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Feng Y, Song J, Han G, Zhou B, Liu C, Shen C. Transparent and Stretchable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Film with Fence-like Aligned Silver Nanowire Conductive Network. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2201490. [PMID: 37086128 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flexible transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) that can be used as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have a great potential for use as electronic components in optical window and display applications. However, development of TCEs that display high shielding effectiveness (SE) and good stretchability for flexible electronic device applications has proven challenging. Herein, this study describes a stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/silver nanowire (AgNW) TCE with a fence-like aligned conductive network that is fabricated via pre-stretching method. The fence-like AgNW network endowed the PDMS/AgNW film with excellent optoelectronic properties, i.e., low sheet resistance of 7.68 Ω sq-1 at 73.7% optical transmittance, thus causing an effective EMI SE of 32.2 dB at X-band. More importantly, the fence-like aligned AgNW conductive network reveals a high stability toward tensile deformation, thus gives the PDMS/AgNW film stretch-stable conductivity and EMI shielding property in the strain range of 0-100%. Typically, the film can reserve ≈70% or 80% of its initial EMI SE when stretching at 100% strain or stretching/releasing (50% strain) for 128 cycles, respectively. Additionally, the film exhibits a low-voltage driven and stretchable Joule heating performance. With these overall performances, the PDMS/AgNW film should be well suited for use in flexible and stretchable optical electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Jianzhou Song
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Gaojie Han
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Changyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
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Alqanoo AAM, Ahmed NM, Hashim MR, Almessiere MA, Taya SA, Alsadig A, Aldaghri OA, Ibnaouf KH. Synthesis and Deposition of Silver Nanowires on Porous Silicon as an Ultraviolet Light Photodetector. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:353. [PMID: 36678106 PMCID: PMC9863988 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The applications of silver nanowires (AgNWs) are clearly relevant to their purity and morphology. Therefore, the synthesis parameters should be precisely adjusted in order to obtain AgNWs with a high aspect ratio. Consequently, controlling the reaction time versus the reaction temperature of the AgNWs is crucial to synthesize AgNWs with a high crystallinity and is important in fabricating optoelectronic devices. In this work, we tracked the morphological alterations of AgNWs during the growth process in order to determine the optimal reaction time and temperature. Thus, here, the UV-Vis absorption spectra were used to investigate how the reaction time varies with the temperature. The reaction was conducted at five different temperatures, 140-180 °C. As a result, an equation was developed to describe the relationship between them and to calculate the reaction time at any given reaction temperature. It was observed that the average diameter of the NWs was temperature-dependent and had a minimum value of 23 nm at a reaction temperature of 150 °C. A significant purification technique was conducted for the final product at a reaction temperature of 150 °C with two different speeds in the centrifuge to remove the heavy and light by-products. Based on these qualities, a AgNWs-based porous Si (AgNWs/P-Si) device was fabricated, and current-time pulsing was achieved using an ultra-violet (UV) irradiation of a 375 nm wavelength at four bias voltages of 1 V, 2 V, 3 V, and 4 V. We obtained a high level of sensitivity and detectivity with the values of 2247.49% and 2.89 × 1012 Jones, respectively. The photocurrent increased from the μA range in the P-Si to the mA range in the AgNWs/P-Si photodetector due to the featured surface plasmon resonance of the AgNWs compared to the other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas A. M. Alqanoo
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Physics Department, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza P.O. Box 108, Palestine
| | - Naser M. Ahmed
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Research Center, The University of Mashreq, Baghdad 10021, Iraq
| | - Md. R. Hashim
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Munirah A. Almessiere
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sofyan A. Taya
- Physics Department, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza P.O. Box 108, Palestine
| | - Ahmed Alsadig
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Osamah A. Aldaghri
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Hassan Ibnaouf
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
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Agrawal K, Gupta VK, Verma P. Microbial cell factories a new dimension in bio-nanotechnology: exploring the robustness of nature. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:397-427. [PMID: 34555291 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1977779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bio-based nanotechnology has its existence in biological dimensions e.g. microbial cell factories (bacteria, fungi. algae, yeast, cyanobacteria) plants, and biopolymers. They provide multipurpose biological platforms to supply well-designed materials for diverse nano-biotechnological applications. The "green or bio-based synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs)" has witnessed a research outburst in the past decade. The bio-based synthesis of NPs using microbial cell factories is a benign process and requires mild conditions for the synthesis with end products being less/non-toxic. As a result, its application has extended in multitudinous industries including environment, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical. Thus, the present review summarizes all the significant aspects of nanotechnology and the reason to switch towards the bio-based synthesis of NPs using microbial cell factories. It consists of a detailed description of the bio-based methods employed for the synthesis and classification of NPs. Also, a comprehensive study on the application of bio-based NPs in the various industrial and biotechnological domains has been discussed. The limitation and its solution would help identify the applicability of NPs to "identified and unidentified" sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Agrawal
- Department of Microbiology, Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK.,Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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Nie J, Fan J, Gong Z, Xu C, Chen Y. Frame-structured and self-healing ENR-based nanocomposites for strain sensors. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Yu S, Liu X, Wu M, Dong H, Wang X, Li L. All-Solution-Processed Molybdenum Oxide-Encapsulated Silver Nanowire Flexible Transparent Conductors with Improved Conductivity and Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14470-14478. [PMID: 33733722 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel transparent conductive conductor composed of a silver nanowire (AgNW) network and MoOx on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, with contemporaneously improved adhesion and reduced resistivity, is prepared using the full-solution process without high-temperature annealing. Under the optimized conditions, a MoOx/AgNW/MoOx multilayer is achieved, which shows much superior optoelectronic performance to that obtained from ITO with a high optical transmittance of 89.2% and a low sheet resistance of ∼12.5 Ω/sq. Unlike pure AgNW films, the sheet resistance is little changed after the tape and ultrasonication tests, illustrating a very strong adhesion to the PET substrate after the encapsulation of MoOx. Moreover, the multilayer film exhibits excellent stability to resist mechanical bending and acid damage. In addition, the successful implementation of the flexible transparent heater demonstrates the practical application value of the electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Yu
- School of Microelectronics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Microelectronics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Muying Wu
- School of Electronic Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Guangdong, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Helei Dong
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Tai Yuan 030051, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Lingxia Li
- School of Microelectronics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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Schrenker N, Xie Z, Schweizer P, Moninger M, Werner F, Karpstein N, Mačković M, Spyropoulos GD, Göbelt M, Christiansen S, Brabec CJ, Bitzek E, Spiecker E. Microscopic Deformation Modes and Impact of Network Anisotropy on the Mechanical and Electrical Performance of Five-fold Twinned Silver Nanowire Electrodes. ACS NANO 2021; 15:362-376. [PMID: 33231422 PMCID: PMC7844834 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks show excellent optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, which make them ideal candidates for transparent electrodes in flexible and stretchable devices. Various coating strategies and testing setups have been developed to further improve their stretchability and to evaluate their performance. Still, a comprehensive microscopic understanding of the relationship between mechanical and electrical failure is missing. In this work, the fundamental deformation modes of five-fold twinned AgNWs in anisotropic networks are studied by large-scale SEM straining tests that are directly correlated with corresponding changes in the resistance. A pronounced effect of the network anisotropy on the electrical performance is observed, which manifests itself in a one order of magnitude lower increase in resistance for networks strained perpendicular to the preferred wire orientation. Using a scale-bridging microscopy approach spanning from NW networks to single NWs to atomic-scale defects, we were able to identify three fundamental deformation modes of NWs, which together can explain this behavior: (i) correlated tensile fracture of NWs, (ii) kink formation due to compression of NWs in transverse direction, and (iii) NW bending caused by the interaction of NWs in the strained network. A key observation is the extreme deformability of AgNWs in compression. Considering HRTEM and MD simulations, this behavior can be attributed to specific defect processes in the five-fold twinned NW structure leading to the formation of NW kinks with grain boundaries combined with V-shaped surface reconstructions, both counteracting NW fracture. The detailed insights from this microscopic study can further improve fabrication and design strategies for transparent NW network electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine
J. Schrenker
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zhuocheng Xie
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Metallurgy and Metal Physics, RWTH Aachen University, Kopernikusstr. 14, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Schweizer
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Moninger
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Werner
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Karpstein
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirza Mačković
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - George D. Spyropoulos
- Institute
of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
and ZAE Bayern: Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuela Göbelt
- Max-Planck
Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Christiansen
- Max-Planck
Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph J. Brabec
- Institute
of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
and ZAE Bayern: Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz
Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (HI-EerN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erik Bitzek
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary
Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Cauerstrasse
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Li D, Wang L, Ji W, Wang H, Yue X, Sun Q, Li L, Zhang C, Liu J, Lu G, Yu HD, Huang W. Embedding Silver Nanowires into a Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Film for Flexible Electrochromic Devices with High Electromechanical Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:1735-1742. [PMID: 33356085 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transparent conductive films (TCFs) based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) are becoming one of the best candidates in realizing flexible optoelectronic devices. The AgNW-based TCF is usually prepared by coating AgNWs on a transparent polymer film; however, the coated AgNWs easily detach from the polymer underneath because of the weak adhesion between them. Herein, a network of AgNWs is embedded in the transparent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose film, which has a strong adhesion with the AgNWs. The obtained TCF shows high optical transmittance (>85%), low roughness (rms = 4.8 ± 0.5 nm), and low haze (<0.2%). More importantly, owing to the embedding structure and strong adhesion, this TCF also shows excellent electromechanical stability, which is superior to the reported ones. Employing this TCF in a flexible electrochromic device, the obtained device exhibits excellent cyclic electromechanical stability and high coloring efficiency. Our work demonstrates a promising TCF with superior electromechanical stability for future applications in flexible optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Wenhui Ji
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Hongchen Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yue
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Qizeng Sun
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Gang Lu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Hai-Dong Yu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, PR China
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Glier TE, Betker M, Witte M, Matsuyama T, Westphal L, Grimm-Lebsanft B, Biebl F, Akinsinde LO, Fischer F, Rübhausen M. Electrical and network properties of flexible silver-nanowire composite electrodes under mechanical strain. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23831-23837. [PMID: 33237101 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05734g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and conductive silver-nanowire photopolymer composites are fabricated and studied under mechanical strain. The initial resistances of the unstretched flexible composites are between 0.27 Ω mm-1 and 1.2 Ω mm-1 for silver-nanowire concentrations between 120 μg cm-2 and 40 μg cm-2. Stretching of the samples leads to an increased resistance by a factor of between 72 for 120 μg cm-2 and 343 for 40 μg cm-2 at elongations of 23%. In order to correlate network morphology and electrical properties, micrographs are recorded during stretching. The Fiber Image Network Evaluation (FINE) algorithm determines morphological silver-nanowire network properties under stretching. For unstretched and stretched samples, an isotropic nanowire network is found with only small changes in fiber orientation. Monte-Carlo simulations on 2D percolation networks of 1D conductive wires and the corresponding network resistance due to tunneling of electrons at nanowire junctions confirm that the elastic polymer matrix under strain exhibits forces in agreement with Hooke's law. By variation of a critical force distribution the resistance curves are accurately reproduced. This results in a model that is dominated by quantum-mechanical tunneling at nanowire junctions explaining the electrical behavior and the sensitivity of nanowire-composites with different filler concentrations under mechanical strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomke E Glier
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik, Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
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9
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Koumentakou I, Terzopoulou Z, Michopoulou A, Kalafatakis I, Theodorakis K, Tzetzis D, Bikiaris D. Chitosan dressings containing inorganic additives and levofloxacin as potential wound care products with enhanced hemostatic properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:693-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Tuning the Properties of Furandicarboxylic Acid-Based Polyesters with Copolymerization: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061209. [PMID: 32466455 PMCID: PMC7361963 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyesters based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) are a new class of biobased polymers with enormous interest, both from a scientific and industrial perspective. The commercialization of these polymers is imminent as the pressure for a sustainable economy grows, and extensive worldwide research currently takes place on developing cost-competitive, renewable plastics. The most prevalent method for imparting these polymers with new properties is copolymerization, as many studies have been published over the last few years. This present review aims to summarize the trends in the synthesis of FDCA-based copolymers and to investigate the effectiveness of this approach in transforming them to a more versatile class of materials that could potentially be appropriate for a number of high-end and conventional applications.
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