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Liu L, Han L, Chen T, Li J, Qian Z, Gan G. Thermally Conductive Polydimethylsiloxane-Based Composite with a Three-Dimensional Vertically Aligned Thermal Network Incorporating Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Nanodiamonds. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39264622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Thermal interface materials play a pivotal role in efficiently transferring heat from heating devices to thermal management components, thereby reducing the risk of component degradation due to overheating. In this study, we propose a strategy for enhancing the out-of-plane thermal conductivity (TC) of composite materials by fabricating a three-dimensional (3D) thermal network within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Specifically, the composite material was designed to incorporate a dense thermal network comprising hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) and nanodiamonds (NDs). The fabrication process commenced with the preparation of BNNSs through liquid-phase exfoliation, followed by the creation of a 3D BNNSs-NDs/polyimide aerogel thermal framework using a unidirectional solidification ice templating method and subsequent heat treatment. Vacuum impregnation and curing were then employed to finalize the production of the 3D BNNSs-NDs/PDMS composite material. Characterization analyses indicated that the addition of NDs filled the voids between BNNSs, leading to the densification of the thermal framework pore walls and the establishment of additional thermal pathways. Impressively, with concentrations of BNNSs and NDs of 17.99 and 7.71 wt %, respectively, the out-of-plane TC of the 3D BNNSs-NDs/PDMS composite material reached 1.623 W m-1 K-1, marking notable enhancements of 754.21% and 256.70% compared to those of pure PDMS and composites prepared via direct blending with randomly distributed BNNSs and NDs, respectively. Furthermore, the 3D BNNSs-NDs thermal framework improved the compressive strength and the dimensional stability of the composite material. Finite element simulations additionally confirmed the synergistic improvement of the TC achieved through the combination of BNNSs and NDs, demonstrating that the 3D BNNSs-NDs/PDMS composite material displayed superior heat conduction and a greater density of thermal pathways compared to those of its counterparts, including 3D BNNSs/PDMS and 3D NDs/PDMS composite materials. In summary, this work presents a strategy for enhancing the out-of-plane TC of polymer-based composite materials by incorporating vertically aligned thermal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Han
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Kunming Institute of Precious Metals, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals, Kunming 650106, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Platinum Metals Company, Ltd., Kunming 650106, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Qian
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyou Gan
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, People's Republic of China
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2
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Zeng J, Liang T, Yang B, Rao T, Han M, Yao Y, Xu JB, Li L, Sun R. Poly(ionic liquid)s: A Promising Matrix for Thermal Interface Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:45563-45576. [PMID: 39162026 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The swift progression of high-density chiplet packaging, propelled by the artificial intelligence revolution, has precipitated a critical need for high-performance chip-scale thermal interface materials (TIMs). The elevated thermal resistance, limited interfacial adhesion, and mechanical flexibility intrinsic to silicone systems present a substantial challenge in meeting reliability standards amidst chip warpage. This particular matter underscores a significant performance bottleneck within existing high-end TIMs. In this study, we present poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) as an innovative matrix for TIMs. Our findings highlight the unique properties of PILs, showcasing a low elastic modulus (60 kPa), exceptional flexibility and stretchability (>3800%), high adhesion to diverse substrates (up to 4.10 MPa), favorable filler compatibility, remarkable thermal stability, and prompt self-healing capabilities coupled with recyclability. The collective findings suggest that the PIL serves as an ideal matrix for heat transfer. As a proof of concept, PIL blended with liquid metal was straightforwardly combined to produce a TIM, exhibiting exceptional performance within practical encapsulated structures. The PIL-based TIM demonstrates substantial elongation at break (>350%), coupled with sustained high adhesion strength (up to 1.70 MPa), and exhibits favorable thermal conductivity in package testing. This study presents an innovative TIM matrix with the potential to enhance existing TIM systems, delivering significant performance benefits compared to silicones. Besides elucidating their multifaceted characteristics, this study forecasts an expanded range of applications for PILs, along with laying the groundwork for advancing next-generation TIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Department of Electronics Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Baohao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Taoying Rao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Meng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yimin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian-Bin Xu
- Department of Electronics Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Liejun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Huang K, Pei S, Wei Q, Zhang Q, Guo J, Ma C, Cheng HM, Ren W. Highly Thermally Conductive and Flexible Thermal Interface Materials with Aligned Graphene Lamella Frameworks. ACS NANO 2024; 18:23468-23476. [PMID: 39149802 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Highly thermally conductive and flexible thermal interface materials (TIMs) are desirable for heat dissipation in modern electronic devices. Here, we fabricated a high-crystalline aligned graphene lamella framework (AGLF) with precisely controlled lamella thickness, pore structure, and excellent intergraphene contact by manipulating the thermal expansion behavior of scanning centrifugal casted graphene oxide films. The rational design of the AGLF balances the trade-off between the thermal conductivity and flexibility of TIMs. The AGLF-based TIM (AGLF-TIM) shows a record thermal conductivity of 196.3 W m-1 K-1 with a graphene loading of only 9.4 vol %, which is about 4 times higher than those of reported TIMs at a similar graphene loading. Meanwhile, good flexibility remains comparable to that of commercial TIMs. As a result, an LED device achieves an additional temperature decrease of ∼8 °C with the use of AGLF-TIM compared to high-performance commercial TIMs. This work offers a strategy for the controlled fabrication of graphene macrostructures, showing the potential use of graphene as filler frameworks in thermal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Huang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Songfeng Pei
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qinwei Wei
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Wencai Ren
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
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4
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Sun X, Ma WX, Zhang JX, Wang ZY, Wang Y, Zhang H, Du XY, Liu JD, Li W, Zhao ZB. Exploring the Impact of Visual Heat Conduction Paths on Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Composites and the Practical Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:16538-16548. [PMID: 39041610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The theory of heat conduction paths has been widely recognized and widely studied in the research about the thermal conductivity of thermal conductive polymer composites at present. Encapsulating polymer pellets with thermally conductive fillers and processing them into thermally conductive polymer composites is a simple and effective method for constructing heat conduction paths. It is meaningful to investigate the related heat conduction mechanism of this method. Otherwise, this approach can significantly preserve the performance of the polymer substrate, making it highly valuable for practical material applications. In this work, polyethylene-octene elastomer (POE) pellets were encapsulated with thermal conductive fillers by physical absorption. Subsequently, the composite films containing heat conduction paths were fabricated using the encapsulated POE pellets through a heating press. Alumina (Al2O3), boron nitride (BN), and alumina/boron nitride hybrid (Al2O3/BN) fillers were used to prepare Al2O3@POE, BN@POE, and BN/Al2O3@POE composite films to investigate the influence of filler shapes on heat conduction path construction. The influence of the constitute and density of heat conduction paths on the thermal conductivity of composite films was analyzed by infrared thermal imaging, finite element analysis, and thermal resistance theory in detail. Owing to the reserved good adhesion and flexibility of the POE substrate, the composite films could be directly used as thermal interface materials for chip cooling, which presented a good heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, a series of integrated composite materials were prepared by the combination of encapsulated pellets with various functional films (copper foil, aluminum foil, and graphite sheet) through a one-pot heating press, exhibiting a good electromagnetic shielding effect. The performance of the composites and the corresponding preparation method demonstrate the strong significance of this research for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Zheng-Yi Wang
- Tesa (Suzhou) Tape Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Xiang-Yun Du
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Ji-Dong Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Zheng-Bai Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
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5
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Zhang H, He Q, Yu H, Qin M, Feng Y, Feng W. Mussel-Inspired Polymer-Based Composites for Efficient Thermal Management in Dry and Underwater Environments. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39094105 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
To address the escalating power consumption of processors in data centers and the growing emphasis on environmental sustainability, the prospective shift from traditional air-cooling to immersion liquid cooling necessitates multiple functional integrations in polymer-based thermal conductive materials. Here, drawing inspiration from mussels, we showed a copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-dopamine methacrylate) (PDMS-DMA), with a variety of reversible molecular interactions and simply combined with liquid metal (EGaIn) can yield a flexible, waterproof, and electrically insulating thermal conductive composite. The obtained PDMS-DMA/EGaIn composites demonstrate a harmonious blend of attributes, including a low modulus (75.8 kPa), high thermal conductivity of 6.9 W m-1 K-1, and rapid room-temperature self-healing capabilities, capable of complete repair within 20 min, even under water. Based on its electrically insulating and water resistance properties, PDMS-DMA/EGaIn emerges as a promising candidate for efficient and stable heat transfer in both air and underwater thermal management. Consequently, this water-resistant polymer-based composite holds significance for application in thermal protective layers for future immersion liquid cooling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Qingxia He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Huitao Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yiyu Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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6
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Abdallah Z, Pomeroy JW, Blasakis N, Baltopoulos A, Kuball M. Simultaneous Measurement of Thermal Conductivity and Volumetric Heat Capacity of Thermal Interface Materials Using Thermoreflectance. ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2024; 6:5183-5189. [PMID: 39070086 PMCID: PMC11270828 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.4c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Thermal interface materials are crucial to minimize the thermal resistance between a semiconductor device and a heat sink, especially for high-power electronic devices, which are susceptible to self-heating-induced failures. The effectiveness of these interface materials depends on their low thermal contact resistance coupled with high thermal conductivity. Various characterization techniques are used to determine the thermal properties of the thermal interface materials. However, their bulk or free-standing thermal properties are typically assessed rather than their thermal performance when applied as a thin layer in real application. In this study, we introduce a low-frequency range frequency domain thermoreflectance method that can measure the effective thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity of thermal interface materials simultaneously in situ, illustrated on silver-filled thermal interface material samples, offering a distinct advantage over traditional techniques such as ASTM D5470. Monte Carlo fitting is used to quantify the thermal conductivities and heat capacities and their uncertainties, which are compared to a more efficient least-squares method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Abdallah
- Center
for Device Thermography and Reliability (CDTR), University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - James W. Pomeroy
- Center
for Device Thermography and Reliability (CDTR), University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Blasakis
- Adamant
Composites Ltd., Agias
lavras & Stadiou Str., Platani-Patras, Achaia GR-26504, Greece
| | - Athanasios Baltopoulos
- Adamant
Composites Ltd., Agias
lavras & Stadiou Str., Platani-Patras, Achaia GR-26504, Greece
| | - Martin Kuball
- Center
for Device Thermography and Reliability (CDTR), University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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7
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Lu J, Ming X, Cao M, Liu Y, Wang B, Shi H, Hao Y, Zhang P, Li K, Wang L, Li P, Gao W, Cai S, Sun B, Yu ZZ, Xu Z, Gao C. Scalable Compliant Graphene Fiber-Based Thermal Interface Material with Metal-Level Thermal Conductivity via Dual-Field Synergistic Alignment Engineering. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18560-18571. [PMID: 38941591 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
High-performance thermal interface materials (TIMs) are highly desired for high-power electronic devices to accelerate heat dissipation. However, the inherent trade-off conflict between achieving high thermal conductivity and excellent compliance of filler-enhanced TIMs results in the unsatisfactory interfacial heat transfer efficiency of existing TIM solutions. Here, we report the graphene fiber (GF)-based elastic TIM with metal-level thermal conductivity via mechanical-electric dual-field synergistic alignment engineering. Compared with state-of-the-art carbon fiber (CF), GF features both superb high thermal conductivity of ∼1200 W m-1 K-1 and outstanding flexibility. Under dual-field synergistic alignment regulation, GFs are vertically aligned with excellent orientation (0.88) and high array density (33.5 mg cm-2), forming continuous thermally conductive pathways. Even at a low filler content of ∼17 wt %, GF-based TIM demonstrates extraordinarily high through-plane thermal conductivity of up to 82.4 W m-1 K-1, exceeding most CF-based TIMs and even comparable to commonly used soft indium foil. Benefiting from the low stiffness of GF, GF-based TIM shows a lower compressive modulus down to 0.57 MPa, an excellent resilience rate of 95% after compressive cycles, and diminished contact thermal resistance as low as 7.4 K mm2 W-1. Our results provide a superb paradigm for the directed assembly of thermally conductive and flexible GFs to achieve scalable and high-performance TIMs, overcoming the long-standing bottleneck of mechanical-thermal mismatch in TIM design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Ming
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Min Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Center for Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Hangzhou Gaoxi Technol Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311113, China
| | - Hang Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peijuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kaiwen Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lidan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shengying Cai
- Center for Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhong-Zhen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China
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8
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Zhan K, Chen Y, Xiong Z, Zhang Y, Ding S, Zhen F, Liu Z, Wei Q, Liu M, Sun B, Cheng HM, Qiu L. Low thermal contact resistance boron nitride nanosheets composites enabled by interfacial arc-like phonon bridge. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2905. [PMID: 38575613 PMCID: PMC10994942 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials with ultrahigh in-plane thermal conductivity are ideal for heat spreader applications but cause significant thermal contact resistance in complex interfaces, limiting their use as thermal interface materials. In this study, we present an interfacial phonon bridge strategy to reduce the thermal contact resistance of boron nitride nanosheets-based composites. By using a low-molecular-weight polymer, we are able to manipulate the alignment of boron nitride nanosheets through sequential stacking and cutting, ultimately achieving flexible thin films with a layer of arc-like structure superimposed on perpendicularly aligned ones. Our results suggest that arc-like structure can act as a phonon bridge to lower the contact resistance by 70% through reducing phonon back-reflection and enhancing phonon coupling efficiency at the boundary. The resulting composites exhibit ultralow thermal contact resistance of 0.059 in2 KW-1, demonstrating effective cooling of fast-charging batteries at a thickness 2-5 times thinner than commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yucong Chen
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xiong
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510614, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yulun Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyuan Ding
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangzheng Zhen
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute (MSRI), Monash University, 215000, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenshi Liu
- Sunwoda Electronic Co., Ltd., 518108, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd., 523860, Dongguan, China
| | - Minsu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute (MSRI), Monash University, 215000, Suzhou, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, 528200, Foshan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua International Graduate School, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Thermal Management Engineering and Materials, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Energy Materials for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Road, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
- Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, 291 Louming Road, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, 110016, Shenyang, China.
| | - Ling Qiu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (TSIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua International Graduate School, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Thermal Management Engineering and Materials, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Zheng S, Xue H, Liu Y, Yu X, Cao Z. Alveoli-Mimetic Synergistic Liquid and Solid Thermal Conductive Interface as a Novel Strategy for Designing High-Performance Thermal Interface Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306750. [PMID: 38044278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermal interface materials (TIMs) are in desperate desire with the development of the modern electronic industry. An excellent TIM needs desired comprehensive properties including but not limited to high thermal conductivity, low Yong's modulus, lightweight, as well as low price. However, as is typically the case, those properties are naturally contradictory. To tackle such dilemmas, a strategy of construction high-performance TIM inspired by alveoli is proposed. The material design includes the self-alignment of graphite into 3D interconnected thermally conductive networks by polydimethylsiloxane beads (PBs) -the alveoli; and a small amount of liquid metal (LM) - capillary networks bridging the PBs and graphite network. Through the delicate structural regulation and the synergistic effect of the LM and solid graphite filler, superb thermal conductivity (9.98 ± 0.34 W m-1 K-1) can be achieved. The light emitting diode (LED) application and their performance in the central processing unit (CPU) heat dispersion manifest the TIM developed in the work has stable thermal conductivity for long-term applications. The thermally conductive, soft, and lightweight composites are believed to be high-performance silicone bases TIMs for advanced electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Haiyan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhihai Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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10
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Mumtaz N, Li Y, Artiaga R, Farooq Z, Mumtaz A, Guo Q, Nisa FU. Fillers and methods to improve the effective (out-plane) thermal conductivity of polymeric thermal interface materials - A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25381. [PMID: 38352797 PMCID: PMC10862693 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The internet of things and growing demand for smaller and more advanced devices has created the problem of high heat production in electronic equipment, which greatly reduces the work performance and life of the electronic instruments. Thermal interface material (TIM) is placed in between heat generating micro-chip and the heat dissipater to conduct all the produced heat to the heat sink. The development of suitable TIM with excellent thermal conductivity (TC) in both in-plane and through-plane directions is a very important need at present. For efficient thermal management, polymer composites are potential candidates. But in general, their thermal conductivity is low compared to that of metals. The filler integration into the polymer matrix is one of the two approaches used to increase the thermal conductivity of polymer composites and is also easy to scale up for industrial production. Another way to achieve this is to change the structure of polymer chains, which fall out of the scope of this work. In this review, considering the first approach, the authors have summarized recent developments in many types of fillers with different scenarios by providing multiple cases with successful strategies to improve through-plane thermal conductivity (TPTC) (k⊥). For a better understanding of TC, a comprehensive background is presented. Several methods to improve the effective (out-plane) thermal conductivity of polymer composites and different theoretical models for the calculation of TC are also discussed. In the end, it is given a detailed conclusion that provides drawbacks of some fillers, multiple significant routes recommended by other researchers to build thermally conductive polymer composites, future aspects along with direction so that the researchers can get a guideline to design an effective polymer-based thermal interface material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nighat Mumtaz
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ramón Artiaga
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Navales e Industriales. Campus Industrial de Ferrol, University of A Coruña, Avda. Mendizábal s/n, 15403 Ferrol, Spain
| | - Zunaira Farooq
- Soybean Research Institute, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Amina Mumtaz
- Department of Physics, The Women University Multan, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Fakhr-Un Nisa
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan 66000, Pakistan
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11
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Lin Y, Li P, Liu W, Chen J, Liu X, Jiang P, Huang X. Application-Driven High-Thermal-Conductivity Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3851-3870. [PMID: 38266182 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites combine the merits of polymer matrices and the unusual effects of nanoscale reinforcements and have been recognized as important members of the material family. Being a fundamental material property, thermal conductivity directly affects the molding and processing of materials as well as the design and performance of devices and systems. Polymer nanocomposites have been used in numerous industrial fields; thus, high demands are placed on the thermal conductivity feature of polymer nanocomposites. In this Perspective, we first provide roadmaps for the development of polymer nanocomposites with isotropic, in-plane, and through-plane high thermal conductivities, demonstrating the great effect of nanoscale reinforcements on thermal conductivity enhancement of polymer nanocomposites. Then the significance of the thermal conductivity of polymer nanocomposites in different application fields, including wearable electronics, thermal interface materials, battery thermal management, dielectric capacitors, electrical equipment, solar thermal energy storage, biomedical applications, carbon dioxide capture, and radiative cooling, are highlighted. In future research, we should continue to focus on methods that can further improve the thermal conductivity of polymer nanocomposites. On the other hand, we should pay more attention to the synergistic improvement of the thermal conductivity and other properties of polymer nanocomposites. Emerging polymer nanocomposites with high thermal conductivity should be based on application-oriented research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengli Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingkai Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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12
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Yang K, Yang X, Liu Z, Zhang R, Yue Y, Wang F, Li K, Shi X, Yuan J, Liu N, Wang Z, Wang G, Xin G. Scalable microfluidic fabrication of vertically aligned two-dimensional nanosheets for superior thermal management. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3536-3547. [PMID: 37272086 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00615h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have been assembled into various macroscopic structures for wide engineering applications. To fully explore their exceptional thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties, 2D nanosheets must be aligned into highly ordered structures due to their strong structural anisotropy. Structures stacked layer by layer such as films and fibers have been readily assembled from 2D nanosheets due to their planar geometry. However, scalable manufacturing of macroscopic structures with vertically aligned 2D nanosheets remains challenging, given their large lateral size with a thickness of only a few nanometers. Herein, we report a scalable and efficient microfluidics-enabled sheet-aligning process to assemble 2D nanosheets into a large-area film with a highly ordered vertical alignment. By applying microchannels with a high aspect ratio, 2D nanosheets were well aligned vertically under strong channel size confinement and high flow shear stress. A vertically aligned graphene sheet film was obtained and applied to effectively improve the heat transfer of thermal interfacial materials (TIMs). Superior through-plane thermal conductivity of 82.7 W m-1 K-1 at a low graphene content of 11.8 vol% was measured for vertically aligned TIMs. Thus, they demonstrate exceptional thermal management performance for switching power supplies with high reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiaoran Yang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zexin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yue Yue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Kangyong Li
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiaojie Shi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Integrated Power Systems and Device Technology, Hubei Jiufengshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Ningyu Liu
- Department of Integrated Power Systems and Device Technology, Hubei Jiufengshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430206, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Gongkai Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Guoqing Xin
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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13
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Zhang XD, Zhang ZT, Wang HZ, Cao BY. Thermal Interface Materials with High Thermal Conductivity and Low Young's Modulus Using a Solid-Liquid Metal Codoping Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3534-3542. [PMID: 36604306 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thermal interface materials (TIMs), as typical thermal functional materials, are highly required to possess both high thermal conductivity and low Young's modulus. However, the naturally synchronized change in the thermal and mechanical properties seriously hinders the development of high-performance TIMs. To tackle such a dilemma, a strategy of codoping solid fillers and liquid metal fillers into polymer substrates is proposed in this study. This strategy includes a large amount of liquid metals that play the role of thermal paths and a small amount of uniformly dispersed solid fillers that further enhance heat conduction. Through the synergistic effect of the liquid metal and solid fillers, the thermal conductivity can be improved, and Young's modulus can be kept small simultaneously. A typical TIM with a volume of 55% gallium-based liquid metal and 15% copper particles as fillers has a thermal conductivity of 3.94 W/(m·K) and a Young's modulus of 699 kPa, which had the maximum thermomechanical performance coefficient compared with liquid metal TIMs and solid filler-doped TIMs. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the solid-liquid metal codoped TIM increased sharply with an increase of liquid metal content, and Young's modulus increased rapidly with an increase of the volume ratio of copper and polymer. The high-low-temperature cycling test and large-size light-emitting diode (LED) application demonstrated that this TIM had stable physical performance. The synergistic effect of the solid fillers and liquid metal fillers provides a broad space to solve the classic tradeoff issue of the mechanical and thermal properties of composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Zi-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Hong-Zhang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Bing-Yang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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14
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Ma D, Xing Y, Zhang L. Reducing interfacial thermal resistance by interlayer. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 35:053001. [PMID: 36541482 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca50a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heat dissipation is crucial important for the performance and lifetime for highly integrated electronics, Li-ion battery-based devices and so on, which lies in the decrease of interfacial thermal resistance (ITR). To achieve this goal, introducing interlayer is the most widely used strategy in industry, which has attracted tremendous attention from researchers. In this review, we focus on bonding effect and bridging effect to illustrate how introduced interlayer decreases ITR. The behind mechanisms and theoretical understanding of these two effects are clearly illustrated. Simulative and experimental studies toward utilizing these two effects to decrease ITR of real materials and practical systems are reviewed. Specifically, the mechanisms and design rules for the newly emerged graded interlayers are discussed. The optimization of interlayers by machine learning algorithms are reviewed. Based on present researches, challenges and possible future directions about this topic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Ma
- Phonon Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science, Institute of Physics Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Sciences, School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuheng Xing
- Department of Physics, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifa Zhang
- Phonon Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science, Institute of Physics Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Sciences, School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
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15
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Wang Q, Li T, Ding Y, Chen H, Cao X, Xia J, Li B, Sun B. AWI-Assembled TPU-BNNS Composite Films with High In-Plane Thermal Conductivity for Thermal Management of Flexible Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41447-41455. [PMID: 36049055 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermal management of flexible/stretchable electronics has been a crucial issue. Mass supernumerary thermal heat is created in the repetitive course of deformation because of the large nanocontact resistance between electric conductive fillers, as well as the interfacial resistance between fillers and the polymer matrix. Here, we report a stretchable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) composite film with a high in-plane thermal conductivity based on an air/water interfacial (AWI) assembly method. In addition to rigid devices, it was capable for thermal management of flexible electronics. During more than 2000 cycles of the bending-releasing process, the average saturated surface temperature of the flexible conductor covered with composite film with 30 wt % BNNSs was approximately 40.8 ± 1 °C (10.5 °C lower than that with pure TPU). Moreover, the thermal dissipating property of the composite under stretching was measured. All the results prove that this TPU-BNNS composite film is a candidate for thermal management of next-generation flexible/stretchable electronics with high power density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Wang
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Tianshuo Li
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Department of Basic, Ma'anshan University, Ma'anshan 243100, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Ding
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Huibao Chen
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiyue Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Baowen Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305-0427, United States
| | - Bin Sun
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- College of Electronics and Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Weihai Innovation Research Institute, Qingdao University, Weihai 264200, P. R. China
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16
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Wang H, Hao J, Yang D. Noncovalent functionalization of boron nitride via chelation of tannic acid with Fe ions for constructing high thermally conductive polymeric composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Wang
- College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Jian Hao
- College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Dan Yang
- Collage of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
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