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Yuan F, Wang X, Ma T, Fan J, Lai X, Liu Y. Enhanced conversion of CO 2 into C 2H 4 on single atom Cu-anchored graphitic carbon nitride: Synergistic diatomic active sites interaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 667:291-302. [PMID: 38640649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Single atom metal-nitrogen-carbon materials have emerged as remarkably potent catalysts, demonstrating unprecedented potential for the photo-driven reduction of CO2. Herein, a unique Cu@g-C3N5 catalyst obtained by cooperation of single atom Cu and nitrogen-rich g-C3N5 is proposed. The particular CuN diatomic active sites (DAS) in Cu@g-C3N5 contribute to the formation of highly stable CuOCN adsorption, a key configuration for CO2 activation and CC coupling. The synergistic diatomic active sites interaction is found responsible for the efficient photoreduction of CO2 to C2H4 which has been demonstrated in our Gibbs free energy calculation and COHP analysis. The CO2 activation mechanism was studied, the charge density difference and DOS analysis show that the low oxidation state Cu atom significantly affects the electronic structure of g-C3N5 and then enhance the catalytic activity of CO2 hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fufa Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Tao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Yingtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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2
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Zhang S, An C, Zhang R, Kong D, Xu D, Zhang S. Template-Free Synthesis of Boron-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Porous Nanotubes for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6453-6462. [PMID: 38466076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c04029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 can be enhanced by improving photoinduced carrier separation and exposing sufficient reactive sites. In this study, we synthesized B-doped porous tubular g-C3N4 (BCNT) using a H3BO3-assisted supramolecular self-template method, wherein H3BO3 helped in B-doping, building a porous structure, and maintaining one-dimensional nanotubes. The tubular structure had an ultrathin tube wall and large aspect ratio, which are conducive to the directional transmission and separation of photogenerated carriers; moreover, the abundant pore structure of the tube wall could fully expose the reactive sites. The introduction of B and the cyano group modulated the bandgap of g-C3N4 and elevated the position of the conduction band, thus enhancing the photoreduction ability and effectively improving the hydrogen evolution performance. Consequently, the hydrogen evolution of BCNT-2 (220.8, 53.2 μmol·h-1) was 1.82 and 1.54 times that of ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets (CNN, 121.3, 34.6 μmol·h-1) under simulated sunlight and LED lamp irradiation, respectively. Thus, this work provides in-depth insights into the rational design of one-dimensional g-C3N4 nanotubes with high hydrogen evolution activity under visible irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan Province 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsheng An
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan Province 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongchao Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan Province 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan Province 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Difa Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan Province 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan Province 410022, People's Republic of China
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He M, Wang X, Yu H, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Xu Z, Kang Y, Xue P. Nitrogen vacancy-rich carbon nitride anchored with iron atoms for efficient redox dyshomeostasis under ultrasound actuation. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122446. [PMID: 38150772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Fe-based Fenton reaction for inducing oxidative stress is restricted by random charge transfer without oriental delivery, and the resultant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is always too simplistic to realize a satisfactory therapeutic outcome. Herein, FeNv/CN nanosheets rich in nitrogen vacancies are developed for high-performance redox dyshomeostasis therapy after surface conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD). Surface defects in FeNv/CN serve as electron traps to drive the directional transfer of the excited electrons to Fe atom sites under ultrasound (US) actuation, and the highly elevated electron density promote the catalytic conversion of H2O2 into ·OH. Meanwhile, energy band edges of FeNv/CN favor the production of 1O2 upon interfacial redox chemistry, which is enhanced by the optimal separation/recombination dynamics of electron/hole pairs. Moreover, intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of FeNv/CN contributes to the depletion of reductant glutathione (GSH). Under the anchoring effect of cRGD, PEGylated FeNv/CN can be efficiently enriched in the tumorous region, which is ultrasonically activated for concurrent ROS accumulation and GSH consumption in cytosolic region. The deleterious redox dyshomeostasis not only eradicates primary tumor but also suppresses distant metastasis via antitumor immunity elicitation. Collectively, this study could inspire more facile designs of chalybeates for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yinmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Yibin, 644000, China.
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Song Y, Bao Z, Gu Y. Photocatalytic Enhancement Strategy with the Introduction of Metallic Bi: A Review on Bi/Semiconductor Photocatalysts. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300307. [PMID: 38084448 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Semiconductor photocatalysis has great potential in the fields of solar fuel production and environmental remediation. Nevertheless, the photocatalytic efficiency still constrains its practical production applications. The development of new semiconductor materials is essential to enhance the solar energy conversion efficiency of photocatalytic systems. Recently, the research on enhancing the photocatalytic performance of semiconductors by introducing bismuth (Bi) has attracted widespread attention. In this review, we briefly overview the main synthesis methods of Bi/semiconductor photocatalysts and summarize the control of the micromorphology of Bi in Bi/semiconductors and the key role of Bi in the catalytic system. In addition, the promising applications of Bi/semiconductors in photocatalysis, such as pollutant degradation, sterilization, water separation, CO2 reduction, and N2 fixation, are outlined. Finally, an outlook on the challenges and future research directions of Bi/semiconductor photocatalysts is given. We aim to offer guidance for the rational design and synthesis of high-efficiency Bi/semiconductor photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Song
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zongqi Bao
- Foreign Language Department, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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Cai B, Axelsson M, Zhan S, Pavliuk MV, Wang S, Li J, Tian H. Organic Polymer Dots Photocatalyze CO 2 Reduction in Aqueous Solution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312276. [PMID: 37728510 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Developing low-cost and efficient photocatalysts to convert CO2 into valuable fuels is desirable to realize a carbon-neutral society. In this work, we report that polymer dots (Pdots) of poly[(9,9'-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-benzo-thiadiazole)] (PFBT), without adding any extra co-catalyst, can photocatalyze reduction of CO2 into CO in aqueous solution, rendering a CO production rate of 57 μmol g-1 h-1 with a detectable selectivity of up to 100 %. After 5 cycles of CO2 re-purging experiments, no distinct decline in CO amount and reaction rate was observed, indicating the promising photocatalytic stability of PFBT Pdots in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. A mechanistic study reveals that photoexcited PFBT Pdots are reduced by sacrificial donor first, then the reduced PFBT Pdots can bind CO2 and reduce it into CO via their intrinsic active sites. This work highlights the application of organic Pdots for CO2 reduction in aqueous solution, which therefore provides a strategy to develop highly efficient and environmentally friendly nanoparticulate photocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Cai
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Axelsson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shaoqi Zhan
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC Box 576, S-751, 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mariia V Pavliuk
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sicong Wang
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
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Wang Y, Zhong S, Niu Z, Dai Y, Li J. Synthesis and up-to-date applications of 2D microporous g-C 3N 4 nanomaterials for sustainable development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10883-10911. [PMID: 37622731 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03550f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of industrial technology and the increase of people's environmental awareness, the research on sustainable materials and their applications has become a hot topic. Among two-dimensional (2D) materials that have been selected for sustainable research, graphitic phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has become a hot research topic because of its many outstanding advantages such as simple preparation, good electrochemical properties, excellent photochemical properties, and better thermal stability. Nevertheless, the inherent limitations of g-C3N4 due to its relatively poor specific surface area, rapid charge recombination, limited light absorption range, and inferior dispersion in aqueous and organic media have limited its practical application. In the review, we summarize and analyze the unique structure of the 2D microporous nanomaterial g-C3N4, its synthesis method, chemical modification method, and the latest application examples in various fields in recent years, highlighting its advantages and shortcomings, with a view to providing ideas for overcoming the difficulties in its application. Furthermore, the pressing challenges faced by g-C3N4 are briefly discussed, as well as an outlook on the application prospects of g-C3N4 materials. It is expected that the review in this paper will provide more theoretical strategies for the future practical application of g-C3N4-based materials, as well as contributing to nanomaterials in sustainable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Suyue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenhua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Yangyang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
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Mo QL, Xu SR, Li JL, Shi XQ, Wu Y, Xiao FX. Solar-CO 2 -to-Syngas Conversion Enabled by Precise Charge Transport Modulation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300804. [PMID: 37183292 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of the directional charge transfer channel represents an important strategy to finely tune the charge migration and separation in photocatalytic CO2 -to-fuel conversion. Despite the progress made in crafting high-performance photocatalysts, developing elegant photosystems with precisely modulated interfacial charge transfer feature remains a grand challenge. Here, a facile one-pot method is developed to achieve in situ self-assembly of Pd nanocrystals (NYs) on the transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) substrate with the aid of a non-conjugated insulating polymer, i.e., branched polyethylenimine (bPEI), for photoreduction of CO2 to syngas (CO/H2 ). The generic reducing capability of the abundant amine groups grafted on the molecular backbone of bPEI fosters the homogeneous growth of Pd NYs on the TMC framework. Intriguingly, the self-assembled TMCs@bPEI@Pd heterostructure with bi-directional spatial charge transport pathways exhibit significantly boosted photoactivity toward CO2 -to-syngas conversion under visible light irradiation, wherein bPEI serves as an efficient hole transfer mediator, and simultaneously Pd NYs act as an electron-withdrawing modulator for accelerating spatially vectorial charge separation. Furthermore, in-depth understanding of the in situ formed intermediates during the CO2 photoreduction process are exquisitely probed. This work provides a quintessential paradigm for in situ construction of multi-component heterojunction photosystem for solar-to-fuel energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Ling Mo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian Province, 350108, China
| | - Shu-Ran Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian Province, 350108, China
| | - Jia-Le Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian Province, 350108, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian Province, 350108, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian Province, 350108, China
| | - Fang-Xing Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian Province, 350108, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
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Wen F, Huang X, Li Y, Pang L, Xu Y, Zhang T. Photocatalytic Synthesis of Ammonia from Pinecone Graphite-Phase Carbon Nitride Loaded with MoS 2 Nanosheets as Co-catalysts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37289619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation is a promising alternative to the Haber-Bosch process to alleviate the energy and environmental crises. Here, we designed a pinecone-shaped graphite-phase carbon nitride (PCN) catalyst supported with MoS2 nanosheets by a supramolecular self-assembly method. The catalyst shows an excellent photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (PNRR) due to the larger specific surface area and the enhancement of visible light owing to the reduced band gap. Under simulated sunlight, the sample of PCN loaded with 5 wt % MoS2 nanosheets (MS5%/PCN) shows a PNRR efficiency of 279.41 μmol g-1 h-1, which is 14.9 times that of bulk graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4), 4.6 times that of PCN, and 5.4 times that of MoS2, respectively. The unique pinecone-like structure of MS5%/PCN not only improves the ability of light absorption but also assists in the uniform loading of MoS2 nanosheets. Likewise, the existence of MoS2 nanosheets improves the light absorption ability of the catalyst and reduces the impedance of the catalyst. Furthermore, as a co-catalyst, MoS2 nanosheets can efficiently adsorb nitrogen (N2) and serve as active N2 reduction sites. From the perspective of structural design, this work can offer novel solutions for the creation of effective N2-fixing photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushan Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Yajie Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Le Pang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Yuan Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580 China
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