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Wang JX, Mao Y, Miljkovic N. Nano-Enhanced Graphite/Phase Change Material/Graphene Composite for Sustainable and Efficient Passive Thermal Management. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402190. [PMID: 39119846 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Passive battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are critical for mitigation of battery thermal runaway (TR). Phase change materials (PCMs) have shown promise for mitigating transient thermal challenges. Fluid leakage and low effective thermal conductivity limit PCM adoption. Furthermore, the thermal capacitance of PCMs diminishes as their latent load is exhausted, creating an unsustainable cooling effect that is transitory. Here, an expanded graphite/PCM/graphene composite that solves these challenges is proposed. The expanded graphite/PCM phase change composite eliminates leakage and increases effective thermal conductivity while the graphene coating enables radiative cooling for PCM regeneration. The composite demonstrates excellent thermal performance in a real BTMS and shows a 26% decrease in temperature when compared to conventional BTMS materials. The composite exhibits thermal control performance comparable with active cooling, resulting in reduced cost and increased simplicity. In addition to BTMSs, this material is anticipated to have application in a plethora of engineered systems requiring stringent thermal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xiang Wang
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, P. R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Man-machine Environmental Thermal Control Technology and Equipment, Hebei Vocational University of Technology and Engineering, Hebei, 054000, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Mao
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, P. R. China
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Institute for Sustainability, Energy and Environment (iSEE), University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Zeng Z, Wang C, Zeng M, Fu L. Gallium-Based Liquid Metals in Rechargeable Batteries: From Properties to Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311099. [PMID: 38282054 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Gallium-based (Ga-based) liquid metals have attracted considerable interest due to their low melting points, enabling them to feature both liquid properties and metallic properties at room temperature. In light of this, Ga-based liquid metals also possess excellent deformability, high electrical and thermal conductivity, superior metal affinity, and unique self-limited surface oxide, making them popular functional materials in energy storage. This provides a possibility to construct high-performance rechargeable batteries that are deformable, free of dendrite growth, and so on. This review primarily starts with the property of Ga-based liquid metal, and then focuses on the potential applications in rechargeable batteries by exploiting these advantages, aiming to construct the correlation between properties and structures. The glorious applications contain interface protection, self-healing electrode construction, thermal management, and flexible batteries. Finally, the opportunities and obstacles for the applications of liquid metal in batteries are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 410013, China
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Wang JX, Qian J, Li JX, Wang X, Lei C, Li S, Li J, Zhong M, Mao Y. Enhanced interfacial boiling of impacting droplets upon vibratory surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 658:748-757. [PMID: 38142625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Despite the flourishing studies of droplet interfacial boiling, the boiling upon vibratory surfaces, which may cause vigorous liquid-vapor-solid interactions, has rarely been investigated. Enhanced boiling normally can be gained from rapid removal of vapor and disturbance of liquid-vapor interface. We hypothesize that the vibratory surfaces enhance both effects with new intriguing phenomena and thus, attain an enhanced boiling heat transfer. EXPERIMENTS We experimentally investigated the impacting fluid dynamics and coupled heat transfer patterns of multiple droplets and a single droplet impinging on still and vibratory surfaces of various materials and different wettability. FINDINGS The boiling under vibratory surfaces with increased vibration velocity amplitude and enhanced wettability can be enhanced by 80% in heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number, which is attributed to several reasons: shortened bubble lifespan, thinner and smaller bubbles, and enhanced disturbances in liquid-vapor interfaces. The vibration also delays the Leidenfrost point when the droplet impacts a descending surface, which shows that the droplet impact moment (vibration phase angle) is particularly crucial. The descending surface releases the generated vapor actively and facilitates liquid-solid contact, thereby delaying the Leidenfrost. From fundamentals to application, this article strengthens our understanding of vibrated interfacial boiling in scenarios closer to multiple natural processes and practical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xiang Wang
- College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Man-machine Environmental Thermal Control Technology and Equipment, Hebei Vocational University of Technology and Engineering, Hebei 054000, PR China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Taizhou Wavexploration Energy Ltd., Taizhou, 225513, PR China
| | - Jian Qian
- College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, PR China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Chaojie Lei
- Beijing Sino-Spark Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Shengquan Li
- College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
| | - Mingliang Zhong
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, PR China.
| | - Yufeng Mao
- College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, PR China.
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Yan J, Cai Y, Zhang H, Han M, Liu X, Chen H, Cheng C, Lei T, Wang L, Wang H, Xiong S. Rapid Thermochromic and Highly Thermally Conductive Nanocomposite Based on Silicone Rubber for Temperature Visualization Thermal Management in Electronic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7883-7893. [PMID: 38299449 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Effective heat dissipation and real-time temperature monitoring are crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of modern, high-performance electronic products. This study proposes a silicon rubber polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based nanocomposite with a rapid thermal response and high thermal conductivity. This nanocomposite enables both rapid heat dissipation and real-time temperature monitoring for high-performance electronic products. The reported material primarily consists of a thermally conductive layer (Al2O3/PDMS composites) and a reversible thermochromic layer (organic thermochromic material, graphene oxide, and PDMS nanocoating; OTM-GO/PDMS). The thermal conductivity of OTM-GO/Al2O3/PDMS nanocomposites reached 4.14 W m-1 K-1, reflecting an increase of 2200% relative to that of pure PDMS. When the operating temperature reached 35, 45, and 65 °C, the surface of OTM-GO/Al2O3/PDMS nanocomposites turned green, yellow, and red, respectively, and the thermal response time was only 30 s. The OTM-GO/Al2O3/PDMS nanocomposites also exhibited outstanding repeatability and maintained excellent color stability over 20 repeated applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Yuhan Cai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mingyue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueyang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Haojie Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Cui Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Tong Lei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Luoxin Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
| | - Siwei Xiong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Provincial Engineering Center of Industrial Fiber Preparation and Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, Hubei China
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