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He Q, Shaw J, Firdaus Y, Hu X, Ding B, Marsh AV, Dumon AS, Han Y, Fei Z, Anthopoulos TD, McNeill CR, Heeney M. p-Type Conjugated Polymers Containing Electron-Deficient Pentacyclic Azepinedione. Macromolecules 2023; 56:5825-5834. [PMID: 37576475 PMCID: PMC10413964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisthienoazepinedione (BTA) has been reported for constructing high-performing p-type conjugated polymers in organic electronics, but the ring extended version of BTA is not well explored. In this work, we report a new synthesis of a key building block to the ring expanded electron-deficient pentacyclic azepinedione (BTTA). Three copolymers of BTAA with benzodithiophene substituted by different side chains are prepared. These polymers exhibit similar energy levels and optical absorption in solution and solid state, while significant differences are revealed in their film morphologies and behavior in transistor and photovoltaic devices. The best-performing polymers in transistor devices contained alkylthienyl side chains on the BDT unit (pBDT-BTTA-2 and pBDT-BTTA-3) and demonstrated maximum saturation hole mobilities of 0.027 and 0.017 cm2 V-1 s-1. Blends of these polymers with PC71BM exhibited a best photovoltaic efficiency of 6.78% for pBDT-BTTA-3-based devices. Changing to a low band gap non-fullerene acceptor (BTP-eC9) resulted in improved efficiency of up to 13.5%. Our results are among the best device performances for BTA and BTTA-based p-type polymers and highlight the versatile applications of this electron-deficient BTTA unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao He
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Jessica Shaw
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Yuliar Firdaus
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Research
Center for Electronics, National Research
and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Komplek BRIN Jl. Sangkuriang Cisitu, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Xiantao Hu
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Bowen Ding
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Adam V. Marsh
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexandre S. Dumon
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Yang Han
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhuping Fei
- Institute
of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory
of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin
University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher R. McNeill
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Martin Heeney
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
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Waqas M, Hadia N, Hessien M, Javaid Akram S, Shawky AM, Iqbal J, Ibrahim MA, Ahmad Khera R. Designing of symmetrical A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors by side-chain engineering of an indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) core based molecule: A computational approach. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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