1
|
Wu H, Chen J, Zhao P, Liu M, Xie F, Ma X. Development and Prospective Applications of 3D Membranes as a Sensor for Monitoring and Inducing Tissue Regeneration. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:802. [PMID: 37755224 PMCID: PMC10535523 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13090802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
For decades, tissue regeneration has been a challenging issue in scientific modeling and human practices. Although many conventional therapies are already used to treat burns, muscle injuries, bone defects, and hair follicle injuries, there remains an urgent need for better healing effects in skin, bone, and other unique tissues. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing and real-time monitoring technologies have enabled the creation of tissue-like membranes and the provision of an appropriate microenvironment. Using tissue engineering methods incorporating 3D printing technologies and biomaterials for the extracellular matrix (ECM) containing scaffolds can be used to construct a precisely distributed artificial membrane. Moreover, advances in smart sensors have facilitated the development of tissue regeneration. Various smart sensors may monitor the recovery of the wound process in different aspects, and some may spontaneously give feedback to the wound sites by releasing biological factors. The combination of the detection of smart sensors and individualized membrane design in the healing process shows enormous potential for wound dressings. Here, we provide an overview of the advantages of 3D printing and conventional therapies in tissue engineering. We also shed light on different types of 3D printing technology, biomaterials, and sensors to describe effective methods for use in skin and other tissue regeneration, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Finally, we highlight the value of 3D bioengineered membranes in various fields, including the modeling of disease, organ-on-a-chip, and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pengxiang Zhao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China (F.X.); (X.M.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Juste-Dolz A, Delgado-Pinar M, Avella-Oliver M, Fernández E, Cruz JL, Andrés MV, Maquieira Á. Denaturing for Nanoarchitectonics: Local and Periodic UV-Laser Photodeactivation of Protein Biolayers to Create Functional Patterns for Biosensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41640-41648. [PMID: 36047566 PMCID: PMC9940103 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The nanostructuration of biolayers has become a paradigm for exploiting nanoscopic light-matter phenomena for biosensing, among other biomedical purposes. In this work, we present a photopatterning method to create periodic structures of biomacromolecules based on a local and periodic mild denaturation of protein biolayers mediated by UV-laser irradiation. These nanostructures are constituted by a periodic modulation of the protein activity, so they are free of topographic and compositional changes along the pattern. Herein, we introduce the approach, explore the patterning parameters, characterize the resulting structures, and assess their overall homogeneity. This UV-based patterning principle has proven to be an easy, cost-effective, and fast way to fabricate large areas of homogeneous one-dimensional protein patterns (2 min, 15 × 1.2 mm, relative standard deviation ≃ 16%). This work also investigates the implementation of these protein patterns as transducers for diffractive biosensing. Using a model immunoassay, these patterns have demonstrated negligible signal contributions from non-specific bindings and comparable experimental limits of detection in buffer media and in human serum (53 and 36 ng·mL-1 of unlabeled IgG, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Juste-Dolz
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Martina Delgado-Pinar
- Department
of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Miquel Avella-Oliver
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento
de Química, Universitat Politècnica
de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Estrella Fernández
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Cruz
- Department
of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Miguel V. Andrés
- Department
of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism-ICMUV, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ángel Maquieira
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento
de Química, Universitat Politècnica
de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Arrabito G, Gulli D, Alfano C, Pignataro B. "Writing biochips": high-resolution droplet-to-droplet manufacturing of analytical platforms. Analyst 2022; 147:1294-1312. [PMID: 35275148 DOI: 10.1039/d1an02295d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-resolution molecular printing allows the engineering of analytical platforms enabling applications at the interface between chemistry and biology, i.e. in biosensing, electronics, single-cell biology, and point-of-care diagnostics. Their successful implementation stems from the combination of large area printing at resolutions from sub-100 nm up to macroscale, whilst controlling the composition and volume of the ink, and reconfiguring the deposition features in due course. Similar to handwriting pens, the engineering of continuous writing systems tackles the issue of the tedious ink replenishment between different printing steps. To this aim, this review article provides an unprecedented analysis of the latest continuous printing methods for bioanalytical chemistry, focusing on ink deposition systems based on specific sets of technologies that have been developed to this aim, namely nanofountain probes, microcantilever spotting, capillary-based polymer pens and continuous 3D printing. Each approach will be discussed revealing the most important applications in the fields of biosensors, lab-on-chips and diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Arrabito
- Department of Physics and Chemistry (DiFC) Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, Building 17, V.le delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Daniele Gulli
- Department of Physics and Chemistry (DiFC) Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, Building 17, V.le delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Caterina Alfano
- Structural Biology and Biophysics Unit, Fondazione Ri.MED, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Bruno Pignataro
- Department of Physics and Chemistry (DiFC) Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, Building 17, V.le delle Scienze, Palermo 90128, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Balasubramanian S, Yu K, Cardenas DV, Aubin-Tam ME, Meyer AS. Emergent Biological Endurance Depends on Extracellular Matrix Composition of Three-Dimensionally Printed Escherichia coli Biofilms. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2997-3008. [PMID: 34652130 PMCID: PMC8609572 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Biofilms are three-dimensional
(3D) bacterial communities that
exhibit a highly self-organized nature in terms of their composition
and complex architecture. Bacteria in biofilms display emergent biological
properties, such as resistance to antimicrobials and disinfectants
that the individual planktonic cells lack. Bacterial biofilms possess
specialized architectural features including unique extracellular
matrix compositions and a distinct spatially patterned arrangement
of cells and matrix components within the biofilm. It is unclear which
of these architectural elements of bacterial biofilms lead to the
development of their emergent biological properties. Here, we report
a 3D printing-based technique for studying the emergent resistance
behaviors of Escherichia coli biofilms
as a function of their architecture. Cellulose and curli are the major
extracellular-matrix components in E. coli biofilms. We show that 3D-printed biofilms expressing either curli
alone or both curli and cellulose in their extracellular matrices
show higher resistance to exposure against disinfectants than 3D prints
expressing either cellulose alone or no biofilm-matrix components.
The 3D-printed biofilms expressing cellulose and/or curli also show
thicker anaerobic zones than nonbiofilm-forming E.
coli 3D prints. Thus, the matrix composition plays
a crucial role in the emergent spatial patterning and biological endurance
of 3D-printed biofilms. In contrast, initial spatial distribution
of bacterial density or curli-producing cells does not have an effect
on biofilm resistance phenotypes. Further, these 3D-printed biofilms
could be reversibly attached to different surfaces (bacterial cellulose,
glass, and polystyrene) and display resistance to physical distortions
by retaining their shape and structure. This physical robustness highlights
their potential in applications including bioremediation, protective
coatings against pathogens on medical devices, or wastewater treatment,
among many others. This new understanding of the emergent behavior
of bacterial biofilms could aid in the development of novel engineered
living materials using synthetic biology and materials science approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srikkanth Balasubramanian
- Department of Sustainable Design Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CE Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kui Yu
- Department of Bionanoscience & Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Vasquez Cardenas
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Eve Aubin-Tam
- Department of Bionanoscience & Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Anne S. Meyer
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Berganza E, Hirtz M. Direct-Write Patterning of Biomimetic Lipid Membranes In Situ with FluidFM. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:50774-50784. [PMID: 34677057 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The creation of biologically inspired artificial membranes on substrates with custom size and in close proximity to each other not only provides a platform to study biological processes in a simplified manner, but they also constitute building blocks for chemical or biological sensors integrated in microfluidic devices. Scanning probe lithography tools such as dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) have opened a new paradigm in this regard, although they possess some inherent drawbacks like the need to operate in air environment or the limited choice of lipids that can be patterned. In this work, we propose the use of the fluid force microscopy (FluidFM) technology to fabricate biomimetic membranes without losing the multiplexing capability of DPN but gaining flexibility in lipid inks and patterning environment. We shed light on the driving mechanisms of the FluidFM-mediated lithography processes in air and liquid. The obtained results should prompt the creation of more realistic biomimetic membranes with arbitrary complex phospholipid mixtures, cholesterol, and potential functional membrane proteins directly patterned in physiological environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eider Berganza
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dorontić S, Jovanović S, Bonasera A. Shedding Light on Graphene Quantum Dots: Key Synthetic Strategies, Characterization Tools, and Cutting-Edge Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206153. [PMID: 34683745 PMCID: PMC8539078 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During the last 20 years, the scientific community has shown growing interest towards carbonaceous nanomaterials due to their appealing mechanical, thermal, and optical features, depending on the specific nanoforms. Among these, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) recently emerged as one of the most promising nanomaterials due to their outstanding electrical properties, chemical stability, and intense and tunable photoluminescence, as it is witnessed by a booming number of reported applications, ranging from the biological field to the photovoltaic market. To date, a plethora of synthetic protocols have been investigated to modulate the portfolio of features that GQDs possess and to facilitate the use of these materials for target applications. Considering the number of publications and the rapid evolution of this flourishing field of research, this review aims at providing a broad overview of the most widely established synthetic protocols and offering a detailed review of some specific applications that are attracting researchers’ interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Dorontić
- “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Svetlana Jovanović
- “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Aurelio Bonasera
- Palermo Research Unit, Department of Physics and Chemistry—Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang Y, Zhou Z, Hu Y, He N, Li J, Han X, Zhao G, Liu H. Modified mannan for 3D bioprinting: a potential novel bioink for tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34348252 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac1ab4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting technology displays many advantages for tissue engineering applications, but its utilization is limited by veryfew bioinks available for biofabrication. In this study, a novel type of bioink, which includes three methacryloyl modifiedmannans, was introduced to 3D bioprinting for tissue engineering applications. Yeast mannan (YM) was modified by reactingwith methacrylate anhydride (MA) at different concentrations, and three YM derived bioinks were obtained, which weretermed as YM-MA-1, YM-MA-2 and YM-MA-3 and were distinguished with different adjusted methacrylation degrees. TheYM derived bioink displayed an advantage that the mechanical properties of its photo-cured hydrogels can be enhanced withits methacrylation degree. Hence, YM derived bioinks are fitted for the mechanical requirements of most soft tissueengineering, including cartilage tissue engineering. By selecting chondrocytes as the testing cells, well cytocompatibility of YM-MA-1, YM-MA-2 had been confirmed by CCK-8 method. Following photo-crosslinking and implantation into SD rats for 4 weeks, thein vivobiocompatibility of the YM-MA-2 hydrogel is acceptable for tissue engineering applications. Hence, YM-MA-2 was chosen for 3D bioprinting. Our data demonstrated that hydrogel products with designed shape and living chondrocytes have been printed by applying YM-MA-2 as the bioink carrying chondrocytes. After the YM-MA-2 hydrogel with encapsulated chondrocytes was implanted subcutaneously in nude mice for 2 weeks, GAG and COLII secretion was confirmed by histological staining in YM-MA-2-H, indicating that the YM derived bioink can be potentially applied to tissue engineering by employing a 3D printer of stereolithography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbing Hu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqun Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dimitriou P, Li J, Tornillo G, McCloy T, Barrow D. Droplet Microfluidics for Tumor Drug-Related Studies and Programmable Artificial Cells. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2021; 5:2000123. [PMID: 34267927 PMCID: PMC8272004 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer drug development is a crucial step toward cancer treatment, that requires realistic predictions of malignant tissue development and sophisticated drug delivery. Tumors often acquire drug resistance and drug efficacy, hence cannot be accurately predicted in 2D tumor cell cultures. On the other hand, 3D cultures, including multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs), mimic the in vivo cellular arrangement and provide robust platforms for drug testing when grown in hydrogels with characteristics similar to the living body. Microparticles and liposomes are considered smart drug delivery vehicles, are able to target cancerous tissue, and can release entrapped drugs on demand. Microfluidics serve as a high-throughput tool for reproducible, flexible, and automated production of droplet-based microscale constructs, tailored to the desired final application. In this review, it is described how natural hydrogels in combination with droplet microfluidics can generate MCTSs, and the use of microfluidics to produce tumor targeting microparticles and liposomes. One of the highlights of the review documents the use of the bottom-up construction methodologies of synthetic biology for the formation of artificial cellular assemblies, which may additionally incorporate both target cancer cells and prospective drug candidates, as an integrated "droplet incubator" drug assay platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pantelitsa Dimitriou
- Applied Microfluidic LaboratorySchool of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| | - Jin Li
- Applied Microfluidic LaboratorySchool of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| | - Giusy Tornillo
- Hadyn Ellis BuildingCardiff UniversityMaindy RoadCardiffCF24 4HQUK
| | - Thomas McCloy
- Applied Microfluidic LaboratorySchool of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| | - David Barrow
- Applied Microfluidic LaboratorySchool of EngineeringCardiff UniversityCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fruncillo S, Su X, Liu H, Wong LS. Lithographic Processes for the Scalable Fabrication of Micro- and Nanostructures for Biochips and Biosensors. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2002-2024. [PMID: 33829765 PMCID: PMC8240091 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since the early 2000s, extensive research has been performed to address numerous challenges in biochip and biosensor fabrication in order to use them for various biomedical applications. These biochips and biosensor devices either integrate biological elements (e.g., DNA, proteins or cells) in the fabrication processes or experience post fabrication of biofunctionalization for different downstream applications, including sensing, diagnostics, drug screening, and therapy. Scalable lithographic techniques that are well established in the semiconductor industry are now being harnessed for large-scale production of such devices, with additional development to meet the demand of precise deposition of various biological elements on device substrates with retained biological activities and precisely specified topography. In this review, the lithographic methods that are capable of large-scale and mass fabrication of biochips and biosensors will be discussed. In particular, those allowing patterning of large areas from 10 cm2 to m2, maintaining cost effectiveness, high throughput (>100 cm2 h-1), high resolution (from micrometer down to nanometer scale), accuracy, and reproducibility. This review will compare various fabrication technologies and comment on their resolution limit and throughput, and how they can be related to the device performance, including sensitivity, detection limit, reproducibility, and robustness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fruncillo
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Xiaodi Su
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Block S8, Level 3, 3 Science Drive, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Lu Shin Wong
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ivanov I, Castellanos SL, Balasbas S, Otrin L, Marušič N, Vidaković-Koch T, Sundmacher K. Bottom-Up Synthesis of Artificial Cells: Recent Highlights and Future Challenges. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2021; 12:287-308. [PMID: 34097845 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-085918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The bottom-up approach in synthetic biology aims to create molecular ensembles that reproduce the organization and functions of living organisms and strives to integrate them in a modular and hierarchical fashion toward the basic unit of life-the cell-and beyond. This young field stands on the shoulders of fundamental research in molecular biology and biochemistry, next to synthetic chemistry, and, augmented by an engineering framework, has seen tremendous progress in recent years thanks to multiple technological and scientific advancements. In this timely review of the research over the past decade, we focus on three essential features of living cells: the ability to self-reproduce via recursive cycles of growth and division, the harnessing of energy to drive cellular processes, and the assembly of metabolic pathways. In addition, we cover the increasing efforts to establish multicellular systems via different communication strategies and critically evaluate the potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ivanov
- Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; , , , ,
| | - Sebastián López Castellanos
- Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; , , , ,
| | - Severo Balasbas
- Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; , , , ,
| | - Lado Otrin
- Electrochemical Energy Conversion, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; ,
| | - Nika Marušič
- Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; , , , ,
| | - Tanja Vidaković-Koch
- Electrochemical Energy Conversion, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; ,
| | - Kai Sundmacher
- Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; , , , , .,Department of Process Systems Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cornejo-Bravo JM, Palomino K, Palomino-Vizcaino G, Pérez-Landeros OM, Curiel-Alvarez M, Valdez-Salas B, Bucio E, Magaña H. Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) and Salicylic Acid Polymeric Prodrug Grafted onto Medical Silicone to Obtain a Novel Thermo- and pH-Responsive Drug Delivery System for Potential Medical Devices. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14051065. [PMID: 33668741 PMCID: PMC7956192 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New medical devices with anti-inflammatory properties are critical to prevent inflammatory processes and infections in medical/surgical procedures. In this work, we present a novel functionalization of silicone for medical use with a polymeric prodrug and a thermosensitive polymer, by graft polymerization (gamma rays), for the localized release of salicylic acid, an analgesic, and anti-inflammatory drug. Silicone rubber (SR) films were functionalized in two stages using graft polymerization from ionizing radiation (60Co). The first stage was grafting poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), a thermo-sensitive polymer, onto SR to obtain SR-g-PNVCL. In the second stage, poly(2-methacryloyloxy-benzoic acid) (P2MBA), a polymeric prodrug, was grafted to obtain (SR-g-PNVCL)-g-P2MBA. The degree of functionalization depended on the concentrations of monomers and the irradiation dose. The films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and contact angle. An upper critical solution temperature (UCST) of the films was demonstrated by the swelling degree as a temperature function. (SR-g-PNVCL)-g-P2MBA films demonstrated hydrolysis-mediated drug release from the polymeric prodrug, pH, and temperature sensitivity. GC–MS confirmed the presence of the drug (salicylic acid), after polymer hydrolysis. The concentration of the drug in the release media was quantified by HPLC. Cytocompatibility and thermo-/pH sensitivity of functionalized medical silicone were demonstrated in cancer and non-cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Cornejo-Bravo
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, University Boulevard No. 14418, Otay Mesa, Tijuana 22390, Mexico; (J.M.C.-B.); (K.P.)
| | - Kenia Palomino
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, University Boulevard No. 14418, Otay Mesa, Tijuana 22390, Mexico; (J.M.C.-B.); (K.P.)
| | - Giovanni Palomino-Vizcaino
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Baja California, University Boulevard No. 1000, Tijuana 22260, Mexico;
| | - Oscar M. Pérez-Landeros
- Institute of Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, Benito Juárez Boulevard, Mexicali 21280, Mexico; (O.M.P.-L.); (M.C.-A.); (B.V.-S.)
| | - Mario Curiel-Alvarez
- Institute of Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, Benito Juárez Boulevard, Mexicali 21280, Mexico; (O.M.P.-L.); (M.C.-A.); (B.V.-S.)
| | - Benjamín Valdez-Salas
- Institute of Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, Benito Juárez Boulevard, Mexicali 21280, Mexico; (O.M.P.-L.); (M.C.-A.); (B.V.-S.)
| | - Emilio Bucio
- Department of Radiation Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Institute of Nuclear Science, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Magaña
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, University Boulevard No. 14418, Otay Mesa, Tijuana 22390, Mexico; (J.M.C.-B.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Leggio L, Arrabito G, Ferrara V, Vivarelli S, Paternò G, Marchetti B, Pignataro B, Iraci N. Mastering the Tools: Natural versus Artificial Vesicles in Nanomedicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000731. [PMID: 32864899 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring extracellular vesicles and artificially made vesicles represent important tools in nanomedicine for the efficient delivery of biomolecules and drugs. Since its first appearance in the literature 50 years ago, the research on vesicles is progressing at a fast pace, with the main goal of developing carriers able to protect cargoes from degradation, as well as to deliver them in a time- and space-controlled fashion. While natural occurring vesicles have the advantage of being fully compatible with their host, artificial vesicles can be easily synthetized and functionalized according to the target to reach. Research is striving to merge the advantages of natural and artificial vesicles, in order to provide a new generation of highly performing vesicles, which would improve the therapeutic index of transported molecules. This progress report summarizes current manufacturing techniques used to produce both natural and artificial vesicles, exploring the promises and pitfalls of the different production processes. Finally, pros and cons of natural versus artificial vesicles are discussed and compared, with special regard toward the current applications of both kinds of vesicles in the healthcare field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania Torre Biologica, Via S. Sofia 97 Catania 95125 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Arrabito
- Department of Physics and Chemistry – Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Building 17, Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Vittorio Ferrara
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Catania Viale Andrea Doria 6 Catania 95125 Italy
| | - Silvia Vivarelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania Torre Biologica, Via S. Sofia 97 Catania 95125 Italy
| | - Greta Paternò
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania Torre Biologica, Via S. Sofia 97 Catania 95125 Italy
| | - Bianca Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania Torre Biologica, Via S. Sofia 97 Catania 95125 Italy
- Neuropharmacology Section OASI Institute for Research and Care on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging Troina 94018 Italy
| | - Bruno Pignataro
- Department of Physics and Chemistry – Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Building 17, Viale delle Scienze Palermo 90128 Italy
| | - Nunzio Iraci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences University of Catania Torre Biologica, Via S. Sofia 97 Catania 95125 Italy
| |
Collapse
|