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Zhang J, Li X, Tian Y, Zou J, Gan D, Deng D, Jiao C, Yin Y, Tian B, Wu R, Chen F, He X. Harnessing Mechanical Stress with Viscoelastic Biomaterials for Periodontal Ligament Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309562. [PMID: 38460171 PMCID: PMC11095218 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The viscoelasticity of mechanically sensitive tissues such as periodontal ligaments (PDLs) is key in maintaining mechanical homeostasis. Unfortunately, PDLs easily lose viscoelasticity (e.g., stress relaxation) during periodontitis or dental trauma, which disrupt cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and accelerates tissue damage. Here, Pluronic F127 diacrylate (F127DA) hydrogels with PDL-matched stress relaxation rates and high elastic moduli are developed. The hydrogel viscoelasticity is modulated without chemical cross-linking by controlling precursor concentrations. Under cytomechanical loading, F127DA hydrogels with fast relaxation rates significantly improved the fibrogenic differentiation potential of PDL stem cells (PDLSCs), while cells cultured on F127DA hydrogels with various stress relaxation rates exhibited similar fibrogenic differentiation potentials with limited cell spreading and traction forces under static conditions. Mechanically, faster-relaxing F127DA hydrogels leveraged cytomechanical loading to activate PDLSC mechanotransduction by upregulating integrin-focal adhesion kinase pathway and thus cytoskeletal rearrangement, reinforcing cell-ECM interactions. In vivo experiments confirm that faster-relaxing F127DA hydrogels significantly promoted PDL repair and reduced abnormal healing (e.g., root resorption and ankyloses) in delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. This study firstly investigated how matrix nonlinear viscoelasticity influences the fibrogenesis of PDLSCs under mechanical stimuli, and it reveals the underlying mechanobiology, which suggests novel strategies for PDL regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu‐Jiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Yi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Jie‐Kang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Dian Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Dao‐Kun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Chen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Bei‐Min Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Rui‐Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Fa‐Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
| | - Xiao‐Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China
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Yu GT, Zhu WX, Zhao YY, Cui H, Chen H, Chen Y, Ning TT, Rong MD, Rao L, Ma DD. 3D-printed bioink loading with stem cells and cellular vesicles for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025007. [PMID: 38241709 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The suitable microenvironment of bone regeneration is critically important for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair. Three major challenges in achieving a robust osteogenic reaction are the exist of oral inflammation, pathogenic bacteria invasion and unaffluent seed cells. Herein, a customizable and multifunctional 3D-printing module was designed with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) modified epsilon-poly-L-lysine (EPLGMA) loading periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and myeloid-derived suppressive cells membrane vesicles (MDSCs-MV) bioink (EPLGMA/PDLSCs/MDSCs-MVs, abbreviated as EPM) for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair. The EPM showed excellent mechanical properties and physicochemical characteristics, providing a suitable microenvironment for bone regeneration.In vitro, EPMs presented effectively kill the periodontopathic bacteria depend on the natural antibacterial properties of the EPL. Meanwhile, MDSCs-MV was confirmed to inhibit T cells through CD73/CD39/adenosine signal pathway, exerting an anti-inflammatory role. Additionally, seed cells of PDLSCs provide an adequate supply for osteoblasts. Moreover, MDSCs-MV could significantly enhance the mineralizing capacity of PDLSCs-derived osteoblast. In the periodontal bone defect rat model, the results of micro-CT and histological staining demonstrated that the EPM scaffold similarly had an excellent anti-inflammatory and bone regeneration efficacyin vivo. This biomimetic and multifunctional 3D-printing bioink opens new avenues for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair and future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Tao Yu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xiang Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yue Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Ning
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Deng Rong
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Ma
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
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