1
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Oke A, Manohar SM. Dynamic Roles of Signaling Pathways in Maintaining Pluripotency of Mouse and Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Reprogram 2024; 26:46-56. [PMID: 38635924 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2024.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Culturing of mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro was a major breakthrough in the field of stem cell biology. These models gained popularity very soon mainly due to their pluripotency. Evidently, the ESCs of mouse and human origin share typical phenotypic responses due to their pluripotent nature, such as self-renewal capacity and potency. The conserved network of core transcription factors regulates these responses. However, significantly different signaling pathways and upstream transcriptional networks regulate expression and activity of these core pluripotency factors in ESCs of both the species. In fact, ample evidence shows that a pathway, which maintains pluripotency in mouse ESCs, promotes differentiation in human ESCs. In this review, we discuss the role of canonical signaling pathways implicated in regulation of pluripotency and differentiation particularly in mouse and human ESCs. We believe that understanding these distinct and at times-opposite mechanisms-is critical for the progress in the field of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anagha Oke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-Be) University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sonal M Manohar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-Be) University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Varisli L, Dancik GM, Tolan V, Vlahopoulos S. Critical Roles of SRC-3 in the Development and Progression of Breast Cancer, Rendering It a Prospective Clinical Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5242. [PMID: 37958417 PMCID: PMC10648290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor in women and is also one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Most breast tumors are hormone-dependent and estrogen signaling plays a critical role in promoting the survival and malignant behaviors of these cells. Estrogen signaling involves ligand-activated cytoplasmic estrogen receptors that translocate to the nucleus with various co-regulators, such as steroid receptor co-activator (SRC) family members, and bind to the promoters of target genes and regulate their expression. SRC-3 is a member of this family that interacts with, and enhances, the transcriptional activity of the ligand activated estrogen receptor. Although SRC-3 has important roles in normal homeostasis and developmental processes, it has been shown to be amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer and to promote malignancy. The malignancy-promoting potential of SRC-3 is diverse and involves both promoting malignant behavior of tumor cells and creating a tumor microenvironment that has an immunosuppressive phenotype. SRC-3 also inhibits the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with effector function and promotes stemness. Furthermore, SRC-3 is also involved in the development of resistance to hormone therapy and immunotherapy during breast cancer treatment. The versatility of SRC-3 in promoting breast cancer malignancy in this way makes it a good target, and methodical targeting of SRC-3 probably will be important for the success of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Varisli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey;
| | - Garrett M. Dancik
- Department of Computer Science, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT 06226, USA;
| | - Veysel Tolan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey;
| | - Spiros Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
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3
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Kiliti AJ, Sharif GM, Martin MB, Wellstein A, Riegel AT. AIB1/SRC-3/NCOA3 function in estrogen receptor alpha positive breast cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1250218. [PMID: 37711895 PMCID: PMC10498919 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1250218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a steroid receptor that is pivotal in the initiation and progression of most breast cancers. ERα regulates gene transcription through recruitment of essential coregulators, including the steroid receptor coactivator AIB1 (Amplified in Breast Cancer 1). AIB1 itself is an oncogene that is overexpressed in a subset of breast cancers and is known to play a role in tumor progression and resistance to endocrine therapy through multiple mechanisms. Here we review the normal and pathological functions of AIB1 in regard to its ERα-dependent and ERα-independent actions, as well as its genomic conservation and protein evolution. We also outline the efforts to target AIB1 in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber J. Kiliti
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ghada M. Sharif
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mary Beth Martin
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anna T. Riegel
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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4
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Yang SC, Liu JJ, Wang CK, Lin YT, Tsai SY, Chen WJ, Huang WK, Tu PWA, Lin YC, Chang CF, Cheng CL, Lin H, Lai CY, Lin CY, Lee YH, Chiu YC, Hsu CC, Hsu SC, Hsiao M, Schuyler SC, Lu FL, Lu J. Down-regulation of ATF1 leads to early neuroectoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by increasing the expression level of SOX2. FASEB J 2019; 33:10577-10592. [PMID: 31242772 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800220rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We reveal by high-throughput screening that activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) is a novel pluripotent regulator in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The knockdown of ATF1 expression significantly up-regulated neuroectoderm (NE) genes but not mesoderm, endoderm, and trophectoderm genes. Of note, down-regulation or knockout of ATF1 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) was sufficient to up-regulate sex-determining region Y-box (SOX)2 and paired box 6 (PAX6) expression under the undifferentiated or differentiated conditions, whereas overexpression of ATF1 suppressed NE differentiation. Endogenous ATF1 was spontaneously down-regulated after d 1-3 of neural induction. By double-knockdown experiments, up-regulation of SOX2 was critical for the increase of PAX6 and SOX1 expression in shRNA targeting Atf1 hESCs. Using the luciferase reporter assay, we identified ATF1 as a negative transcriptional regulator of Sox2 gene expression. A novel function of ATF1 was discovered, and these findings contribute to a broader understanding of the very first steps in regulating NE differentiation in hESCs.-Yang, S.-C., Liu, J.-J., Wang, C.-K., Lin, Y.-T., Tsai, S.-Y., Chen, W.-J., Huang, W.-K., Tu, P.-W. A., Lin, Y.-C., Chang, C.-F., Cheng, C.-L., Lin, H., Lai, C.-Y., Lin, C.-Y., Lee, Y.-H., Chiu, Y.-C., Hsu, C.-C., Hsu, S.-C., Hsiao, M., Schuyler, S. C., Lu, F. L., Lu, J. Down-regulation of ATF1 leads to early neuroectoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by increasing the expression level of SOX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chih Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Jan Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kai Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsen Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yi Tsai
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kai Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen A Tu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Lun Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ying Lai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Chiu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shu-Ching Hsu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Scott C Schuyler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Frank Leigh Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jean Lu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,RNAi Core, National Core Facility, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Chen W, Zhuo M, Lu X, Xia X, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Xu J, Li W, Yu C. SRC-3 protects intestine from DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting inflammation and promoting goblet cell differentiation through enhancement of KLF4 expression. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:2051-2064. [PMID: 30585268 PMCID: PMC6299374 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Goblet cell loss, which leads to the reduction of mucin secretion, is a hallmark of ulcerative colitis (UC). We previously reported that steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3), a transcriptional coactivator, contributes to host defense against Citrobacter rodentium by recruiting neutrophils, suggesting a role of SRC-3 in intestine homeostasis. However, the biological role of SRC-3 in UC remains unclear. Here, we showed that SRC-3-/- mice were more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis compared with wild-type mice after oral administration of 2% DSS dissolved in drinking water. After oral administration of 2% DSS, SRC-3-/- mice displayed higher mortality rate, significant body weight loss, and higher clinical symptom scores compared to wild-type mice. SRC-3-/- mice suffered a severe loss of mature colonic goblet cells, leading to more severe histopathology and more proinflammatory cytokine production. Mechanistically, SRC-3-/- mice exhibited a decreased expression of transcription factor KLF4 in the colons, which is responsible for colonic goblet cell differentiation and maturation. At the molecular level, SRC-3 cooperated with c-Fos to promote KLF4 expression at the transcriptional level. These results demonstrate that SRC-3 can ameliorate DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting inflammation and promoting colonic goblet cell differentiation and maturation through enhancing the expression of transcriptional factor KLF4, which is responsible for colonic goblet cell differentiation and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Minghui Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaochun Xia
- Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Fujian 361023,China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chundong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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6
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Lira MC, Rosa FD, Panelo LC, Costas MA, Rubio MF. Role of RAC3 coactivator in the adipocyte differentiation. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:20. [PMID: 30062065 PMCID: PMC6062518 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0085-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
RAC3 is a member of the p160 family of steroid receptor coactivators and it is highly expressed in several human cancers, contributing to enhanced cell proliferation and cellular transformation. In this work, we have studied the role of RAC3 in adipogenesis in L-929 cells. Adipogenesis is a highly regulated process, involving cell cycle arrest and changes in the gene expression pattern required for morphological remodelling. We found that RAC3 expression levels are downregulated during adipocyte differentiation induced by specific stimulus. In addition, cells constitutively expressing low levels of RAC3 (shRNA), showed enhanced adipocyte differentiation which was evidenced by the early detection of the adipocyte markers Perilipin, PPARγ and Oil Red O staining. Moreover, RAC3 downregulation favoured cell arrest and autophagy. Early and late autophagy inhibitors blocked adipocyte differentiation in control cells, but partially inhibited shRAC3 differentiation, demonstrating that although autophagy is required for adipogenesis, additional signals could be trigged by RAC3 downregulation. We conclude that RAC3 is a key regulator of adipogenesis, since its downregulation generates the cellular arrest and autophagic responses that are required steps for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia Lira
- 1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas (IDIM), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas Av 3150, CABA, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Damian Rosa
- 1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas (IDIM), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas Av 3150, CABA, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Carolina Panelo
- 1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas (IDIM), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas Av 3150, CABA, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Alejandra Costas
- 1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas (IDIM), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas Av 3150, CABA, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Fernanda Rubio
- 1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas (IDIM), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas Av 3150, CABA, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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SRC-3 is involved in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell quiescence by regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in mice. Blood 2018; 132:911-923. [PMID: 29959189 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-02-831669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescence maintenance is an important property of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas the regulatory factors and underlying mechanisms involved in HSC quiescence maintenance are not fully uncovered. Here, we show that steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is highly expressed in HSCs, and SRC-3-deficient HSCs are less quiescent and more proliferative, resulting in increased sensitivity to chemotherapy and irradiation. Moreover, the long-term reconstituting ability of HSCs is markedly impaired in the absence of SRC-3, and SRC-3 knockout (SRC-3-/-) mice exhibit a significant disruption of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homeostasis. Further investigations show that SRC-3 deficiency leads to enhanced mitochondrial metabolism, accompanied by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HSCs. Notably, the downstream target genes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivators 1α (PGC-1α) involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism are significantly upregulated in SRC-3-deficient HSCs. Meanwhile, a significant decrease in the expression of histone acetyltransferase GCN5 accompanied by downregulation of PGC-1α acetylation is observed in SRC-3-null HSCs. Conversely, overexpression of GCN5 can inhibit SRC-3 deficiency-induced mitochondrial metabolism enhancement and ROS overproduction, thereby evidently rescuing the impairment of HSCs in SRC-3-/- mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SRC-3 plays an important role in HSC quiescence maintenance by regulating mitochondrial metabolism.
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8
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Panelo LC, Machado MS, Rubio MF, Jaworski F, Alvarado CV, Paz LA, Urtreger AJ, Vazquez E, Costas MA. High RAC3 expression levels are required for induction and maintaining of cancer cell stemness. Oncotarget 2018; 9:5848-5860. [PMID: 29464039 PMCID: PMC5814179 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
RAC3 is a transcription coactivator, usually overexpressed in several tumors and required to maintain the pluripotency in normal stem cells. In this work we studied the association between RAC3 overexpression on cancer cell stemness and the capacity of this protein to induce cancer stem properties in non tumoral cells. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments using two strategies: by overexpressing RAC3 in the non tumoral cell line HEK293 and by silencing RAC3 in the human colorectal epithelial cell line HCT116 by transfection. Furthermore, we analysed public repository microarrays data from human colorectal tumors in different developmental stages. We found that RAC3 overexpression was mainly associated to CD133+ side-population of colon cancer cells and also to early and advanced stages of colon cancer, involving increased expression of mesenchymal and stem markers. In turn, RAC3 silencing induced diminished tumoral properties and cancer stem cells as determined by Hoechst efflux, tumorspheres and clonogenic growth, which correlated with decreased Nanog and OCT4 expression. In non tumoral cells, RAC3 overexpression induced tumoral transformation; mesenchymal phenotype and stem markers expression. Moreover, these transformed cells generated tumors in vivo. Our results demonstrate that RAC3 is required for maintaining and induction of cancer cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Panelo
- Laboratorio de Biología Moleculary Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mileni Soares Machado
- Laboratorio de Biología Moleculary Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Rubio
- Laboratorio de Biología Moleculary Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cancer, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), C1425FQB Godoy Cruz (CABA), República Argentina
| | - Felipe Jaworski
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cancer, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia V Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Biología Moleculary Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo A Paz
- Laboratorio de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J Urtreger
- Laboratorio de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Oncología "Angel H Roffo", Area de Investigación, C1417DTB Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), C1425FQB Godoy Cruz (CABA), República Argentina
| | - Elba Vazquez
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Cancer, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), C1425FQB Godoy Cruz (CABA), República Argentina
| | - Mónica A Costas
- Laboratorio de Biología Moleculary Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), C1425FQB Godoy Cruz (CABA), República Argentina
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9
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Xue YK, Tan J, Dou DW, Chen D, Chen LJ, Ren HP, Chen LB, Xiong XG, Zheng H. Effect of Kruppel-like factor 4 on Notch pathway in hepatic stellate cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:811-816. [PMID: 27924515 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and the Notch pathway was determined to investigate the effect of KLF4 on the activation of hepatic stellate cells and underlying mechanisms. Fifty SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups. A liver fibrosis model was established in 25 mice as the experimental group, and the remaining 25 mice served as controls. On the day 0, 7, 14, and 35, liver tissues were removed for immunofluorescent detection. The Notch pathway inhibitor DAPT was added to the primary original hepatic stellate cells, and KLF4 and Notch-associated factor expression was detected by qRT-PCR. Additionally, the hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 was used to establish control and experimental groups, and was cultured in vitro. LX-2 cells in the experimental groups were treated with DAPT and the Notch activator transforming growth factor-beta 1 separately, whereas those in the control group were given isotonic culture medium. After 48 h, KLF4 expression was examined by Western blotting. After transient transfection of LX-2 cells to increase KLF4, the expression of Notch factor was examined. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that, with the aggravation of liver fibrosis, the absorbance (A) values of KLF4 were decreased (day 0: 980.73±153.19; day 7: 1087.99±230.23; day 14: 390.95±93.56; day 35: 245.99±87.34). The expression of Notch pathway- related factors (Notch-1, Notch-2, and Jagged-1) in the hepatic stellate cell membrane was negatively correlated to KLF4 expression. With the increase of KLF4 expression, Notch-2 (0.73±0.13) and Jagged-1 (0.43±0.12) expression decreased, whereas Notch-1 level was not detectable. When the Notch pathway was inhibited, KLF4 levels generally increased (18.12±1.31). Our results indicate that KLF4 expression is negatively correlated to the Notch pathway in hepatic stellate cells, which may provide a reference for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Kai Xue
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Dong-Wei Dou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ding Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lu-Jia Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huan-Ping Ren
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li-Bo Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin-Gao Xiong
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Hai Zheng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Univerfsity of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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10
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Hou X, Du Y, Deng Y, Wu J, Cao G. Sleeping Beauty transposon system for genetic etiological research and gene therapy of cancers. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:8-16. [PMID: 25455252 DOI: 10.4161/15384047.2014.986944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is etiologically associated with somatic mutations of critical genes. Recently, a number of somatic mutations and key molecules have been found to be involved in functional networks affecting cancer progression. Suitable animal models are required to validate cancer-promoting or -inhibiting capacities of these mutants and molecules. Sleeping Beauty transposon system consists of a transposon that carries gene(s) of interest and a transposase that recognizes, excises, and reinserts genes in given location of the genome. It can create both gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutations, thus being frequently chosen to investigate the etiological mechanisms and gene therapy for cancers in animal models. In this review, we summarized current advances of Sleeping Beauty transposon system in revealing molecular mechanism of cancers and improving gene therapy. Understanding molecular mechanisms by which driver mutations contribute to carcinogenesis and metastasis may pave the way for the development of innovative prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against malignant diseases.
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Key Words
- 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
- Alb-Cre, Albumin promoter-Cre
- CAG promoter, CMV enhancer/chicken β-actin promoter
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CIS, common insertion site
- CMV, chimeric cytomegalovirus
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- Cre, cyclization recombination enzyme
- DDE, Asp, Asp, Glu
- DMBA/TPA
- DR, direct orientation
- Fah, fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase gene
- GWAS, gnome wide analysis study
- HBV, Hepatitis B Virus
- HBx, HBV X protein
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- IRs, inverted repeat sequences
- LsL, loxP-stop-loxP
- MPNSTs, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
- MSCV, murine stem cell virus
- PAI, Pro, Ala, Ile
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- RED, Arg, Glu, Asp
- RosaSBaseLsL, Cre-inducible SBase allele
- Rtl1, Retrotransposon-like 1
- SB, Sleeping Beauty
- SBase, Sleeping Beauty transposase
- Sleeping Beauty transposon system
- StatinAE, angiostatin-endostatin fusion gene
- Trp53, transformation related protein 53
- animal model
- driver
- gene function
- gene therapy
- malignant diseases
- sgRNA, single guide RNA
- shp53, short hairpin RNA against the Trp53 gene
- somatic mutation
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Hou
- a Department of Epidemiology ; Second Military Medical University ; Shanghai , China
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11
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Fernández Larrosa PN, Ruíz Grecco M, Mengual Gómez D, Alvarado CV, Panelo LC, Rubio MF, Alonso DF, Gómez DE, Costas MA. RAC3 more than a nuclear receptor coactivator: a key inhibitor of senescence that is downregulated in aging. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1902. [PMID: 26469953 PMCID: PMC4632280 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-associated coactivator 3 (RAC3) is a nuclear receptor coactivator usually overexpressed in tumors that exerts oncogenic functions in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Although as part of its oncogenic actions it was previously identified as an inhibitor of apoptosis and autophagy, its expression is required in order to preserve the pluripotency and embryonic stem cell self-renewal. In this work we investigated its role in cellular senescence. We found that RAC3 overexpression in the nontumoral HEK293 cells inhibits the premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide or rapamycin. The mechanism involves not only the inhibition of autophagy early induced by these stimuli in the pathway to senescence, but also the increase in levels and nuclear localization of both the cell cycle suppressors p53/p21 and the longevity promoters FOXO1A, FOXO3A and SIRT1. Furthermore, we found that RAC3 overexpression is required in order to maintain the telomerase activity. In tumoral HeLa cells its activity was inhibited by depletion of RAC3 inducing replicative senescence. Moreover, we demonstrated that in vivo, levels of RAC3 are downregulated in the liver from aged as compared with young rats, whereas the levels of p21 are increased, correlating with the expected senescent cell contents in aged tissues. A similar downregulation of RAC3 was observed in the premature and replicative senescence of human fetal WI-38 cells and premature senescence of hepatocyte HepG2 cell line. Taken together, all these results demonstrate that RAC3 is an inhibitor of senescence whose downregulation in aged individuals could be probably a tumor suppressor mechanism, avoiding the clonal expansion of risky old cells having damaged DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Fernández Larrosa
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - M Ruíz Grecco
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - D Mengual Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, R. Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD Argentina
| | - C V Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - L C Panelo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - M F Rubio
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - D F Alonso
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, R. Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD Argentina
| | - D E Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, R. Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD Argentina
| | - M A Costas
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
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12
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Zhang C, Robinson BS, Xu W, Yang L, Yao B, Zhao H, Byun PK, Jin P, Veraksa A, Moberg KH. The ecdysone receptor coactivator Taiman links Yorkie to transcriptional control of germline stem cell factors in somatic tissue. Dev Cell 2015; 34:168-80. [PMID: 26143992 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a conserved signaling cascade that modulates tissue growth. Although its core elements are well defined, factors modulating Hippo transcriptional outputs remain elusive. Here we show that components of the steroid-responsive ecdysone (Ec) pathway modulate Hippo transcriptional effects in imaginal disc cells. The Ec receptor coactivator Taiman (Tai) interacts with the Hippo transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki) and promotes expression of canonical Yki-responsive genes. Tai enhances Yki-driven growth, while Tai loss, or a form of Tai unable to bind Yki, suppresses Yki-driven tissue growth. This growth suppression is not correlated with impaired induction of canonical Hippo-responsive genes but with suppression of a distinct pro-growth program of Yki-induced/Tai-dependent genes, including the germline stem cell factors nanos and piwi. These data reveal Hippo/Ec pathway crosstalk in the form a Yki-Tai complex that collaboratively induces germline genes as part of a transcriptional program that is normally repressed in developing somatic epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Brian S Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Heya Zhao
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Phil K Byun
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alexey Veraksa
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Kenneth H Moberg
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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13
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Han L, Pandian GN, Chandran A, Sato S, Taniguchi J, Kashiwazaki G, Sawatani Y, Hashiya K, Bando T, Xu Y, Qian X, Sugiyama H. A Synthetic DNA-Binding Domain Guides Distinct Chromatin-Modifying Small Molecules to Activate an Identical Gene Network. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8700-3. [PMID: 26094767 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic dual-function ligands targeting specific DNA sequences and histone-modifying enzymes were applied to achieve regulatory control over multi-gene networks in living cells. Unlike the broad array of targeting small molecules for histone deacetylases (HDACs), few modulators are known for histone acetyltransferases (HATs), which play a central role in transcriptional control. As a novel chemical approach to induce selective HAT-regulated genes, we conjugated a DNA-binding domain (DBD) "I" to N-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-ethoxy-benzamide (CTB), an artificial HAT activator. In vitro enzyme activity assays and microarray studies were used to demonstrate that distinct functional small molecules could be transformed to have identical bioactivity when conjugated with a targeting DBD. This proof-of-concept synthetic strategy validates the switchable functions of HDACs and HATs in gene regulation and provides a molecular basis for developing versatile bioactive ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Han
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan).,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237 (China)
| | - Ganesh N Pandian
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida-Ushinomiyacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 (Japan)
| | - Anandhakumar Chandran
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
| | - Shinsuke Sato
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida-Ushinomiyacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 (Japan)
| | - Junichi Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
| | - Gengo Kashiwazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
| | - Yoshito Sawatani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
| | - Kaori Hashiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
| | - Toshikazu Bando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
| | - Yufang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237 (China)
| | - Xuhong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237 (China)
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan). .,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida-Ushinomiyacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 (Japan).
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14
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Han L, Pandian GN, Chandran A, Sato S, Taniguchi J, Kashiwazaki G, Sawatani Y, Hashiya K, Bando T, Xu Y, Qian X, Sugiyama H. A Synthetic DNA-Binding Domain Guides Distinct Chromatin-Modifying Small Molecules to Activate an Identical Gene Network. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Tarulli GA, Laven-Law G, Shakya R, Tilley WD, Hickey TE. Hormone-sensing mammary epithelial progenitors: emerging identity and hormonal regulation. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2015; 20:75-91. [PMID: 26390871 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-015-9344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hormone-sensing mammary epithelial cell (HS-MEC-expressing oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PGR)) is often represented as being terminally differentiated and lacking significant progenitor activity after puberty. Therefore while able to profoundly influence the proliferation and function of other MEC populations, HS-MECs are purported not to respond to sex hormone signals by engaging in significant cell proliferation during adulthood. This is a convenient and practical simplification that overshadows the sublime, and potentially critical, phenotypic plasticity found within the adult HS-MEC population. This concept is exemplified by the large proportion (~80 %) of human breast cancers expressing PGR and/or ERα, demonstrating that HS-MECs clearly proliferate in the context of breast cancer. Understanding how HS-MEC proliferation and differentiation is driven could be key to unraveling the mechanisms behind uncontrolled HS-MEC proliferation associated with ERα- and/or PGR-positive breast cancers. Herein we review evidence for the existence of a HS-MEC progenitor and the emerging plasticity of the HS-MEC population in general. This is followed by an analysis of hormones other than oestrogen and progesterone that are able to influence HS-MEC proliferation and differentiation: androgens, prolactin and transforming growth factor-beta1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard A Tarulli
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories (DRMCRL), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
| | - Geraldine Laven-Law
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories (DRMCRL), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Reshma Shakya
- Breast Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Personalised Cancer Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Wayne D Tilley
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories (DRMCRL), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Theresa E Hickey
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories (DRMCRL), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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16
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Nallet-Staub F, Yin X, Gilbert C, Marsaud V, Ben Mimoun S, Javelaud D, Leof EB, Mauviel A. Cell density sensing alters TGF-β signaling in a cell-type-specific manner, independent from Hippo pathway activation. Dev Cell 2015; 32:640-51. [PMID: 25758862 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell contacts inhibit cell growth and proliferation in part by activating the Hippo pathway that drives the phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of the transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ. Cell density and Hippo signaling have also been reported to block transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) responses, based on the ability of phospho-YAP/TAZ to sequester TGF-β-activated SMAD complexes in the cytoplasm. Herein, we provide evidence that epithelial cell polarization interferes with TGF-β signaling well upstream and independent of cytoplasmic YAP/TAZ. Rather, polarized basolateral presentation of TGF-β receptors I and II deprives apically delivered TGF-β of access to its receptors. Basolateral ligand delivery nonetheless remains entirely effective to induce TGF-β responses. These data demonstrate that cell-type-specific inhibition of TGF-β signaling by cell density is restricted to polarized epithelial cells and reflects the polarized distribution of TGF-β receptors, which thus affects SMAD activation irrespective of Hippo pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Nallet-Staub
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis," Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, 91400 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3347, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris XI, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Xueqian Yin
- Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Departments of Biochemistry/Molecular Biology and Medicine, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Cristèle Gilbert
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis," Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, 91400 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3347, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris XI, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Véronique Marsaud
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis," Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, 91400 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3347, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris XI, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Saber Ben Mimoun
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis," Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, 91400 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3347, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris XI, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Delphine Javelaud
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis," Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, 91400 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3347, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris XI, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Edward B Leof
- Thoracic Disease Research Unit, Departments of Biochemistry/Molecular Biology and Medicine, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Alain Mauviel
- Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Team "TGF-β and Oncogenesis," Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; INSERM U1021, 91400 Orsay, France; CNRS UMR 3347, 91400 Orsay, France; Université Paris XI, 91400 Orsay, France.
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17
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Dasgupta S, O'Malley BW. Transcriptional coregulators: emerging roles of SRC family of coactivators in disease pathology. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 53:R47-59. [PMID: 25024406 PMCID: PMC4152414 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional coactivators have evolved as an important new class of functional proteins that participate with virtually all transcription factors and nuclear receptors (NRs) to intricately regulate gene expression in response to a wide variety of environmental cues. Recent findings have highlighted that coactivators are important for almost all biological functions, and consequently, genetic defects can lead to severe pathologies. Drug discovery efforts targeting coactivators may prove valuable for treatment of a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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