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Shao W, Yu M, Xu X, Han X, Chen Y, Han J, Wu G, Xing W. Design of a Single-Atom In-N 3-S site to Modulate Exciton Behavior in Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306567. [PMID: 38161262 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Rational tailoring of the local coordination environment of single atoms has demonstrated a significant impact on the electronic state and catalytic performance, but the development of catalysts beyond noble/transition metals is profoundly significant and highly desired. Herein, the main-group metal indium (In) single atom is immobilized on sulfur-doped porous carbon nitride nanosheets (In@CNS) in the form of three nitrogen atoms coordinated with one sulfur atom (In-N3-S). Both theoretical calculations and advanced characterization investigations clearly elucidated that the single-atomic In-N3-S structures on In@CNS are powerful in promoting the dissociation of excitons into more free carriers as well as the charge separation, synergistically elevating electron concentration by 2.19 times with respect to pristine CNS. Meanwhile, the loading of In single atoms on CNS is responsible for altering electronic structure and lowering the Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption. Consequently, the optimized In@CNS-5.0 exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance, remarkable water-splitting and tetracycline hydrochloride degradation. The H2 production achieved to 10.11 mmol h-1g-1 with a notable apparent quantum yield of 19.70% at 400 nm and remained at 10.40% at 420 nm. These findings open a new perspective for in-depth comprehending the effect of the main-group metal single-atom coordination environment on promoting photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifan Shao
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mengjiao Yu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xusheng Xu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xinrui Han
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, 223100, China
| | - Guangyu Wu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, 223100, China
| | - Weinan Xing
- College of Ecology and Environment, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, 223100, China
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
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Liu D, Zhang C, Shi J, Shi Y, Nga TTT, Liu M, Shen S, Dong CL. Defect Engineering Simultaneously Regulating Exciton Dissociation in Carbon Nitride and Local Electron Density in Pt Single Atoms Toward Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2310289. [PMID: 38597769 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The high exciton binding energy (Eb) and sluggish surface reaction kinetics have severely limited the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of carbon nitride (CN). Herein, a hybrid system consisting of nitrogen defects and Pt single atoms is constructed through a facile self-assembly and photodeposition strategy. Due to the acceleration of exciton dissociation and regulation of local electron density of Pt single atoms along with the introduction of nitrogen defects, the optimized Pt-MCT-3 exhibits a hydrogen production rate of 172.0 µmol h-1 (λ ≥ 420 nm), ≈41 times higher than pristine CN. The apparent quantum yield for the hydrogen production is determined to be 27.1% at 420 nm. The experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the nitrogen defects act as the electron traps for the exciton dissociation, resulting in a decrease of Eb from 86.92 to 43.20 meV. Simultaneously, the stronger interaction between neighboring nitrogen defects and Pt single atoms directionally drives free electrons to aggregate around Pt single atoms, and tailors the d-band electrons of Pt, forming a moderate binding strength between Pt atoms and H* intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jinwen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
- Integrated Energy Institute, Sichuan Digital Economy Industry Development Research Institute, 88 Jiefang Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Yuchuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ta Thi Thuy Nga
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Maochang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shaohua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chun-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
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Tan H, Si W, Peng W, Chen X, Liu X, You Y, Wang L, Hou F, Liang J. Flexo-/Piezoelectric Polarization Boosting Exciton Dissociation in Curved Two-Dimensional Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10571-10578. [PMID: 37929933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) carbon nitride (CN) materials have received tremendous attention as photocatalysts for clean energy and environmental treatment. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of CN is constrained by the high exciton binding energy and sluggish charge kinetics due to weak dielectric screening, impeding the overall process. Herein, localized flexo-/piezoelectric polarization is introduced via strain engineering, boosting exciton dissociation and promoting charge separation to enhance the multielectron photocatalytic process. Consequently, the exciton binding energy of polarized CN is reduced from 52 to 34 meV, and the hydrogen evolution yield increased by 2.9 times compared to that of the pristine CN. For other photocatalytic reactions (e.g., H2O2 production), the polarized CN also maintained a 2.1-fold increase compared to the pristine CN. This strategy of inducing localized polarization via strain engineering provides new insights for boosting photocatalytic reactions involving electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Tan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenping Si
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Dingzigu Road 1, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- NIMS International Collaboration Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong You
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Applied Physics Department, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Li Z, Deng T, Ma S, Zhang Z, Wu G, Wang J, Li Q, Xia H, Yang SW, Liu X. Three-Component Donor-π-Acceptor Covalent-Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 36917067 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent-organic frameworks (2D COFs) have recently emerged as great prospects for their applications as new photocatalytic platforms in solar-to-hydrogen conversion; nevertheless, their inefficient solar energy capture and fast charge recombination hinder the improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen production performance. Herein, two photoactive three-component donor-π-acceptor (TCDA) materials were constructed using a multicomponent synthesis strategy by introducing electron-deficient triazine and electron-rich benzotrithiophene moieties into frameworks through sp2 carbon and imine linkages, respectively. Compared with two-component COFs, the novel TCDA-COFs are more convenient in regulating the inherent photophysical properties, thereby realizing outstanding photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution from water. Remarkably, the first sp2 carbon-linked TCDA-COF displays an impressive hydrogen evolution rate of 70.8 ± 1.9 mmol g-1 h-1 with excellent reusability in the presence of 1 wt % Pt under visible-light illumination (420-780 nm). Utilizing the combination of diversified spectroscopy and theoretical prediction, we show that the full π-conjugated linkage not only effectively broadens the visible-light harvesting of COFs but also enhances charge transfer and separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tianqi Deng
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore.,Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, P. R. China
| | - Si Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Jiaao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, United States
| | - Qizhen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shuo-Wang Yang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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5
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Ma S, Deng T, Li Z, Zhang Z, Jia J, Wu G, Xia H, Yang S, Liu X. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production on a sp
2
‐Carbon‐Linked Covalent Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208919. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Ma
- College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Tianqi Deng
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductors & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311200 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Ziping Li
- College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Ji Jia
- College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science, Technology and Research 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632
| | - Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Shuo‐Wang Yang
- Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science, Technology and Research 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
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6
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Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production on a sp2‐Carbon‐Linked Covalent Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Liu C, Chen G, Zhang Z, You Y. Expanding the Conjugate Structure of Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Light Absorption and Photothermal Conversion. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100502. [PMID: 34587316 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient and inexpensive materials for light energy conversion is very important for achieving sustainable energy supply and carbon neutrality. Polymeric carbon nitride has become a promising material for light energy conversion due to its advantages of simple preparation and high physical and chemical stability. However, the pristine polymeric carbon nitride only absorbs light with a wavelength of less than 450 nm, and the energy conversion for low-energy photons is very limited. Here, by introducing the pyromellitic dianhydride component to construct an in-plane heterostructure, the conjugated structure of polymeric carbon nitride is successfully expanded. This in-plane carbon nitride-carbon nanoribbon (C3 N4 -C) heterostructure has an ultrawide absorption range from 200 to 2000 nm. Compared with the original material, the photothermal conversion performance of C3 N4 -C is significantly improved under the irradiation of Xe lamp or infrared laser. Furthermore, C3 N4 -C exhibits good potential for synergistic photothermal and chemotherapy. This work provides a simple strategy to construct expanded conjugate structure for improved light absorption and energy conversion materials based on polymeric carbon nitride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Urologic oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yezi You
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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Yuan S, Zhang M, Lan X, Shi J. DMAP molecule grafting on a carbon nitride heptazine ring for the better degradation of pollutants – the synergy of electron withdrawing and steric hindrance effects. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01780b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (CN) is a promising candidate for use in photocatalytic pollutant degradation, but it only shows moderate activity because of its sluggish photocarrier transfer and insufficient light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoteng Yuan
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chengyang District, Qingdao, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chengyang District, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuefang Lan
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chengyang District, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinsheng Shi
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chengyang District, Qingdao, China
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