistance to oxidation, extreme mechanical hardness, good thermal conductivity, photoluminescence, and chemical inertness. Here, we investigated different methodologies for the exfoliation of BN nanosheets (BNNs), using ball milling and ultrasound processing, the latter using both an ultrasound bath and tip sonication. The best results are obtained using tip sonication, which leads to the formation of few-layered nanosheets with a narrow size distribution. Importantly, it was observed that with the addition of pluronic acid F127 to the medium, there was a significant improvement in the BN nanosheets (BNNs) production yield. Moreover, the resultant BNNs present improved stability in an aqueous solution. Cytotoxicity studies performed with HeLa cells showed the importance of taking into account the possible interferences of the nanomaterial with the selected assay. The prepared BNNs coated with pluronic presented improved cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 200 μg mL-1 with more than 90% viability after 24 h of incubation. Confocal microscopy also showed high cell internalization of the nanomaterials and their preferential biodistribution in the cell cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Llenas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Cuenca
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carla Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CQE—Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Igor Bdikin
- TEMA-Nanotechnology Research Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gil Gonçalves
- TEMA-Nanotechnology Research Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (G.T.-R.)
| | - Gerard Tobías-Rossell
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (G.T.-R.)
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Sadegha S, Varshochian R, Dadras P, Hosseinzadeh H, Sakhtianchi R, Mirzaie ZH, Shafiee A, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Mesoporous silica coated SPIONs containing curcumin and silymarin intended for breast cancer therapy. Daru 2022; 30:331-341. [PMID: 36197594 PMCID: PMC9715905 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are known as promising theranostic nano-drug carriers with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) properties. Applying the herbaceous components with cytotoxic effects as cargos can suggest a new approach in the field of cancer-therapy. In this study mesoporous silica coated SPIONs (mSiO2@SPIONs) containing curcumin (CUR) and silymarin (SIL) were prepared and evaluated on breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. METHODS Nanoparticles (NPs) were formulated by reverse microemulsion method and characterized by DLS, SEM and VSM. The in vitro drug release, cellular cytotoxicity, and MRI properties of NPs were determined as well. The cellular uptake of NPs by MCF-7 cells was investigated through LysoTracker Red staining using confocal microscopy. RESULTS The MTT results showed that the IC50 of CUR + SIL loaded mSiO2@SPIONs was reduced about 50% in comparison with that of the free drug mixture. The NPs indicated proper MRI features and cellular uptake through endocytosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion the prepared formulation may offer a novel theranostic system for breast cancer researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Sadegha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Varshochian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Dadras
- Trita Nanomedicine Research Center (TNRC), Trita Third Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hosniyeh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Sakhtianchi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hadavand Mirzaie
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Shafiee
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Schwaminger SP, Brammen MW, Zunhammer F, Däumler N, Fraga-García P, Berensmeier S. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composite Materials for Batch or Chromatographic Biomolecule Separation. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:30. [PMID: 33569639 PMCID: PMC7876204 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based materials are the spearhead of research in multiple fields of nanotechnology. Moreover, their role as stationary phase in chromatography is gaining relevance. We investigate a material consisting of multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles towards its use as a mixed-mode chromatography material. The idea is to immobilize the ion exchange material iron oxide on CNTs as a stable matrix for chromatography processes without a significant pressure drop. Iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized and used to decorate the CNTs via a co-precipitation route. They bind to the walls of oxidized CNTs, thereby enabling to magnetically separate the composite material. This hybrid material is investigated with transmission electron microscopy, magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, we determine its specific surface area and its wetting behavior. We also demonstrate its applicability as chromatography material for amino acid retention, describing the adsorption and desorption of different amino acids in a complex porous system surrounded by aqueous media. Thus, this material can be used as chromatographic matrix and as a magnetic batch adsorbent material due to the iron oxide nanoparticles. Our work contributes to current research on composite materials. Such materials are necessary for developing novel industrial applications or improving the performance of established processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Schwaminger
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Markus W Brammen
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Florian Zunhammer
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Nicklas Däumler
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Paula Fraga-García
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Sonja Berensmeier
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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Tomczyk MM, Boncel S, Herman A, Krawczyk T, Jakóbik-Kolon A, Pawlyta M, Krzywiecki M, Chrobak A, Minoshima M, Sugihara F, Kikuchi K, Kuźnik N. Oxygen Functional Groups on MWCNT Surface as Critical Factor Boosting T2 Relaxation Rate of Water Protons: Towards Improved CNT-Based Contrast Agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7433-7450. [PMID: 33116480 PMCID: PMC7547780 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s257230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Salicyl (Sal) - among other oxygen functionalities - multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and their nanohybrids are investigated as promising contrast agents (CA) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or drug delivery platforms, due to their unique properties. The preliminary results and the literature reports were the motivation to endow high r2 relaxivities, excellent dispersibility in water, and biocompatibility to superparamagnetic MWCNTs nanohybrids. It was hypothesized that these goals could be achieved by, not described in the literature yet, two-stage oxygen functionalization of MWCNTs. RESULTS Two structurally different MWCNT materials differing in diameters (44 and 12 nm) and the iron content (4.7% and 0.5%) are studied toward the functionalization effect on the T2 relaxometric properties. MWCNT oxidation is typically the first step of functionalization resulting in "first generation" oxygen functional groups (OFGs) on the surface. Until now, the impact of OFGs on the relaxivity of MWCNT was not truly recognized, but this study sheds light on this issue. By follow-up functionalization of oxidized MWCNT with 4-azidosalicylic acid through [2+1] cycloaddition of the corresponding nitrene, "second generation" of oxygen functional groups is grafted onto the nanohybrid, ie, Sal functionality. CONCLUSION The introduced OFGs are responsible for an almost 30% increase in the relaxivity, which leads to remarkable r2 relaxivity of 951 mM-1s-1 (419 (mg/mL)-1s-1), the unprecedented value reported to date for this class of CAs. Also, the resulting nanohybrids express low cytotoxicity and superb diffusion after subcutaneous injection to a mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sławomir Boncel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Artur Herman
- Department of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Krawczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Mirosława Pawlyta
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Maciej Krzywiecki
- Institute of Physics – Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Artur Chrobak
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nikodem Kuźnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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Bertran A, Sandoval S, Oró-Solé J, Sánchez À, Tobias G. Particle size determination from magnetization curves in reduced graphene oxide decorated with monodispersed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 566:107-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Llenas M, Sandoval S, Costa PM, Oró-Solé J, Lope-Piedrafita S, Ballesteros B, Al-Jamal KT, Tobias G. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of SPION-Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrids for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1364. [PMID: 31554159 PMCID: PMC6835838 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful tool for disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) show good performance as transverse relaxation (T2) contrast agents, thus facilitating the interpretation of the acquired images. Attachment of SPION onto nanocarriers prevents their agglomeration, improving the circulation time and efficiency. Graphene derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), are appealing nanocarriers since they have both high surface area and functional moieties that make them ideal substrates for the attachment of nanoparticles. We have employed a fast, simple and environmentally friendly microwave-assisted approach for the synthesis of SPION-RGO hybrids. Different iron precursor/GO ratios were used leading to SPION, with a median diameter of 7.1 nm, homogeneously distributed along the RGO surface. Good relaxivity (r2*) values were obtained in MRI studies and no significant toxicity was detected within in vitro tests following GL261 glioma and J774 macrophage-like cells for 24 h with SPION-RGO, demonstrating the applicability of the hybrids as T2-weighted MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Llenas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Stefania Sandoval
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Pedro M Costa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Judith Oró-Solé
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Silvia Lope-Piedrafita
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Belén Ballesteros
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Gerard Tobias
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
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Yang CT, Ghosh KK, Padmanabhan P, Langer O, Liu J, Eng DNC, Halldin C, Gulyás B. PET-MR and SPECT-MR multimodality probes: Development and challenges. Theranostics 2018; 8:6210-6232. [PMID: 30613293 PMCID: PMC6299694 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET)-magnetic resonance (MR) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-MR hybrid imaging is being used in daily clinical practice. Due to its advantages over stand-alone PET, SPECT or MR imaging, in many areas such as oncology, the demand for hybrid imaging techniques is increasing dramatically. The use of multimodal imaging probes or biomarkers in a single molecule or particle to characterize the imaging subjects such as disease tissues certainly provides us with more accurate diagnosis and promotes therapeutic accuracy. A limited number of multimodal imaging probes are being used in preclinical and potential clinical investigations. The further development of multimodal PET-MR and SPECT-MR imaging probes includes several key elements: novel synthetic strategies, high sensitivity for accurate quantification and high anatomic resolution, favourable pharmacokinetic profile and target-specific binding of a new probe. This review thoroughly summarizes all recently available and noteworthy PET-MR and SPECT-MR multimodal imaging probes including small molecule bimodal probes, nano-sized bimodal probes, small molecular trimodal probes and nano-sized trimodal probes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive overview of all PET-MR and SPECT-MR multimodal probes. Since the development of multimodal PET-MR and SPECT-MR imaging probes is an emerging research field, a selection of 139 papers were recognized following the literature review. The challenges for designing multimodal probes have also been addressed in order to offer some future research directions for this novel interdisciplinary research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Tong Yang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology and Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, P.R. China, 315201
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608
| | - Krishna K. Ghosh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
| | - Oliver Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Health and Bioresources, Biomedical Systems, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Jiang Liu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology and Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, P.R. China, 315201
| | - David Ng Chee Eng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857
| | - Christer Halldin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, S-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, S-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sandoval S, Kierkowicz M, Pach E, Ballesteros B, Tobias G. Determination of the length of single-walled carbon nanotubes by scanning electron microscopy. MethodsX 2018; 5:1465-1472. [PMID: 30505700 PMCID: PMC6249399 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A methodology is presented to determine the length of well individualized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Accurate measurements on wide areas of the sample can be achieved in an easy, fast and trustworthy manner. We have tested several supports and solvents to optimize the dispersion of SWCNTs, as well as the SEM imaging conditions. The optimal methodology goes via dispersion of the sample in ortho-dichlorobenzene, deposition onto a continuous carbon film supported on a copper TEM grid, and SEM imaging at 2 kV in secondary electrons mode using a through-in-lens detector. Individualization of SWCNTs is achieved by dispersion of SWCNTs in ortho-dichlorobenzene and deposition onto TEM grids Individual SWCNTs are imaged by SEM Length determination by SEM is as precise as AFM
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Sandoval
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Kierkowicz
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elzbieta Pach
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Ballesteros
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Gerard Tobias
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding authors.
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Li J, You J, Wu C, Dai Y, Shi M, Dong L, Xu K. T 1-T 2 molecular magnetic resonance imaging of renal carcinoma cells based on nano-contrast agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4607-4625. [PMID: 30127609 PMCID: PMC6091481 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s168660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of T1-T2 dual contrast agent (CA) favors the visualization of the lesion in a more accurate and reliable manner by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The relaxivity and the interference between T1 and T2 CA are the main concerns for their design. METHODS In this work, we constructed an Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex where BSA-Gd2O3 NPs and Fe3O4 NPs were chosen as T1 and T2 MRI CAs and a 20 nm mesoporous silica (mSiO2) nanoshell was introduced to reduce the interference between them. We performed transmis sion electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, UV-vis absorption spectra, and Fourier transform infrared absorption (FTIR) spectra to characterize the prepared nanocom-plex and MRI scanning to evaluate their MRI behaviors. Furthermore, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and hematologic and biochemical analyses were introduced to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Finally, the specific MRI of 786-0 cells with Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3-AS1411 nanoprobe in vitro was realized. In vivo biodistribution of Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex in the mouse was determined by the quantification of the Gd element by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The prepared Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex possessed high longitudinal (r1=11.47 mM s-1 Gd) and transverse (r2=195.1 mM s-1 Fe) relaxivities, enabling its use as a T1-T2 dual contrast agent for MRI. MTT testing and hematologic and biochemical analysis indicated the good biocompatibility of Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex in vitro and in vivo. After further conjugation with AS1411 aptamer, they could target tumor cells successfully by T1 and T2 MRI in vitro. The possible metabolic pathway of the tail vein-injected Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex in mouse was mainly via kidney. CONCLUSION A T1-T2 dual-mode contrast agent, Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nano-complex, was developed and its good performance for tumor cell targeting in vitro and kidney contrast-enhanced MRI in mice indicated its promising potential as an effective T1-T2 dual-mode contrast agent for in vivo MRI with self-confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China, .,School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jia You
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Meilin Shi
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lina Dong
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China, .,School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
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Gao Y. Carbon Nano-Allotrope/Magnetic Nanoparticle Hybrid Nanomaterials as T2 Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications. J Funct Biomater 2018; 9:E16. [PMID: 29415438 PMCID: PMC5872102 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most powerful tool for deep penetration and high-quality 3D imaging of tissues with anatomical details. However, the sensitivity of the MRI technique is not as good as that of the radioactive or optical imaging methods. Carbon-based nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in biomaterial research in recent decades due to their unique physical properties, versatile functionalization chemistry, as well as excellent biological compatibility. Researchers have employed various carbon nano-allotropes to develop hybrid MRI contrast agents for improved sensitivity. This review summarizes the new research progresses in carbon-based hybrid MRI contrast agents, especially those reported in the past five years. The review will only focus on T2-weighted MRI agents and will be categorized by the different carbon allotrope types and magnetic components. Considering the strong trend in recent bio-nanotechnology research towards multifunctional diagnosis and therapy, carbon-based MRI contrast agents integrated with other imaging modalities or therapeutic functions are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Gao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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14
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Dadras P, Atyabi F, Irani S, Ma'mani L, Foroumadi A, Mirzaie ZH, Ebrahimi M, Dinarvand R. Formulation and evaluation of targeted nanoparticles for breast cancer theranostic system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 97:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Same S, Aghanejad A, Akbari Nakhjavani S, Barar J, Omidi Y. Radiolabeled theranostics: magnetic and gold nanoparticles. BIOIMPACTS 2016; 6:169-181. [PMID: 27853680 PMCID: PMC5108989 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2016.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
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Introduction: Growing advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the applications of newly emerged nanomaterials in the field of biomedical/pharmaceutical sciences. Following this trend, the multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in development of advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs) such as diapeutics/theranostics used for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Multifunctional radiolabeled NPs with capability of detecting, visualizing and destroying diseased cells with least side effects have been considered as an emerging filed in presentation of the best choice in solving the therapeutic problems. Functionalized magnetic and gold NPs (MNPs and GNPs, respectively) have produced the potential of nanoparticles as sensitive multifunctional probes for molecular imaging, photothermal therapy and drug delivery and targeting.
Methods: In this study, we review the most recent works on the improvement of various techniques for development of radiolabeled magnetic and gold nanoprobes, and discuss the methods for targeted imaging and therapies.
Results: The receptor-specific radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to localized radiotherapy in disease sites. Application of advanced multimodal imaging methods and related modality imaging agents labeled with various radioisotopes (e.g., 125I, 111In, 64Cu, 68Ga, 99mTc) and MNPs/GNPs have significant effects on treatment and prognosis of cancer therapy. In addition, the surface modification with biocompatible polymer such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) have resulted in development of stealth NPs that can evade the opsonization and immune clearance. These long-circulating agents can be decorated with homing agents as well as radioisotopes for targeted imaging and therapy purposes.
Conclusion: The modified MNPs or GNPs have wide applications in concurrent diagnosis and therapy of various malignancies. Once armed with radioisotopes, these nanosystems (NSs) can be exploited for combined multimodality imaging with photothermal/photodynamic therapy while delivering the loaded drugs or genes to the targeted cells/tissues. These NSs will be a game changer in combating various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Same
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayuob Aghanejad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sattar Akbari Nakhjavani
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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