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Wu H, Wen H, Wang C, Li F, Chen Y, Su L, Wang L. Tailored Yolk-Shell Design to Silicon Microparticles via Scalable and Template-Free Synthesis for Superior Lithium Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311779. [PMID: 38530085 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Micrometer-sized Si particles are beneficial to practical lithium-ion batteries in regard to low cost and high volumetric energy density in comparison with nanostructured Si anodes. However, both the issues of electrical contact loss and overgrowth of solid electrolyte interface for microscale Si induced by colossal volume change still remain to be addressed. Herein, a scalable and template-free method is introduced to fabricate yolk-shell structured Si anode from commercially available Si microparticles. The void is created via a one-step alkali etching process with the remaining silicon core as the yolk, and a double-walled shell is formed from simultaneous in situ growth of the conformal native oxide layer and subsequent carbon coating. In this configuration, the well-defined void spaces allow the Si core to expand without compromising structural integrity, while the double-walled shell acts as a static capsule to confine silicon fragments despite likely particle fracture. Therefore, electrical connectivity is maintained on both the particle and electrode level during deep galvanostatic cycling, and the solid-electrolyte interface is stabilized on the shell surface. Owing to the benefits of tailored design, excellent cycling stability (capacity retention of 95% after 100 cycles) and high coulombic efficiency (99.5%) are realized in a practical full-cell demonstration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Fenghui Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Su
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Lianbang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
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Li F, Wu H, Wen H, Wang C, Shen C, Su L, Liu S, Chen Y, Wang L. Constructing a Stable Integrated Silicon Electrode with Efficient Lithium Storage Performance through Multidimensional Structural Design. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:8802-8812. [PMID: 38319879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) stands out as a highly promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. However, its low intrinsic conductivity and the severe volume changes during the lithiation/delithiation process adversely affect cycling stability and hinder commercial viability. Rational design of electrode architecture to enhance charge transfer and optimize stress distribution of Si is a transformative way to enhance cycling stability, which still remains a great challenge. In this work, we fabricated a stable integrated Si electrode by combining two-dimensional graphene sheets (G), one-dimensional Si nanowires (SiNW), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) through the cyclization process of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The integrated electrode features a G/SiNW framework enveloped by a conformal coating consisting of cyclized PAN (cPAN) and CNT. This configuration establishes interconnected electron and lithium-ion transport channels, coupled with a rigid-flexible encapsulated coating, ensuring both high conductivity and resistance against the substantial volume changes in the electrode. The unique multidimensional structural design enhances the rate performance, cyclability, and structural stability of the integrated electrode, yielding a gravimetric capacity (based on the total mass of the electrode) of 650 mAh g-1 after 1000 cycles at 3.0 A g-1. When paired with a commercial LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode, the resulting full cell retains 84.8% of its capacity after 160 cycles at 2.0 C and achieves an impressive energy density of 435 Wh kg-1 at 0.5 C, indicating significant potential for practical applications. This study offers valuable insights into comprehensive electrode structure design at the electrode level for Si-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Institute of Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hong Wen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chaoqi Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Liwei Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lianbang Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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