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Yang H, Wang W, Huang Z, Wang Z, Hu L, Wang M, Yang S, Jiao S. Weak Electrostatic Force on K + in Gel Polymer Electrolyte Realizes High Ion Transference Number for Quasi Solid-State Potassium Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401008. [PMID: 38446734 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Quasi-solid-state potassium-ion batteries (SSPIBs) are of great potential for commercial use due to the abundant reserves and cost-effectiveness of resources, as well as high safety. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with high ionic conductivity and fast interfacial charge transport are necessary for SSPIBs. Here, the weak electrostatic force between K+ and electronegative functional groups in the ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) polymer chains, which can promote fast migration of free K+, is revealed. To further enhance the interfacial reaction kinetics, a multilayered GPE by in situ growth of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) on ETPTA (PVDF-HFP|ETPTA|PVDF-HFP) is constructed to improve the interface contact and provide sufficient K+ concentration in PVDF-HFP. A high ion transference number (0.92) and a superior ionic conductivity (5.15 × 10-3 S cm-1) are achieved. Consequently, the SSPIBs with both intercalation-type (PB) and conversion-type (PTCDA) cathodes show the best battery performance among all reported SSPIBs of the same cathode. These findings demonstrate that potassium-ion batteries have the potential to surpass Li/Na ion batteries in solid-state systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huize Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liwen Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Mingyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shufeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuqiang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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Zhang C, Li C, Zhang K, Zhang S, Liu J, Wang M, Wang L. Building Flame-Retardant Polymer Electrolytes via Microcapsule Technology for Stable Lithium Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27470-27480. [PMID: 38742958 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Flame retardants could improve the safety properties of lithium batteries (LBs) with the sacrifice of electrochemical performance due to parasitic reactions. To concur with this, we designed thermal-response clothes for hexachlorophosphazene (HCP) additives by the microcapsule technique with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin as the shell. HCP@UF combines with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by hydrogen bonds successfully to form PAN-HCP@UF as the flame-retardant solid polymer electrolyte. The hydrogen bonds ensure excellent mechanical properties of the polymer electrolyte. The multiscale free radical-annihilating agent HCP effectively eliminates hydrogen free radicals of electrolytes under high temperature, showing excellent flame retardation. During the operation of the battery, functional groups on the UF resin act as active sites to promote the migration of lithium ions, while the internal HCP is protected from electrochemical reaction. With 25% HCP@UF addition, the limiting oxygen index of the PAN-HCP@UF increases to 28% and the Li+ transfer number up to 0.80. By UF protection, the initial capacity retention rate of the Li||LFP battery that assembles with PAN-HCP@UF is 88.8% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. Thus, the microcapsule-encapsulated approach is deemed to provide an innovative strategy to prepare high-safety solid-state LB with a stable long cycle life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Shenghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Wu J, Hu X, Fu B, Zhang X, Luo B, Khan K, Fang Z, Xu Z, Wu M. Interfacial Plasticization Strategy Enabling a Long-Cycle-Life Solid-State Lithium Metal Battery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304234. [PMID: 37994291 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The limited ionic conductivity and unstable interface due to poor solid-solid interface pose significant challenges to the stable cycling of solid-state batteries (SSBs). Herein, an interfacial plasticization strategy is proposed by introducing a succinonitrile (SN)-based plastic curing agent into the polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based composite polymer electrolytes (CPE) interface. The SN at the interface strongly plasticizes the PAN in the CPE, which reduces the crystallinity of the PAN drastically and enables the CPE to obtain a low modulus surface, but it still maintains a high modulus internally. The reduced crystallinity of PAN provides more amorphous regions, which are favorable for Li+ transport. The gradient modulus structure not only ensures intimate interfacial contact but also favors the suppression of Li dendrites growth. Consequently, the interfacial plasticized CPE (SF-CPE) obtains a high ionic conductivity of 4.8 × 10-4 S cm-1 as well as a high Li+ transference number of 0.61. The Li-Li symmetric cell with SF-CPE can cycle for 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm-2, the LiFeO4 (LFP)-Li full-cell demonstrates a high capacity retention of 86.1% after 1000 cycles at 1 C, and the LiCoO2 (LCO)-Li system also exhibits an excellent cycling performance. This work provides a novel strategy for long-life solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Jintian Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Bowen Fu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Xingwei Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Bin Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Kashif Khan
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Zixuan Fang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Ziqiang Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (HuZhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Mengqiang Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (HuZhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
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Shinde SS, Wagh NK, Kim S, Lee J. Li, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Al, and Ca Anode Interface Chemistries Developed by Solid-State Electrolytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304235. [PMID: 37743719 PMCID: PMC10646287 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have received significant attention due to their high energy density, reversible cycle life, and safe operations relative to commercial Li-ion batteries using flammable liquid electrolytes. This review presents the fundamentals, structures, thermodynamics, chemistries, and electrochemical kinetics of desirable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) required to meet the practical requirements of reversible anodes. Theoretical and experimental insights for metal nucleation, deposition, and stripping for the reversible cycling of metal anodes are provided. Ion transport mechanisms and state-of-the-art solid-state electrolytes (SEs) are discussed for realizing high-performance cells. The interface challenges and strategies are also concerned with the integration of SEs, anodes, and cathodes for large-scale SSBs in terms of physical/chemical contacts, space-charge layer, interdiffusion, lattice-mismatch, dendritic growth, chemical reactivity of SEI, current collectors, and thermal instability. The recent innovations for anode interface chemistries developed by SEs are highlighted with monovalent (lithium (Li+ ), sodium (Na+ ), potassium (K+ )) and multivalent (magnesium (Mg2+ ), zinc (Zn2+ ), aluminum (Al3+ ), calcium (Ca2+ )) cation carriers (i.e., lithium-metal, lithium-sulfur, sodium-metal, potassium-ion, magnesium-ion, zinc-metal, aluminum-ion, and calcium-ion batteries) compared to those of liquid counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambhaji S. Shinde
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Nayantara K. Wagh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Ho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
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Zhang W, Huang R, Yan X, Tian C, Xiao Y, Lin Z, Dai L, Guo Z, Chai L. Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium-Ion Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308891. [PMID: 37455282 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in the field of electrochemical energy storage devices that rely on potassium-ions as charge carriers due to their abundant resources and excellent ion transport properties. Nevertheless, future practical developments not only count on advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance, but also on competitive costs of electrodes for scalable production. In the past few decades, advanced carbon materials have attracted great interest due to their low cost, high selectivity, and structural suitability and have been widely investigated as functional materials for potassium-ion storage. This article provides an up-to-date overview of this rapidly developing field, focusing on recent advanced and mechanistic understanding of carbon-based electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries. In addition, we also discuss recent achievements of dual-ion batteries and conversion-type K-X (X=O2 , CO2 , S, Se, I2 ) batteries towards potential practical applications as high-voltage and high-power devices, and summarize carbon-based materials as the host for K-metal protection and possible directions for the development of potassium energy-related devices as well. Based on this, we bridge the gaps between various carbon-based functional materials structure and the related potassium-ion storage performance, especially provide guidance on carbon material design principles for next-generation potassium-ion storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chen Tian
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Liming Dai
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW-2052, Australia
| | - Zaiping Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA-5005, Australia
| | - Liyuan Chai
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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Tan H, Lin X. Electrolyte Design Strategies for Non-Aqueous High-Voltage Potassium-Based Batteries. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020823. [PMID: 36677883 PMCID: PMC9867274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-voltage potassium-based batteries are promising alternatives for lithium-ion batteries as next-generation energy storage devices. The stability and reversibility of such systems depend largely on the properties of the corresponding electrolytes. This review first presents major challenges for high-voltage electrolytes, such as electrolyte decomposition, parasitic side reactions, and current collector corrosion. Then, the state-of-the-art modification strategies for traditional ester and ether-based organic electrolytes are scrutinized and discussed, including high concentration, localized high concentration/weakly solvating strategy, multi-ion strategy, and addition of high-voltage additives. Besides, research advances of other promising electrolyte systems, such as potassium-based ionic liquids and solid-state-electrolytes are also summarized. Finally, prospective future research directions are proposed to further enhance the oxidative stability and non-corrosiveness of electrolytes for high-voltage potassium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, 999 Jinzhou Road, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Xiuyi Lin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence:
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Sullivan M, Tang P, Meng X. Atomic and Molecular Layer Deposition as Surface Engineering Techniques for Emerging Alkali Metal Rechargeable Batteries. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196170. [PMID: 36234705 PMCID: PMC9572714 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkali metals (lithium, sodium, and potassium) are promising as anodes in emerging rechargeable batteries, ascribed to their high capacity or abundance. Two commonly experienced issues, however, have hindered them from commercialization: the dendritic growth of alkali metals during plating and the formation of solid electrolyte interphase due to contact with liquid electrolytes. Many technical strategies have been developed for addressing these two issues in the past decades. Among them, atomic and molecular layer deposition (ALD and MLD) have been drawing more and more efforts, owing to a series of their unique capabilities. ALD and MLD enable a variety of inorganic, organic, and even inorganic-organic hybrid materials, featuring accurate nanoscale controllability, low process temperature, and extremely uniform and conformal coverage. Consequently, ALD and MLD have paved a novel route for tackling the issues of alkali metal anodes. In this review, we have made a thorough survey on surface coatings via ALD and MLD, and comparatively analyzed their effects on improving the safety and stability of alkali metal anodes. We expect that this article will help boost more efforts in exploring advanced surface coatings via ALD and MLD to successfully mitigate the issues of alkali metal anodes.
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Zhang W, Tian H, Wang J, Sun H, Wang J, Huang W. Quinone Electrode for Long Lifespan Potassium-Ion Batteries Based on Ionic Liquid Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38887-38894. [PMID: 35975973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a class of flexible and designable materials, organic electrode materials would greatly facilitate the progress of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), especially when the dissolution issue is ameliorated. Ionic liquid electrolytes (ILEs) do not merely alleviate the dissolution of organic materials but provide reliable security. Herein, Pillar[5]quinone (P5Q) as the cathode of PIBs is demonstrated for the first time, and the electrochemical performance of two common ILEs is investigated. In the 0.3 M KFSI-PY13FSI electrolyte with better conductivity, the P5Q cathode maintains a large reversible capacity of 232 mAh g-1 (450 Wh kg-1) after 100 cycles at 0.2C at 1.2-4.0 V. When a current density of 2.0C is applied, the cell retains a capacity of 101 mAh g-1 (211 Wh kg-1) after 1000 cycles and 61 mAh g-1 (125 Wh kg-1) even over 5000 cycles. This research would inspire research on organic electrodes and advance the application of PIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Tian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Yi Y, Li J, Gao Z, Liu W, Zhao Y, Wang M, Zhao W, Han Y, Sun J, Zhang J. Highly Potassiophilic Graphdiyne Skeletons Decorated with Cu Quantum Dots Enable Dendrite-Free Potassium-Metal Anodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202685. [PMID: 35593435 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Employing an Al foil current collector at the potassium anode side is an ideal choice to entail low-cost and high-energy potassium-metal batteries (PMBs). Nevertheless, the poor affinity between the potassium and the planar Al can cause uneven K plating/stripping and, hence, an undermined anode performance, which remains a significant challenge to be addressed. Herein, a nitrogen-doped carbon@graphdiyne (NC@GDY)-modified Al current collector affording potassiophilic properties is proposed, which simultaneously suppresses the dendrite growth and prolongs the lifespan of K anodes. The thin and light modification layer (7 µm thick, with a mass loading of 500 µg cm-2 ) is fabricated by directly growing GDY nanosheets interspersed with Cu quantum dots on NC polyhedron templates. As a result, symmetric cell tests reveal that the K@NC@GDY-Al electrode exhibits an unprecedented cycle life of over 2400 h at a 40% depth of discharge. Even at an 80% depth of discharge, the cell can still sustain for 850 h. When paired with a potassium Prussian blue cathode, the thus-assembled full cell demonstrates comparable capacity and rate performance with state-of-the-art PMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Yi
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS, Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqiang Li
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhixiao Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS, Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS, Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Menglei Wang
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS, Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS, Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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