1
|
Silva Couto P, Stibbs DJ, Rotondi MC, Khalife R, Wolf D, Takeuchi Y, Rafiq QA. Biological differences between adult and perinatal human mesenchymal stromal cells and their impact on the manufacturing processes. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00728-X. [PMID: 38970611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The biological properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) have been explored in over a thousand clinical trials in the last decade. Although hMSCs can be isolated from multiple sources, the degree of biological similarity between cell populations from these sources remains to be determined. A comparative study was performed investigating the growth kinetics and functionality of hMSCs isolated from adipose tissue (AT), bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord tissue (UCT) expanded in monolayer over five passages. Adult hMSCs (AT, BM) had a slower proliferation ability than the UCT-hMSCs, with no apparent differences in their glucose consumption profile. BM-hMSCs produced higher concentrations of endogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared to AT- and UCT-hMSCs. This study also revealed that UCT-hMSCs were more efficiently transduced by a lentiviral vector carrying a VEGF gene than their adult counterparts. Following cellular immunophenotypic characterization, no differences across the sources were found in the expression levels of the typical markers used to identify hMSCs. This work established a systematic approach for cell source selection depending on the hMSC's intended clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Silva Couto
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dale J Stibbs
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marco C Rotondi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rana Khalife
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Yasuhiro Takeuchi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK; Biotherapeutics and Advanced Therapies, Scientific Research and Innovation, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Qasim A Rafiq
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liao Z, Zheng X, Li H, Deng Z, Feng S, Tan H, Zhao L. Carboxypeptidase M modulates BMSCs osteogenesis-adipogenesis via the MAPK/ERK pathway: An integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic study. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23657. [PMID: 38713087 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302508r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP) is closely associated with the disrupted balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). We analyzed published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to dissect the transcriptomic profiles of bone marrow-derived cells in OP, reviewing 56 377 cells across eight scRNA-seq datasets from femoral heads (osteoporosis or osteopenia n = 5, osteoarthritis n = 3). Seventeen genes, including carboxypeptidase M (CPM), were identified as key osteogenesis-adipogenesis regulators through comprehensive gene set enrichment, differential expression, regulon activity, and pseudotime analyses. In vitro, CPM knockdown reduced osteogenesis and promoted adipogenesis in BMSCs, while adenovirus-mediated CPM overexpression had the reverse effects. In vivo, intraosseous injection of CPM-overexpressing BMSCs mitigated bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Integrated scRNA-seq and bulk RNA sequencing analyses provided insight into the MAPK/ERK pathway's role in the CPM-mediated regulation of BMSC osteogenesis and adipogenesis; specifically, CPM overexpression enhanced MAPK/ERK signaling and osteogenesis. In contrast, the ERK1/2 inhibitor binimetinib negated the effects of CPM overexpression. Overall, our findings identify CPM as a pivotal regulator of BMSC differentiation, which provides new clues for the mechanistic study of OP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheting Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zheng
- Orthopaedic Department, The 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfang Li
- Beijing Yijiandian Clinic, Beijing, China
- Health Management Center, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhao Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic, The 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maldonado VV, Pokharel S, Powell JG, Samsonraj RM. Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Bovine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1292. [PMID: 38731296 PMCID: PMC11083126 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly trialed in cellular therapy applications in humans. They can also be applied to treat a range of diseases in animals, particularly in cattle to combat inflammatory conditions and aging-associated degenerative disorders. We sought to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining MSCs from adipose tissue and characterizing them using established assays. METHODS Bovine adipose MSCs (BvAdMSCs) were isolated using in-house optimized tissue digestion protocols and characterized by performing a colony formation assay, cell growth assessments, cell surface marker analysis by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, and secretion of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenease (IDO). RESULTS Our results demonstrate the feasibility of successful MSC isolation and culture expansion from bovine adipose tissues with characteristic features of colony formation, in vitro multilineage differentiation into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, and cell surface marker expression of CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and CD166 with negative expression of CD45. BvAdMSCs secreted significant amounts of IDO with or without interferon-gamma stimulation, indicating ability for immunomodulation. CONCLUSIONS We report a viable approach to obtaining autologous adipose-derived MSCs that can be applied as potential adjuvant cell therapy for tissue repair and regeneration in cattle. Our methodology can be utilized by veterinary cell therapy labs for preparing MSCs for disease management in cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitali V. Maldonado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (V.V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Sriya Pokharel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (V.V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Jeremy G. Powell
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Rebekah M. Samsonraj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (V.V.M.); (S.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim MH, Tan SY, Yamahara K, Kino-Oka M. An in vitro culture platform to study the extracellular matrix remodeling potential of human mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:376-388. [PMID: 37619896 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to synthesize and degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) is important for MSC-based therapies. However, the therapeutic effects associated with ECM remodeling in cultured MSCs have been limited by the lack of a method to assess the ability of cultured cells to degrade ECM in vitro. Here, we describe a simple in vitro culture platform for studying the ECM remodeling potential of cultured MSCs using a high-density collagen (CL) surface. Cells on the CL surface have remarkable ability to degrade collagen fibrils by secreting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP); to study this, the marker collagen hybridizing peptide (CHP) was used. Confirming the ECM remodeling potential of MSCs with different population doublings (PDs), young and healthy γ-H2AX-negative cells, a marker of DNA damage and senescence, showed more extensive collagen degradation on the CL surface, whereas damaged cells of γ-H2AX-positive cells showed no collagen degradation. The frequency of γ-H2AX-/CHP + cells at PD = 0 was 49%, which was 4.9-fold higher than that at PD=13.07, whereas the frequency of γ-H2AX+/CHP- at PD=13.07 was 50%, which was 6.4-folds higher than that at PD=0. Further experimentation examining the in vitro priming effect of MSCs with the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ treatment showed increased frequency of cells with ECM remodeling potential with higher MMP secretion. Thus, this culture surface can be used for studying the ECM remodeling capacity of ex vivo-expanded MSCs in vitro and may serve as a platform for prediction in vivo ECM remodeling effect. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling potential of cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is important for assessing the effectiveness of MSC-based therapy. However, methods to assess the ability of cultured cells to degrade ECM in vitro are still lacking. Here, we developed a simple in vitro culture platform to study the ECM remodeling potential of cultured MSCs using high-density collagen surfaces. This platform was used to evaluate the ECM remodeling potential of long-term ex vivo-expanded MSCs in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Hae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shao Ying Tan
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamahara
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kino-Oka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Research Base for Cell Manufacturability, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Zhang N, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Fang Y, Fu J, Yuan Y, Chen L, Chen X, Xu Z, Li Y, Izawa H, Xiang C. Multiple Dimensions of using Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Liver Diseases: From Bench to Beside. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2192-2224. [PMID: 37498509 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Liver diseases impose a huge burden worldwide. Although hepatocyte transplantation has long been considered as a potential strategy for treating liver diseases, its clinical implementation has created some obvious limitations. As an alternative strategy, cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, is widely used in treating different liver diseases, including acute liver disease, acute-on-chronic liver failure, hepatitis B/C virus, autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we summarize the status of MSC transplantation in treating liver diseases, focusing on the therapeutic mechanisms, including differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells, immunomodulating function with a variety of immune cells, paracrine effects via the secretion of various cytokines and extracellular vesicles, and facilitation of homing and engraftment. Some improved perspectives and current challenges are also addressed. In summary, MSCs have great potential in the treatment of liver diseases based on their multi-faceted characteristics, and more accurate mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategies stemming from MSCs will facilitate clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangxin Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Innovative Precision Medicine (IPM) Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311215, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Innovative Precision Medicine (IPM) Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311215, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiromi Izawa
- Jingugaien Woman Life Clinic, Jingu-Gaien 3-39-5 2F, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Charlie Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China.
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ye T, Liu X, Zhong X, Yan R, Shi P. Nongenetic surface engineering of mesenchymal stromal cells with polyvalent antibodies to enhance targeting efficiency. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5806. [PMID: 37726299 PMCID: PMC10509227 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41609-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic infusion is a prevalent administration method for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in clinical trials. However, the inability to deliver a large number of therapeutic cells to diseased tissue is a substantial barrier. Here, we demonstrate that surface engineering of MSCs with polyvalent antibodies can effectively improve the targeting efficiency of MSCs to diseased tissue. The polyvalent antibody is directly synthesized on the cell surface via DNA template-directed biomolecule assembly. The data show that engineered MSCs exhibit superior adhesion to inflamed endothelium in vitro and in vivo. In female mouse models of acute inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease, engineered MSCs show enhanced targeting efficiency and therapeutic efficacy in damaged tissues. Notably, the entire procedure for polyvalent functionalization only requires the simple mixing of cells and solutions under physiological conditions within a few hours, which significantly reduces preparation processes and manufacturing costs and minimizes the impact on the cells. Thus, our study provides a strategy for improved MSC-based regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tenghui Ye
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Xianghua Zhong
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Ran Yan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Peng Shi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo F, Pan Q, Chen T, Liao S, Li S, Li A, Chen S, Chen J, Xiao Z, Su H, Yang L, Yang C, Liu HF, Pan Q. hUC-MSC transplantation therapy effects on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice at early disease stages. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:211. [PMID: 37605271 PMCID: PMC10441722 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation in treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been confirmed by small-scale clinical trials. However, these trials focused on severe or refractory SLE, while few studies focused on mild SLE. Therefore, this study focused on the therapeutic effects of hUC-MSC transplantation in early-stage or mild MRL/lpr lupus model mice. METHODS Commercially available hUC-MSCs were transplanted into 8-week-old MRL/lpr mice by tail vein injection. Flow cytometry was used to analyze B cells and their subsets in the peripheral blood. Further, plasma inflammatory factors, autoantibodies, and plasma biochemical indices were detected using protein chip technology and ELISA kits. In addition, pathological staining and immunofluorescence were performed to detect kidney injury in mice. RESULTS hUC-MSC transplantation did not affect the mice's body weight, and both middle and high dose hUC-MSC transplantation (MD and HD group) actually reduced spleen weight. hUC-MSC transplantation significantly decreased the proportion of plasmablasts (PB), IgG1- PB, IgG1+ PB, IgG1+ memory B (MB) cells, IgG1+ DN MB, and IgG1+ SP MB cells. The hUC-MSC transplantation had significantly reduced plasma levels of inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-13. Pathological staining showed that the infiltration of glomerular inflammatory cells was significantly reduced and that the level of glomerular fibrosis was significantly alleviated in hUC-MSC-transplanted mice. Immunofluorescence assays showed that the deposition of IgG and IgM antibodies in the kidneys of hUC-MSC-transplanted mice was significantly lower than in the control. CONCLUSION hUC-MSC transplantation could inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of peripheral blood B cells in the early-stage of MRL/lpr mice, thereby alleviating the plasma inflammatory environment in mice, leading to kidney injury remission. The study provides a new and feasible strategy for SLE treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengbiao Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanren Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuzhen Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Shangmei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Aifen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Zengzhi Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Lawei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maldonado VV, Patel NH, Smith EE, Barnes CL, Gustafson MP, Rao RR, Samsonraj RM. Clinical utility of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in regenerative medicine and cellular therapy. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:44. [PMID: 37434264 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been carefully examined to have tremendous potential in regenerative medicine. With their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, MSCs have numerous applications within the clinical sector. MSCs have the properties of multilineage differentiation, paracrine signaling, and can be isolated from various tissues, which makes them a key candidate for applications in numerous organ systems. To accentuate the importance of MSC therapy for a range of clinical indications, this review highlights MSC-specific studies on the musculoskeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, and immune systems where most trials are reported. Furthermore, an updated list of the different types of MSCs used in clinical trials, as well as the key characteristics of each type of MSCs are included. Many of the studies mentioned revolve around the properties of MSC, such as exosome usage and MSC co-cultures with other cell types. It is worth noting that MSC clinical usage is not limited to these four systems, and MSCs continue to be tested to repair, regenerate, or modulate other diseased or injured organ systems. This review provides an updated compilation of MSCs in clinical trials that paves the way for improvement in the field of MSC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitali V Maldonado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 790 W Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Neel H Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 790 W Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Emma E Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 790 W Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - C Lowry Barnes
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Raj R Rao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 790 W Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Rebekah M Samsonraj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 790 W Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Czwartos J, Dobosz B, Kasprzycka W, Osuchowska PN, Stępińska M, Trafny EA, Starzyński J, Mierczyk Z. Preliminary Study on the Effect of a Single High-Energy Electromagnetic Pulse on Morphology and Free Radical Generation in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087246. [PMID: 37108409 PMCID: PMC10139018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of nanosecond electromagnetic pulses on human health, and especially on forming free radicals in human cells, is the subject of continuous research and ongoing discussion. This work presents a preliminary study on the effect of a single high-energy electromagnetic pulse on morphology, viability, and free radical generation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). The cells were exposed to a single electromagnetic pulse with an electric field magnitude of ~1 MV/m and a pulse duration of ~120 ns generated from a 600 kV Marx generator. The cell viability and morphology at 2 h and 24 h after exposure were examined using confocal fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The number of free radicals was investigated with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The microscopic observations and EPR measurements showed that the exposure to the high-energy electromagnetic pulse influenced neither the number of free radicals generated nor the morphology of hMSC in vitro compared to control samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Czwartos
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Dobosz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Kasprzycka
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Natalia Osuchowska
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stępińska
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Anna Trafny
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Starzyński
- Faculty of Electronical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zygmunt Mierczyk
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu KY, Ahmad H, Lin G, Carbonneau M, Tran SD. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041167. [PMID: 37111652 PMCID: PMC10142951 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the field of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has exhibited rapid growth. Due to their regenerative, reparatory, and immunomodulatory capacities, MSCs have been widely investigated as therapeutic agents in the cell-based treatment of chronic ophthalmic pathologies. However, the applicability of MSC-based therapy is limited by suboptimal biocompatibility, penetration, and delivery to the target ocular tissues. An emerging body of research has elucidated the role of exosomes in the biological functions of MSCs, and that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, tissue repairing, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties similar to MSCs. The recent advances in MSCs-derived exosomes can serve as solutions to the challenges faced by MSCs-therapy. Due to their nano-dimensions, MSC-derived exosomes can rapidly penetrate biological barriers and reach immune-privileged organs, allowing for efficient delivery of therapeutic factors such as trophic and immunomodulatory agents to ocular tissues that are typically challenging to target by conventional therapy and MSCs transplantation. In addition, the use of EVs minimizes the risks associated with mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. In this literature review, we focus on the studies published between 2017 and 2022, highlighting the characteristics of EVs derived from MSCs and their biological functions in treating anterior and posterior segment ocular diseases. Additionally, we discuss the potential use of EVs in clinical settings. Rapid advancements in regenerative medicine and exosome-based drug delivery, in conjunction with an increased understanding of ocular pathology and pharmacology, hold great promise for the treatment of ocular diseases. The potential of exosome-based therapies is exciting and can revolutionize the way we approach these ocular conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Y Wu
- Department of Surgery-Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 2E8, Canada
| | - Hamza Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Grace Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marjorie Carbonneau
- Department of Surgery-Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 2E8, Canada
| | - Simon D Tran
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pereira B, Duque K, Ramos-Gonzalez G, Díaz-Solano D, Wittig O, Zamora M, Gledhill T, Cardier JE. Wound healing by transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells loaded on polyethylene terephthalate scaffold: Implications for skin injury treatment. Injury 2023; 54:1071-1081. [PMID: 36801131 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several clinical studies have shown that cellular therapy based on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) transplantation may accelerate wound healing. One major challenge is the delivery system used for MSCs transplantation. In this work, we evaluated the capacity of a scaffold based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to maintain the viability and biological functions of MSCs, in vitro. We examined the capacity of MSCs loaded on PET (MSCs/PET) to induce wound healing in an experimental model of full-thickness wound. METHODS Human MSCs were seeded and cultured on PET membranes at 37 °C for 48 h. Adhesion, viability, proliferation, migration, multipotential differentiation and chemokine production were evaluated in cultures of MSCs/PET. The possible therapeutic effect of MSCs/PET on the re-epithelialization of full thickness wounds was examined at day 3 post-wounding in C57BL/6 mice. Histological and immunohistochemical (IH) studies were performed to evaluate wound re-epithelialization and the presence of epithelial progenitor cells (EPC). As controls, wounds without treatment or treated with PET were established. RESULTS We observed MSCs adhered to PET membranes and maintained their viability, proliferation and migration. They preserved their multipotential capacity of differentiation and ability of chemokine production. MSCs/PET implants promoted an accelerated wound re-epithelialization, after three days post-wounding. It was associated with the presence of EPC Lgr6+ and K6+. DISCUSSION Our results show that MSCs/PET implants induce a rapid re-epithelialization of deep- and full-thickness wounds. MSCs/PET implants constitute a potential clinical therapy for treating cutaneous wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betzabeth Pereira
- Unidad de Terapia Celular - Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela; Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Celular, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Kharelys Duque
- Unidad de Terapia Celular - Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Giselle Ramos-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Terapia Celular - Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Dylana Díaz-Solano
- Unidad de Terapia Celular - Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Olga Wittig
- Unidad de Terapia Celular - Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Mariela Zamora
- Departamento de Dermatologia, Hospital Militar "Dr Carlos Arvelo, Venezuela
| | - Teresa Gledhill
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Vargas, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela
| | - José E Cardier
- Unidad de Terapia Celular - Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Williams T, Salmanian G, Burns M, Maldonado V, Smith E, Porter RM, Song YH, Samsonraj RM. Versatility of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regenerative applications. Biochimie 2023; 207:33-48. [PMID: 36427681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent somatic cells that have been widely explored in the field of regenerative medicine. MSCs possess the ability to secrete soluble factors as well as lipid bound extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSCs have gained increased interest and attention as a result of their therapeutic properties, which are thought to be attributed to their secretome. However, while the use of MSCs as whole cells pose heterogeneity concerns and survival issues post-transplantation, such limitations are absent in cell-free EV-based treatments. EVs derived from MSCs are promising therapeutic agents for a range of clinical conditions and disorders owing to their immunomodulatory, pro-regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activity. Recent successes with preclinical studies using EVs for repair and regeneration of damaged tissues such as cardiac tissue, lung, liver, pancreas, bone, skin, cornea, and blood diseases are discussed in this review. We also discuss delivery strategies of EVs using biomaterials as delivery vehicles through systemic or local administration. Despite its effectiveness in preclinical investigations, the application of MSC-EV in clinical settings will necessitate careful consideration surrounding issues such as: i) scalability and isolation, ii) biodistribution, iii) targeting specific tissues, iv) quantification and characterization, and v) safety and efficacy of dosage. The future of EVs in regenerative medicine is promising yet still needs further investigation on enhancing the efficacy, scalability, and potency for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Salmanian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Morgan Burns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Vitali Maldonado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Emma Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Ryan M Porter
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Young Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Rebekah Margaret Samsonraj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Samsonraj RM, Law SF, Chandra A, Pignolo RJ. An unbiased proteomics approach to identify the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101674. [PMID: 36994454 PMCID: PMC10041468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow can support skeletal tissue repair and regeneration owing to their self-renewing capacity, differentiation ability, and trophic functions. Bone marrow-derived MSCs undergo dramatic changes with aging, including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which may largely contribute to age-related changes in bone tissue leading to osteoporosis. A mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach was used to investigate the MSC SASP. Replicative senescence was achieved by exhaustive in vitro sub-cultivation and confirmed by standard proliferation criteria. Conditioned media from non-senescent and senescent MSCs underwent mass spectrometry. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses enabled the identification of 95 proteins expressed uniquely in senescent MSCs. Protein ontology analysis revealed the enrichment of proteins linked to the extracellular matrix, exosomes, cell adhesion, and calcium ion binding. The proteomic analysis was independently validated by taking ten identified proteins with relevance to bone aging and confirming their increased abundance in conditioned media from replicatively senescent versus non-senescent MSCs (ACTα2, LTF, SOD1, IL-6, LTBP2, PXDN, SERPINE 1, COL1α1, THBS1, OPG). These target proteins were used to further investigate changes in the MSC SASP profile in response to other inducers of senescence, ionizing radiation (IR) and H2O2. Similar secreted protein expression profiles with replicatively senescent cells were seen with H2O2 treatment except for LTF and PXDN, which were increased by IR treatment. With both IR and H2O2 treatment there was a decrease in THBS1. In vivo investigation of these secreted proteins with aging was shown by significant changes in the abundance of OPG, COL1α1, IL-6, ACTα2, SERPINE 1, and THBS1 in the plasma of aged rats. This unbiased, comprehensive analysis of the changes in the MSC secretome with senescence defines the unique protein signature of the SASP in these cells and provides a better understanding of the aging bone microenvironment. Identified the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of mesenchymal stem cells. Investigated protein expression under different senescence induction conditions. Showed significant changes in in vivo abundance of target proteins in aging rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan F. Law
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert J. Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Corresponding author at: Robert and Arlene Kogod Professor of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tee CA, Han J, Hui JHP, Lee EH, Yang Z. Perspective in Achieving Stratified Articular Cartilage Repair Using Zonal Chondrocytes. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023. [PMID: 36416231 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is composed of superficial, medial, and deep zones, which endow the tissue with biphasic mechanical properties to withstand shearing force and compressional loading. The tissue has very limited self-healing capacity once it is damaged due to its avascular nature. To prevent the early onset of osteoarthritis, surgical intervention is often needed to repair the injured cartilage. Current noncell-based and cell-based treatments focus on the regeneration of homogeneous cartilage to achieve bulk compressional properties without recapitulating the zonal matrix and mechanical properties, and often oversight in aiding cartilage integration between host and repair cartilage. It is hypothesized that achieving zonal architecture in articular cartilage tissue repair could improve the structural and mechanical integrity and thus the life span of the regenerated tissue. Engineering stratified cartilage constructs using zonal chondrocytes have been hypothesized to improve the functionality and life span of the regenerated tissues. However, stratified articular cartilage repair has yet to be realized to date due to the lack of an efficient zonal chondrocyte isolation method and an expansion platform that would allow both cell propagation and phenotype maintenance. Various attempts and challenges in achieving stratified articular cartilage repair in a clinical setting are evaluated. In this review, different perspectives on achieving stratified articular cartilage repair using zonal chondrocytes are described. The effectiveness of different zonal chondrocyte isolation and zonal chondrocyte phenotype maintenance methodologies during expansion are compared, with the focus on recent advancements in zonal chondrocyte isolation and expansion that could present a possible strategy to overcome the limitation of applying zonal chondrocytes to facilitate zonal architecture development in articular cartilage regeneration. Impact Statement The zonal properties of articular cartilage contribute to the biphasic mechanical properties of the tissues. Recapitulation of the zonal architecture in regenerated articular cartilage has been hypothesized to improve the mechanical integrity and life span of the regenerated tissue. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the current state of research relevant to achieving stratified articular cartilage repair using zonal chondrocytes from different perspectives. This review further elaborates on a zonal chondrocyte production pipeline that can potentially overcome the current clinical challenges and future work needed to realize stratified zonal chondrocyte implantation in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching Ann Tee
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalised-Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jongyoon Han
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalised-Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Hoi Po Hui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Hin Lee
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalised-Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng Yang
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalised-Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Torrents S, Grau-Vorster M, Vives J. Illustrative Potency Assay Examples from Approved Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1420:139-149. [PMID: 37258788 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30040-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) encompass a new type of drugs resulting from the manipulation of genes, cells, and tissues to generate innovative medicinal entities with tailored pharmaceutical activity. Definition of suitable potency tests for product release are challenging in this context, in which the active ingredient is composed of living cells and the mechanism of action often is poorly understood. In this chapter, we present and discuss actual potency assays used for the release of representative commercial ATMP from each category of products (namely, KYMRIAH® (tisagenlecleucel), Holoclar® (limbal epithelial stem cells), and PROCHYMAL®/RYONCIL™ (remestemcel-L)). We also examine concerns related to the biological relevance of selected potency assays and challenges ahead for harmonization and broader implementation in compliance with current quality standards and regulatory guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Torrents
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusion Medicine group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Grau-Vorster
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusion Medicine group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain.
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng Z, Li P, Shen F, Shi Y, Shao C. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Cancer: from Initiation to Metastasis. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:785-793. [PMID: 36462949 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exist in many tissues and have pleiotropic potential to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. Recent research in tumor biology has focused on their low immunogenicity and tumorhoming properties. MSCs promote cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis through several different mechanisms, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and through their interaction with immune cells. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenic role of MSCs in regulating tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis, thus providing a strong rationale for targeting MSCs in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangrong Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shi MY, Liu L, Yang FY. Strategies to improve the effect of mesenchymal stem cell therapy on inflammatory bowel disease. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:684-699. [PMID: 36188115 PMCID: PMC9516464 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i9.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disease of the colonic mucosa. The occurrence of IBD, causes irreversible damage to the colon and increases the risk of carcinoma. The routine clinical treatment of IBD includes drug treatment, endoscopic treatment and surgery. The vast majority of patients are treated with drugs and biological agents, but the complete cure of IBD is difficult. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a new type of cell therapy for the treatment of IBD due to their immunomodulatory and nutritional functions, which have been confirmed in many clinical trials. This review discusses some potential mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of IBD, summarizes the experimental results, and provides new insights to enhance the therapeutic effects of MSCs in future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yue Shi
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fu-Yuan Yang
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Linkova DD, Rubtsova YP, Egorikhina MN. Cryostorage of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biomedical Cell-Based Products. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172691. [PMID: 36078098 PMCID: PMC9454587 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) manifest vast opportunities for clinical use due both to their ability for self-renewal and for effecting paracrine therapeutic benefits. At the same time, difficulties with non-recurrent generation of large numbers of cells due to the necessity for long-term MSC expansion ex vivo, or the requirement for repeated sampling of biological material from a patient significantly limits the current use of MSCs in clinical practice. One solution to these problems entails the creation of a biobank using cell cryopreservation technology. This review is aimed at analyzing and classifying literature data related to the development of protocols for the cryopreservation of various types of MSCs and tissue-engineered structures. The materials in the review show that the existing techniques and protocols for MSC cryopreservation are very diverse, which significantly complicates standardization of the entire process. Here, the selection of cryoprotectors and of cryoprotective media shows the greatest variability. Currently, it is the cryopreservation of cell suspensions that has been studied most extensively, whereas there are very few studies in the literature on the freezing of intact tissues or of tissue-engineered structures. However, even now it is possible to develop general recommendations to optimize the cryopreservation process, making it less traumatic for cells.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ravenscroft H, El Karim I, Krasnodembskaya AD, Gilmore B, About I, Lundy FT. Novel Antibacterial Properties of the Human Dental Pulp Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:956-969. [PMID: 35339427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is well recognized that clearance of bacterial infection within the dental pulp precedes pulpal regeneration. However, although the regenerative potential of the human dental pulp has been investigated extensively, its antimicrobial potential remains to be examined in detail. In the current study bactericidal assays were used to demonstrate that the secretome of dental pulp multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has direct antibacterial activity against the archetypal Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively, as well as the oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Furthermore, a cytokine/growth factor array, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and antibody blocking were used to show that cytokines and growth factors present in the dental pulp MSC secretome, including hepatocyte growth factor, angiopoietin-1, IL-6, and IL-8, contribute to this novel antibacterial activity. This study elucidated a novel and diverse antimicrobial secretome from human dental pulp MSCs, suggesting that these cells contribute to the antibacterial properties of the dental pulp. With this improved understanding of the secretome of dental pulp MSCs and its novel antibacterial activity, new evidence for the ability of the dental pulp to fight infection and restore functional competence is emerging, providing further support for the biological basis of pulpal repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Ravenscroft
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ikhlas El Karim
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Anna D Krasnodembskaya
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Gilmore
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Imad About
- Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Fionnuala T Lundy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Granata V, Crisafulli L, Nastasi C, Ficara F, Sobacchi C. Bone Marrow Niches and Tumour Cells: Lights and Shadows of a Mutual Relationship. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884024. [PMID: 35603212 PMCID: PMC9121377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) niche is the spatial structure within the intra-trabecular spaces of spongious bones and of the cavity of long bones where adult haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain their undifferentiated and cellular self-renewal state through the intervention of vascular and nervous networks, metabolic pathways, transcriptional and epigenetic regulators, and humoral signals. Within the niche, HSCs interact with various cell types such as osteoblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which maintain HSCs in a quiescent state or sustain their proliferation, differentiation, and trafficking, depending on body needs. In physiological conditions, the BM niche permits the daily production of all the blood and immune cells and their admittance/ingress/progression into the bloodstream. However, disruption of this delicate microenvironment promotes the initiation and progression of malignancies such as those included in the spectrum of myeloid neoplasms, also favouring resistance to pharmacological therapies. Alterations in the MSC population and in the crosstalk with HSCs owing to tumour-derived factors contribute to the formation of a malignant niche. On the other hand, cells of the BM microenvironment cooperate in creating a unique milieu favouring metastasization of distant tumours into the bone. In this framework, the pro-tumorigenic role of MSCs is well-documented, and few evidence suggest also an anti-tumorigenic effect. Here we will review recent advances regarding the BM niche composition and functionality in normal and in malignant conditions, as well as the therapeutic implications of the interplay between its diverse cellular components and malignant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Granata
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Crisafulli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Nastasi
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS Mario Negri Pharmacological Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ficara
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Sobacchi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Milan Unit, CNR-IRGB, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Cristina Sobacchi,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Feng Y, Luo J, Cheng J, Xu A, Qiu D, He S, Zheng D, Jia C, Zhang Q, Lin N. A Small-Molecule Cocktails-Based Strategy in Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:819148. [PMID: 35360405 PMCID: PMC8963903 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.819148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a variety of unique properties, such as stem cell multipotency and immune regulation, making them attractive for use in cell therapy. Before infusion therapy, MSCs are required to undergo tissue separation, purification, and expansion in vitro for a certain duration. During the process of in vitro expansion of MSCs, the influence of culture time and environment can lead to cell senescence, increased heterogeneity, and function attenuation, which limits their clinical applications. We used a cocktail of three small-molecule compounds, ACY (A-83–01, CHIR99021, and Y-27632), to increase the proliferation activity of MSCs in vitro and reduce cell senescence. ACY inhibited the increase in heterogeneity of MSCs and conserved their differentiation potential. Additionally, ACY maintained the phenotype of MSCs and upregulated the expression of immunomodulatory factors. These results suggest that ACY can effectively improve the quantity and quality of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jintao Cheng
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Kashi, China
| | - Dongbo Qiu
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixiao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dayong Zheng
- The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Kashi, China
| | - Changchang Jia
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Changchang Jia, ; Qi Zhang, Nan Lin,
| | - Qi Zhang
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Changchang Jia, ; Qi Zhang, Nan Lin,
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Changchang Jia, ; Qi Zhang, Nan Lin,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Manzini P, Peli V, Rivera-Ordaz A, Budelli S, Barilani M, Lazzari L. Validation of an automated cell counting method for cGMP manufacturing of human induced pluripotent stem cells. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 33:e00708. [PMID: 35198419 PMCID: PMC8851089 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
Strategies to enhance immunomodulatory properties and reduce heterogeneity in mesenchymal stromal cells during ex vivo expansion. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:456-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
24
|
Bian D, Wu Y, Song G, Azizi R, Zamani A. The application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivative exosome in skin wound healing: a comprehensive review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:24. [PMID: 35073970 PMCID: PMC8785459 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and also their exosome has become a game-changing tool in the context of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MSCs due to their competencies to establish skin cells, such as fibroblast and keratinocyte, and also their unique attribute to suppress inflammation in wound site has attracted increasing attention among scholars. In addition, MSC's other capabilities to induce angiogenesis as a result of secretion of pro-angiogenic factors accompanied with marked anti-fibrotic activities, which mainly mediated by the releases matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), make them a rational and effective strategy to accelerate wound healing with a small scar. Since the chief healing properties of the MSCs depend on their paracrine effects, it appears that MSCs-derived exosomes also can be an alternative option to support wound healing and skin regeneration as an innovative cell-free approach. Such exosomes convey functional cargos (e.g., growth factor, cytokine, miRNA, etc.) from MSCs to target cells, thereby affecting the recipient skin cells' biological events, such as migration, proliferation, and also secretion of ECM components (e.g., collagen). The main superiorities of exosome therapy over parental MSCs are the diminished risk of tumor formation and also lower immunogenicity. Herein, we deliver an overview of recent in vivo reports rendering the therapeutic benefits of the MSCs-based therapies to ease skin wound healing, and so improving quality of life among patients suffering from such conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Bian
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, 960 Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Jinan, 250031 China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013 China
| | - Guodong Song
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013 China
| | - Ramyar Azizi
- Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zamani
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pawar N, Vaish A, Vaishya R. Core decompression and bone marrow aspirate concentrate injection for Avascular Necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head: A scoping review. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 24:101691. [PMID: 34820262 PMCID: PMC8591486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various joint preserving treatments are available for use in Avascular Necrosis of the femoral head. Most of these are effective in the pre-collapse stage of the disease. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of core decompression and Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in various stages of AVN, in modifying the progression of the disease and the need for hip replacement. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines were followed. The literature search was conducted from inception till 2nd May 2021, on the PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar search engines, using "bone marrow aspirate concentrate osteonecrosis femur" and "bmac osteonecrosis femur" as the keywords. In all these studies, Core Decompression with Bone marrow Aspirate concentrate was performed. The evaluation was done based on the progression of osteonecrosis, improvement in functional outcomes and the conversion to total hip arthroplasty. RESULTS We have analyzed 612 hips from11 studies, based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 38.27 years. There was a predominance of males. The grade of AVN ranged from grade 1 to 4. The average follow-up period of the cases ranged from 2 to 12 years (average: 4.38 years). The functional scores were improved in the majority of cases. Radiographic progression occurred in 23.5% of hips, and the Total Hip Arthroplasty was performed in 14.9% of hips. CONCLUSIONS Core decompression with Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in pre-collapse stages of the disease is beneficial in improving the functions scores and for reducing the radiological progression of the disease and need for total hip arthroplasty, in the majority of cases.
Collapse
|
26
|
Medrano-Trochez C, Chatterjee P, Pradhan P, Stevens HY, Ogle ME, Botchwey EA, Kurtzberg J, Yeago C, Gibson G, Roy K. Single-cell RNA-seq of out-of-thaw mesenchymal stromal cells shows tissue-of-origin differences and inter-donor cell-cycle variations. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:565. [PMID: 34736534 PMCID: PMC8567133 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human Mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) from various tissue sources are widely investigated in clinical trials. These MSCs are often administered to patients immediately after thawing the cryopreserved product (out-of-thaw), yet little is known about the single-cell transcriptomic landscape and tissue-specific differences of out-of-thaw human MSCs. Methods 13 hMSC samples derived from 10 “healthy” donors were used to assess donor variability and tissue-of-origin differences in single-cell gene expression profiles. hMSCs derived and expanded from the bone marrow (BM) or cord tissue (CT) underwent controlled-rate freezing for 24 h. Cells were then transferred to the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen for cryopreservation. hMSCs cryopreserved for at least one week, were characterized immediately after thawing using a droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing method. Data analysis was performed with SC3 and SEURAT pipelines followed by gene ontology analysis. Results scRNA-seq analysis of the hMSCs revealed two major clusters of donor profiles, which differ in immune-signaling, cell surface properties, abundance of cell-cycle related transcripts, and metabolic pathways of interest. Within-sample transcriptomic heterogeneity is low. We identified numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that are associated with various cellular functions, such as cytokine signaling, cell proliferation, cell adhesion, cholesterol/steroid biosynthesis, and regulation of apoptosis. Gene-set enrichment analyses indicated different functional pathways in BM vs. CT hMSCs. In addition, MSC-batches showed significant variations in cell cycle status, suggesting different proliferative vs. immunomodulatory potential. Several potential transcript-markers for tissue source differences were identified for further investigation in future studies. In functional assays, both BM and CT MSCs suppressed macrophage TNFα secretion upon interferon stimulation. However, differences between donors, tissue-of-origin, and cell cycle are evident in both TNF suppression and cytokine secretion. Conclusions This study shows that donor differences in hMSC transcriptome are minor relative to the intrinsic differences in tissue-of-origin. hMSCs with different transcriptomic profiles showed potential differences in functional characteristics. These findings contribute to our understanding of tissue origin-based differences in out-of-thaw therapeutic hMSC products and assist in the identification of cells with immune-regulatory or survival potential from a heterogeneous MSC population. Our results form the basis of future studies in correlating single-cell transcriptomic markers with immunomodulatory functions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02627-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paramita Chatterjee
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Pallab Pradhan
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hazel Y Stevens
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Molly E Ogle
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Edward A Botchwey
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Carolyn Yeago
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Center for Integrative Genomics, Georgia Institute of Technology, EBB 3018, 950 Atlantic Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Marcus Center for Therapeutic Cell Characterization and Manufacturing, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,NSF Engineering Research Center (ERC) for Cell Manufacturing Technologies (CMaT), The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, EBB 3018, 950 Atlantic Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee DY, Lee SE, Kwon DH, Nithiyanandam S, Lee MH, Hwang JS, Basith S, Ahn JH, Shin TH, Lee G. Strategies to Improve the Quality and Freshness of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8444599. [PMID: 34539792 PMCID: PMC8445711 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8444599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) have been studied for their application to manage various neurological diseases, owing to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, paracrine, and antiapoptotic ability, as well as their homing capacity to specific regions of brain injury. Among mesenchymal stem cells, such as BM-MSCs, adipose-derived MSCs, and umbilical cord MSCs, BM-MSCs have many merits as cell therapeutic agents based on their widespread availability and relatively easy attainability and in vitro handling. For stem cell-based therapy with BM-MSCs, it is essential to perform ex vivo expansion as low numbers of MSCs are obtained in bone marrow aspirates. Depending on timing, before hBM-MSC transplantation into patients, after detaching them from the culture dish, cell viability, deformability, cell size, and membrane fluidity are decreased, whereas reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, and cytosolic vacuoles are increased. Thus, the quality and freshness of hBM-MSCs decrease over time after detachment from the culture dish. Especially, for neurological disease cell therapy, the deformability of BM-MSCs is particularly important in the brain for the development of microvessels. As studies on the traditional characteristics of hBM-MSCs before transplantation into the brain are very limited, omics and machine learning approaches are needed to evaluate cell conditions with indepth and comprehensive analyses. Here, we provide an overview of hBM-MSCs, the application of these cells to various neurological diseases, and improvements in their quality and freshness based on integrated omics after detachment from the culture dish for successful cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Yeon Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyeon Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Mi Ha Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Su Hwang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shaherin Basith
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma L, Huang Z, Wu D, Kou X, Mao X, Shi S. CD146 controls the quality of clinical grade mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:488. [PMID: 34461987 PMCID: PMC8404346 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp (hMSC-DP), including dental pulp stem cells from permanent teeth and exfoliated deciduous teeth, possess unique MSC characteristics such as expression of specific surface molecules and a high proliferation rate. Since hMSC-DP have been applied in numerous clinical studies, it is necessary to establish criteria to evaluate their potency for cell-based therapies. Methods We compared stem cell properties of hMSC-DP at passages 5, 10 and 20 under serum (SE) and serum-free (SF) culture conditions. Cell morphology, proliferation capacity, chromosomal stability, surface phenotypic profiles, differentiation and immunoregulation ability were evaluated. In addition, we assessed surface molecule that regulates hMSC-DP proliferation and immunomodulation. Results hMSC-DP exhibited a decrease in proliferation rate and differentiation potential, as well as a reduced expression of CD146 when cultured under continuous passage conditions. SF culture conditions failed to alter surface marker expression, chromosome stability or proliferation rate when compared to SE culture. SF-cultured hMSC-DP were able to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic and neural cells, and displayed the capacity to regulate immune responses. Notably, the expression level of CD146 showed a positive correlation with proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulation, suggesting that CD146 can serve as a surface molecule to evaluate the potency of hMSC-DP. Mechanistically, we found that CD146 regulates proliferation and immunomodulation of hMSC-DP through the ERK/p-ERK pathway. Conclusion This study indicates that SF-cultured hMSC-DP are appropriate for producing clinical-grade cells. CD146 is a functional surface molecule to assess the potency of hMSC-DP. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02559-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Mao
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Shi
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hennes DMZB, Rosamilia A, Werkmeister JA, Gargett CE, Mukherjee S. Endometrial SUSD2 + Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Tissue Engineering: Advances in Novel Cellular Constructs for Pelvic Organ Prolapse. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090840. [PMID: 34575617 PMCID: PMC8471527 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapy is an emerging field in clinical and personalised medicine. Many adult mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC) or pluripotent derivatives are being assessed simultaneously in preclinical trials for their potential treatment applications in chronic and degenerative human diseases. Endometrial mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (eMSC) have been identified as clonogenic cells that exist in unique perivascular niches within the uterine endometrium. Compared with MSC isolated from other tissue sources, such as bone marrow and adipose tissue, eMSC can be extracted through less invasive methods of tissue sampling, and they exhibit improvements in potency, proliferative capacity, and control of culture-induced differentiation. In this review, we summarize the potential cell therapy and tissue engineering applications of eMSC in pelvic organ prolapse (POP), emphasising their ability to exert angiogenic and strong immunomodulatory responses that improve tissue integration of novel surgical constructs for POP and promote vaginal tissue healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Z. B. Hennes
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Pelvic Floor Disorders Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.M.Z.B.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Anna Rosamilia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Pelvic Floor Disorders Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome A. Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Shayanti Mukherjee
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.M.Z.B.H.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Delben PB, Zomer HD, Acordi da Silva C, Gomes RS, Melo FR, Dillenburg-Pilla P, Trentin AG. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells from face and abdomen undergo replicative senescence and loss of genetic integrity after long-term culture. Exp Cell Res 2021; 406:112740. [PMID: 34303697 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Body fat depots are heterogeneous concerning their embryonic origin, structure, exposure to environmental stressors, and availability. Thus, investigating adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) from different sources is essential to standardization for future therapies. In vitro amplification is also critical because it may predispose cell senescence and mutations, reducing regenerative properties and safety. Here, we evaluated long-term culture of human facial ASCs (fASCs) and abdominal ASCs (aASCs) and showed that both met the criteria for MSCs characterization but presented differences in their immunophenotypic profile, and differentiation and clonogenic potentials. The abdominal tissue yielded more ASCs, and these had higher proliferative potential, but facial cells displayed fewer mitotic errors at higher passages. However, both cell types reduced clonal efficiency over time and entered replicative senescence around P12, as evaluated by progressive morphological alterations, reduced proliferative capacity, and SA-β-galactosidase expression. Loss of genetic integrity was detected by a higher proportion of cells showing nuclear alterations and γ-H2AX expression. Our findings indicate that the source of ASCs can substantially influence their phenotype and therefore should be carefully considered in future cell therapies, avoiding, however, long-term culture to ensure genetic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Barros Delben
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Helena Debiazi Zomer
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil; Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Camila Acordi da Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Gonçalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vegi Y, Charnley M, Earl SK, Onofrillo C, del Rosal B, Chong CJ, Stoddart PR, Cole N, Choong PF, Moulton SE, Reynolds NP. Photothermal release and recovery of mesenchymal stem cells from substrates functionalized with gold nanorods. Acta Biomater 2021; 129:110-121. [PMID: 34010693 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell therapies show great promise in regenerative medicine. However, to generate clinically relevant numbers of these stem cells, significant in vitro expansion of the cells is required before transplantation into the affected wound or defect. The current gold standard protocol for recovering in vitro cultured cells involves treatment with enzymes such as trypsin which can affect the cell phenotype and ability to interact with the environment. Alternative enzyme free methods of adherent cell recovery have been investigated, but none match the convenience and performance of enzymatic detachment. In this work we have developed a synthetically simple, low cost cell culture substrate functionalized with gold nanorods that can support cell proliferation and detachment. When these nanorods are irradiated with biocompatible low intensity near infrared radiation (785 nm, 560 mWcm-2) they generate localized surface plasmon resonance induced nanoscale heating effects which trigger detachment of adherent mesenchymal stem cells. Through simulations and thermometry experiments we show that this localized heating is concentrated at the cell-nanorod interface, and that the stem cells detached using this technique show either similar or improved multipotency, viability and ability to differentiate into clinically desirable osteo and adipocytes, compared to enzymatically harvested cells. This proof-of-principle work shows that photothermally mediated cell detachment is a promising method for recovering mesenchymal stem cells from in vitro culture substrates, and paves the way for further studies to scale up this process and facilitate its clinical translation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: New non-enzymatic methods of harvesting adherent cells without damaging or killing them are highly desirable in fields such as regenerative medicine. Here, we present a synthetically simple, non-toxic, infra-red induced method of harvesting mesenchymal stem cells from gold nanorod functionalized substrates. The detached cells retain their ability to differentiate into therapeutically valuable osteo and adipocytes. This work represents a significant improvement on similar cell harvesting studies due to: its simplicity; the use of clinically valuable stem cells as oppose to immortalized cell lines; and the extensive cellular characterization performed. Understanding, not just if cells live or die but how they proliferate and differentiate after photothermal detachment will be essential for the translation of this and similar techniques into commercial devices.
Collapse
|
32
|
Ryu DJ, Jeon YS, Park JS, Bae GC, Kim JS, Kim MK. Comparison of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Allogenic Human Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation on Chondral Defect of Knee: Assessment of Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Outcomes at 2-Year Follow-Up. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720943581. [PMID: 32713192 PMCID: PMC7563925 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720943581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological repair of cartilage lesions remains a significant clinical challenge. A wide variety of methods involving mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced. Because of the limitation of the results, most of the treatment methods have not yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) implantation were approved by Korea FDA. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes after two different types of MSCs implantation in knee osteoarthritis. Fifty-two patients (52 knees) who underwent cartilage repair surgery using the BMAC (25 knees) and hUCB-MSCs (27 knees) were retrospectively evaluated for 2 years after surgery. Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to the score of visual analogue scale (VAS), the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Cartilage repair was assessed according to the modified Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (M-MOCART) score and the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) cartilage repair scoring system. At 2-year follow-up, clinical outcomes including VAS, IKDC, and KOOS significantly improved (P < 0.05) in both groups; however, there were no differences between two groups. There was no significant difference in M-MOCART [1-year (P = 0.261), 2-year (P = 0.351)] and ICRS repair score (P = 0.655) between two groups. Both groups showed satisfactory clinical and MRI outcomes. Implantation of MSCs from BMAC or hUCB-MSCs is safe and effective for repairing cartilage lesion. However, large cases and a well-controlled prospective design with long-term follow-up studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jin Ryu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yoon Sang Jeon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Gi Cheol Bae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Myung Ku Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hickson LJ, Eirin A, Conley SM, Taner T, Bian X, Saad A, Herrmann SM, Mehta RA, McKenzie TJ, Kellogg TA, Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T, Saadiq IM, Tang H, Jordan KL, Zhu X, Griffin MD, Rule AD, van Wijnen AJ, Textor SC, Lerman LO. Diabetic Kidney Disease Alters the Transcriptome and Function of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells but Maintains Immunomodulatory and Paracrine Activities Important for Renal Repair. Diabetes 2021; 70:1561-1574. [PMID: 33858824 PMCID: PMC8336004 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) facilitate repair in experimental diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the hyperglycemic and uremic milieu may diminish regenerative capacity of patient-derived therapy. We hypothesized that DKD reduces human MSC paracrine function. Adipose-derived MSC from 38 participants with DKD and 16 control subjects were assessed for cell surface markers, trilineage differentiation, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), in vitro function (coculture or conditioned medium experiments with T cells and human kidney cells [HK-2]), secretome profile, and cellular senescence abundance. The direction of association between MSC function and patient characteristics were also tested. RNA-seq analysis identified 353 differentially expressed genes and downregulation of several immunomodulatory genes/pathways in DKD-MSC versus Control-MSC. DKD-MSC phenotype, differentiation, and tube formation capacity were preserved, but migration was reduced. DKD-MSC with and without interferon-γ priming inhibited T-cell proliferation greater than Control-MSC. DKD-MSC medium contained higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase 1 and prostaglandin-E2) and prorepair factors (hepatocyte growth factor and stromal cell-derived factor 1) but lower IL-6 versus control-MSC medium. DKD-MSC medium protected high glucose plus transforming growth factor-β-exposed HK-2 cells by reducing apoptotic, fibrotic, and inflammatory marker expression. Few DKD-MSC functions were affected by patient characteristics, including age, sex, BMI, hemoglobin A1c, kidney function, and urine albumin excretion. However, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity was lower in DKD-MSC from participants on metformin therapy. Therefore, while DKD altered the transcriptome and migratory function of culture-expanded MSCs, DKD-MSC functionality, trophic factor secretion, and immunomodulatory activities contributing to repair remained intact. These observations support testing of patient-derived MSC therapy and may inform preconditioning regimens in DKD clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LaTonya J Hickson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sabena M Conley
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Timucin Taner
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Xiaohui Bian
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ahmed Saad
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sandra M Herrmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ramila A Mehta
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - James L Kirkland
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physiology and Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physiology and Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ishran M Saadiq
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hui Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kyra L Jordan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Xiangyang Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mathew D Griffin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrew D Rule
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Stephen C Textor
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
LIU L, YANG F. Application of Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation in the Treatment of Liver Injury. Physiol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and other liver diseases pose a serious threat to human health; however, liver transplantation is the only reliable treatment for the terminal stage of liver diseases. Previous researchers have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by differentiation and paracrine effects, as well as anti-oxidative stress and immune regulation functions. When MSCs are transplanted into animals, they migrate to the injured liver tissue along with the circulation, to protect the liver and alleviate the injury through the paracrine, immune regulation and other characteristics, making mesenchymal stem cell transplantation a promising alternative therapy for liver diseases. Although the efficacy of MSCs transplantation has been confirmed in various animal models of liver injury, many researchers have also proposed various pretreatment methods to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, but there is still lack a set of scientific methods system aimed at improving the efficacy of transplantation therapy in scientific research and clinical practice. In this review, we summarize the possible mechanisms of MSCs therapy and compare the existing methods of MSCs modification corresponding to the treatment mechanism, hoping to provide as a reference to help future researchers explore a safe and simple transplantation strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L LIU
- School of Basic Medicine, Yangtze University Health Science Center, Jingzhou, China
| | - F YANG
- School of Basic Medicine, Yangtze University Health Science Center, Jingzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kowal JM, Möller S, Ali D, Figeac F, Barington T, Schmal H, Kassem M. Identification of a clinical signature predictive of differentiation fate of human bone marrow stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:265. [PMID: 33941262 PMCID: PMC8091554 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) is a promising therapy for bone regeneration due to their ability to differentiate into bone forming osteoblastic cells. However, transplanted hBMSCs exhibit variable capacity for bone formation resulting in inconsistent clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to identify a set of donor- and cell-related characteristics that detect hBMSCs with optimal osteoblastic differentiation capacity. METHODS We collected hBMSCs from 58 patients undergoing surgery for bone fracture. Clinical profile of the donors and in vitro characteristics of cultured hBMSCs were included in uni- and multivariable analysis to determine their predictive value for osteoblastic versus adipocytic differentiation capacity assessed by quantification of mineralized matrix and mature adipocyte formation, respectively. RESULTS We identified a signature that explained > 50% of variation in osteoblastic differentiation outcome which included the following positive predictors: donor sex (male), absence of osteoporosis diagnosis, intake of vitamin D supplements, higher fraction of CD146+, and alkaline phosphate (ALP+) cells. With the exception of vitamin D and ALP+ cells, these variables were also negative predictors of adipocytic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Using a combination of clinical and cellular criteria, it is possible to predict differentiation outcome of hBMSCs. This signature may be helpful in selecting donor cells in clinical trials of bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Magdalena Kowal
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. .,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Sören Möller
- OPEN - Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dalia Ali
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torben Barington
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Molecular Endocrinology Unit (KMEB), Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ścieżyńska A, Soszyńska M, Szpak P, Krześniak N, Malejczyk J, Kalaszczyńska I. Influence of Hypothermic Storage Fluids on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Stability: A Comprehensive Review and Personal Experience. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051043. [PMID: 33925059 PMCID: PMC8146384 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have generated a great deal of interest due to their potential use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Examples illustrating their therapeutic value across various in vivo models are demonstrated in the literature. However, some clinical trials have not proved their therapeutic efficacy, showing that translation into clinical practice is considerably more difficult and discrepancies in clinical protocols can be a source of failure. Among the critical factors which play an important role in MSCs’ therapeutic efficiency are the method of preservation of the stem cell viability and various characteristics during their storage and transportation from the GMP production facility to the patient’s bedside. The cell storage medium should be considered a key factor stabilizing the environment and greatly influencing cell viability and potency and therefore the effectiveness of advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) based on MSCs. In this review, we summarize data from 826 publications concerning the effect of the most frequently used cell preservation solutions on MSC potential as cell-based therapeutic medicinal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Ścieżyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (J.M.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Soszyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (J.M.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Szpak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Natalia Krześniak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Malejczyk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (J.M.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kalaszczyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (A.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.S.); (J.M.)
- Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Plantar fasciitis has been considered an acute inflammatory disorder. However, the local histologic findings represent a more chronic, degenerative state without inflammation. Patients may be stuck in a chronic state of cyclical inflammation leading to tissue degeneration, refractory symptoms, and disability. This idea process has influenced the treatment approach of some practitioners who have implemented the idea of regenerative medicine and use of biologic adjuvants in the treatment of plantar heel pain. Biologic therapies provide many different cellular components, growth factors, and proteins to restore normal tissue biology and are a useful adjunct in the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Ng
- Advanced Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Specialists, Denver, CO, USA; Highlands-Presbyterian, St. Luke's Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency Program, 1719 East 19th Avenue, Denver, CO 80218, USA.
| | - Robert Cavaliere
- Highlands-Presbyterian, St. Luke's Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency Program, 1719 East 19th Avenue, Denver, CO 80218, USA
| | - Lauren Molchan
- Highlands-Presbyterian, St. Luke's Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency Program, 1719 East 19th Avenue, Denver, CO 80218, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Herzig MC, Christy BA, Montgomery RK, Delavan CP, Jensen KJ, Lovelace SE, Cantu C, Salgado CL, Cap AP, Bynum JA. Interactions of human mesenchymal stromal cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a Mitogenic proliferation assay. J Immunol Methods 2021; 492:113000. [PMID: 33609532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a potentially important therapeutic modality. MSCs suppress peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation in vitro, suggesting a mechanism for suppressing inflammatory responses in vivo. This study details the interactions of PBMCs and MSCs. METHODS Pooled human PBMCs and MSCs were co-cultured at different MSC:PBMC ratios and harvested from 0 to 120 h, with and without phytohaemagglutin A (PHA) stimulation. Proliferation of adherent MSCs and non-adherent PBMCs was assessed by quantitation of ATP levels. PBMC surface marker expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity was determined by kynurenine assay and IDO mRNA by RT-PCR. Cytokine release was measured by ELISA. Immunofluorescent microscopy detected MSC, PBMC, monocyte (CD14+) and apoptotic events. RESULTS PBMC proliferation in response to PHA gave a robust ATP signal by 72 h, which was suppressed by co-culture with densely plated MSCs. Very low level MSC seeding densities relative to PBMC number reproducibly stimulated PBMC proliferation. The CD4+/CD3+ population significantly decreased over time while the CD8+/CD3+ population significantly increased. No change in CD4+/CD8+ ratio is seen with high density MSC co-culture; very low density MSCs augment the changes seen in PHA stimulated PBMCs alone. IDO activity in MSCs co-cultured with PBMCs correlated with PBMC suppression. MSCs increased the secretion of IL-10 and IL-6 from stimulated co-cultures and decreased TNF-α secretion. In stimulated co-culture, low density MSCs decreased in number; fluorescence immunomicroscopy detected association of PBMC with MSC and phosphatidyl serine externalization in both cell populations. CONCLUSIONS A bidirectional interaction between MSCs and PBMCs occurs during co-culture. High numbers of MSCs inhibit PHA-stimulated PBMC proliferation and the PBMC response to stimulation; low numbers of MSCs augment these responses. Low density MSCs are susceptible to attrition, apparently by PBMC-induced apoptosis. These results may have direct application when considering therapeutic dosing of patients; low MSC doses may have unintended detrimental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryanne C Herzig
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Barbara A Christy
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America.
| | - Robbie K Montgomery
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Christopher P Delavan
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Katherine J Jensen
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Sarah E Lovelace
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Carolina Cantu
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Christi L Salgado
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Andrew P Cap
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Surgery, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America.
| | - James A Bynum
- Blood and Coagulation Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Expansion and characterization of bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stromal cells in serum-free conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3403. [PMID: 33564114 PMCID: PMC7873235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are gaining increasing importance in the field of regenerative medicine. Although therapeutic value of MSCs is now being established through many clinical trials, issues have been raised regarding their expansion as per regulatory guidelines. Fetal bovine serum usage in cell therapy poses difficulties due to its less-defined, highly variable composition and safety issues. Hence, there is a need for transition from serum-based to serum-free media (SFM). Since SFM are cell type-specific, a precise analysis of the properties of MSCs cultured in SFM is required to determine the most suitable one. Six different commercially available low serum/SFM with two different seeding densities were evaluated to explore their ability to support the growth and expansion of BM-MSCs and assess the characteristics of BM-MSCs cultured in these media. Except for one of the SFM, all other media tested supported the growth of BM-MSCs at a low seeding density. No significant differences were observed in the expression of MSC specific markers among the various media tested. In contrary, the population doubling time, cell yield, potency, colony-forming ability, differentiation potential, and immunosuppressive properties of MSCs varied with one another. We show that SFM tested supports the growth and expansion of BM-MSCs even at low seeding density and may serve as possible replacement for animal-derived serum.
Collapse
|
40
|
Porzionato A, Zaramella P, Dedja A, Guidolin D, Bonadies L, Macchi V, Pozzobon M, Jurga M, Perilongo G, De Caro R, Baraldi E, Muraca M. Intratracheal administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduces lung injuries in a chronic rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L688-L704. [PMID: 33502939 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00148.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early therapeutic effect of intratracheally (IT)-administered extracellular vesicles secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) has been demonstrated in a rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) involving hyperoxia exposure in the first 2 postnatal weeks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of IT-administered MSC-EVs in the long term. EVs were produced from MSCs following GMP standards. At birth, rats were distributed in three groups: (a) animals raised in ambient air for 6 weeks (n = 10); and animals exposed to 60% hyperoxia for 2 weeks and to room air for additional 4 weeks and treated with (b) IT-administered saline solution (n = 10), or (c) MSC-EVs (n = 10) on postnatal days 3, 7, 10, and 21. Hyperoxia exposure produced significant decreases in total number of alveoli, total surface area of alveolar air spaces, and proliferation index, together with increases in mean alveolar volume, mean linear intercept and fibrosis percentage; all these morphometric changes were prevented by MSC-EVs treatment. The medial thickness index for <100 µm vessels was higher for hyperoxia-exposed/sham-treated than for normoxia-exposed rats; MSC-EV treatment significantly reduced this index. There were no significant differences in interstitial/alveolar and perivascular F4/8-positive and CD86-positive macrophages. Conversely, hyperoxia exposure reduced CD163-positive macrophages both in interstitial/alveolar and perivascular populations and MSC-EV prevented these hyperoxia-induced reductions. These findings further support that IT-administered EVs could be an effective approach to prevent/treat BPD, ameliorating the impaired alveolarization and pulmonary artery remodeling also in a long-term model. M2 macrophage polarization could play a role through anti-inflammatory and proliferative mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Porzionato
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zaramella
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Arben Dedja
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Diego Guidolin
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Bonadies
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Padua, Italy.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Marcin Jurga
- The Cell Factory BVBA (Esperite NV), Niel, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Perilongo
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Padua, Italy.,Pediatric Clinic, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Eugenio Baraldi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Institute of Pediatric Research, Padua, Italy
| | - Maurizio Muraca
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Padua, Italy.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lui H, Samsonraj RM, Vaquette C, Denbeigh J, Kakar S, Cool SM, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ. Combination of BMP2 and EZH2 Inhibition to Stimulate Osteogenesis in a 3D Bone Reconstruction Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:1084-1098. [PMID: 33234056 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) in bone regeneration cause adverse events (e.g, heterotopic bone formation and acute inflammation). This study examines novel epigenetic strategies (i.e., EZH2 inhibition) for augmenting osteogenesis, thereby aiming to reduce the required BMP2 dose in vivo for bone regeneration and minimize these adverse effects. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were grown on three-dimensional (3D)-printed medical-grade polycaprolactone scaffolds and incubated in osteogenic media containing 50 ng/mL BMP2 and/or 5 μM GSK126 (EZH2 inhibitor) for 6 days (n = 3 per group and timepoint). Constructs were harvested for realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis at Day 10 and immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy at Day 21. After pretreating for 6 days and maintaining in osteogenic media for 4 days, BMSC-seeded scaffolds were also implanted in an immunocompromised subcutaneous murine model (n = 39; 3/group/donor and 3 control scaffolds) for histological analysis at 8 weeks. Pretreatment of BMSCs with BMP2 and BMP2/GSK126 costimulated expression of osteoblast-related genes (e.g., IBSP, SP7, RUNX2, and DLX5), as well as protein accumulation (e.g., collagen type 1/COL1A1 and osteocalcin/BGLAP) based on IF staining. While in vivo implantation for 8 weeks did not result in bone formation, increased angiogenesis was observed in BMP2 and BMP2/GSK126 groups. This study finds that BMP2 and GSK126 costimulate osteogenic differentiation of MSCs on 3D scaffolds in vitro and may contribute to enhanced vascularization when implanted in vivo to support bone formation. Thus, epigenetic priming with EZH2 inhibitors may have translational potential in bone healing by permitting a reduction of BMP2 dosing in vivo to mitigate its side effects. Impact statement While autografts are still the gold standard for bone reconstruction, tissue availability and donor morbidity are significant limitations. Previous attempts to use high concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) have been shown to cause adverse events such as excessive bone formation and acute inflammation. Overall, the utilization of EZH2 inhibitors to modulate gene expression in favor of bone healing has been demonstrated in vitro in a tissue engineering strategy. Our study will pave the way to developing tissue engineering strategies involving GSK126 as an adjuvant to increase the effects of BMP2 for stimulating cells of interest on a three-dimensional scaffold for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayman Lui
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rebekah M Samsonraj
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cedryck Vaquette
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Janet Denbeigh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kakar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Simon M Cool
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bahsoun S, Coopman K, Akam EC. Quantitative assessment of the impact of cryopreservation on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: up to 24 h post-thaw and beyond. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:540. [PMID: 33317625 PMCID: PMC7734731 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of cryopreservation on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) are still ill-defined. In this study, a quantitative approach was adopted to measure several post-thaw cell attributes in order to provide an accurate reflection of the freezing and thawing impact. METHODS Fresh and cryopreserved passage-matched cells from three different donors were discretely analysed and compared for their viability, apoptosis level, phenotypic marker expression, metabolic activity, adhesion potential, proliferation rate, colony-forming unit ability (CFUF) and differentiation potentials. RESULTS The results of this study show that cryopreservation reduces cell viability, increases apoptosis level and impairs hBM-MSC metabolic activity and adhesion potential in the first 4 h after thawing. At 24 h post-thaw, cell viability recovered, and apoptosis level dropped but metabolic activity and adhesion potential remained lower than fresh cells. This suggests that a 24-h period is not enough for a full recovery. Beyond 24 h post-thaw, the observed effects are variable for the three cell lines. While no difference is observed in the pre- and post-cryopreservation proliferation rate, cryopreservation reduced the CFUF ability of two of the cell lines and variably affected the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials of the three cell lines. CONCLUSION The data collected in this study clearly show that fresh and cryopreserved hBM-MSCs are different, and these differences will inevitably introduce variabilities to the product and process development and subsequently imply financial losses. In order to avoid product divergence pre- and post-cryopreservation, effective strategies to mitigate freezing effects must be developed and implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Bahsoun
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Akam
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Srinivasan A, Teo N, Poon KJ, Tiwari P, Ravichandran A, Wen F, Teoh SH, Lim TC, Toh YC. Comparative Craniofacial Bone Regeneration Capacities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Neural Crest Stem Cells and Bone Marrow. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:207-221. [PMID: 33455206 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Most craniofacial bones are derived from the ectodermal germ layer via neural crest stem cells, which are distinct from mesoderm-derived long bones. However, current craniofacial bone tissue engineering approaches do not account for this difference and utilize mesoderm-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) as a paradigm cell source. The effect of the embryonic origin (ontogeny) of an MSC population on its osteogenic differentiation potential and regenerative ability still remains unresolved. To clarify the effects of MSC ontogeny on bone regenerative ability, we directly compared the craniofacial bone regenerative abilities of an ecto-mesenchymal stem cell (eMSC) population, which is derived from human embryonic stem cells via a neural crest intermediate, with mesodermal adult BM-MSCs. eMSCs showed comparable osteogenic and chondrogenic ability to BM-MSCs in 2-D in vitro culture, but lower adipogenic ability. They exhibited greater proliferation than BM-MSCs and comparable construct mineralization in a well-established 3-D polycaprolactone-tricalcium phosphate (PCL-TCP) scaffold system in vitro. eMSC-derived 3D osteogenic constructs were maintained for longer in a proliferative osteoblast state and exhibited differential levels of genes related to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling compared to BM-MSCs. Although both eMSC and BM-MSC-seeded scaffold constructs could promote bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model, eMSC-derived osseous constructs had significantly higher cellularity due to increased number of proliferative (Ki67+) cells than those seeded with BM-MSCs, and exhibited enhanced new bone formation in the defect area as compared to untreated controls. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential of human eMSCs for future clinical use in craniofacial regeneration applications and indicates the importance of considering MSC origin when selecting an MSC source for regenerative applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Srinivasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, #04-08, Singapore, 117583.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119288.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, DSO (Kent Ridge), 27 Medical Drive, #04-01, Singapore, 117510
| | - Nelson Teo
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228
| | - Kei Jun Poon
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228
| | - Priya Tiwari
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228
| | - Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering & Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Feng Wen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering & Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459
| | - Swee Hin Teoh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering & Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459
| | - Thiam Chye Lim
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228.,Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228
| | - Yi-Chin Toh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, #04-08, Singapore, 117583.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, DSO (Kent Ridge), 27 Medical Drive, #04-01, Singapore, 117510.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ofiteru AM, Becheru DF, Gharbia S, Balta C, Herman H, Mladin B, Ionita M, Hermenean A, Burns JS. Qualifying Osteogenic Potency Assay Metrics for Human Multipotent Stromal Cells: TGF-β2 a Telling Eligible Biomarker. Cells 2020; 9:E2559. [PMID: 33260388 PMCID: PMC7760953 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Potency assays are critical for regenerative medicine, addressing the known challenge of functional heterogeneity among human multipotent stromal cells (hMSC). Necessary laboratory cell expansion allows analysis before implantation in the patient. Levels of induction of five signature gene biomarkers, ALPL, COL1A2, DCN, ELN and RUNX2, constituted a previously reported proof-of-principle osteogenic potency assay. We tested assay modification to enhance reproducibility using six consistent bone marrow derived hBM-MSC and explored applicability to three adipose tissue derived hAT-MSC. Using a potent proprietary osteogenic induction factor, the GUSB/YWAHZ reference gene pair provided real time PCR consistency. The novel assay conditions supported the concept that genes encoding extracellular matrix proteins one week after osteogenic induction were informative. Nonetheless, relatively low induction of COL1A2 and ELN encouraged search for additional biomarkers. TGFB2 mRNA induction, important for osteogenic commitment, was readily quantifiable in both hBM-MSC and hAT-MSC. Combined with DCN, TGFB2 mRNA induction data provided discriminatory power for resolving donor-specific heterogeneity. Histomorphometric decorin and TGF-β2 protein expression patterns in eight-week heterotopic bone implants also discriminated the two non-bone-forming hMSC. We highlight progress towards prompt osteogenic potency assays, needed by current clinical trials to accelerate improved intervention with enhanced stem cell therapy for serious bone fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augustin M. Ofiteru
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Diana F. Becheru
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sami Gharbia
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Cornel Balta
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Hildegard Herman
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Bianca Mladin
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Mariana Ionita
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Jorge S. Burns
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
A streamlined proliferation assay using mixed lymphocytes for evaluation of human mesenchymal stem cell immunomodulation activity. J Immunol Methods 2020; 488:112915. [PMID: 33212091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been proposed for treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), graft versus host disease (GVHD), wound healing and trauma. A consensus is building that immunomodulation by MSCs is important for therapeutic potential. MSCs suppress peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation in vitro, potentially reflecting an ability to suppress PBMC inflammatory responses in vivo. Current mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assays commonly used to evaluate MSC potency generally rely on either direct co-culture or indirect culture using transwell systems for monitoring the proliferation of isolated PBMCs in the presence of mitotically inactive MSCs. Proliferation of PBMCs is monitored by several methods, including incorporation of radiolabeled nucleotides, BRDU labeling and ELISA assay or flow cytometry of carboxyfluorescein labeled PBMCs. Here we present a streamlined assay using MSCs in a direct co-culture system with unmodified MSCs using a luminescent ATP assay to evaluate both PBMC and MSC proliferation/survival. METHODS PBMCs were isolated from fresh anti-coagulated whole blood by centrifugation over Ficoll-Paque in LeucoSep tubes. Isolated PBMCs from 8 to 10 donors were pooled and cryopreserved at 1 × 107/ml in 50% RPMI medium,10% DMSO, 40% human AB serum. MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue or umbilical cord (BM-MSC, Ad-MSC, UC-MSC, respectively) were serially diluted starting at 50-60,000 cells/well and cultured in 96 well plates for 4-48 h in their respective medium. On Day 0, MSCs were washed, resuspended in PBMC media (RPMI with 10% FBS, 2 mM Glutamine, 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4) and incubated with or without 150,000 freshly thawed pooled PBMCs/well, in the presence or absence of phytohemagglutinin A (PHA, 0-5 μg/ml). Proliferation of both MSCs (adherent) and PBMCs (non-adherent) was assessed by quantitation of ATP levels using the bioluminescent reagent Cell Titer-Glo (Promega). Culture supernatant contained PBMC, while washed adherent cells were primarily MSCs. Both cell types were incubated for 30 min with an equal volume of Cell Titer-Glo reagent and then assayed in white plates on a luminescence plate reader. RESULTS PBMC proliferation in response to PHA stimulation resulted in a robust increase in ATP by 72 h, with >6 fold increase over unstimulated PBMCs, which showed no increase. MSC proliferation was decreased <20% at the highest PHA concentrations. Co-culture with MSCs suppressed PBMC proliferation dependent upon MSC passage number, source, and prior growth conditions. Total time to complete the ATP assay was under an hour including incubations. With minimal manipulations in the assay, intra- and inter- assay variations averaged 11.1 and 15.7% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Direct co-culture of live unmodified MSCs with freshly thawed pooled PBMCs gives a robust determination of immunosuppression by MSCs with unparalleled ease. Graded responses can be determined, allowing comparison of potency between MSC preparations as in comparisons between freshly thawed and cultured MSCs as well as interferon-γ licensed MSCs. With the 96 well plate assay, far fewer PBMCs are generally required than in a typical flow cytometry determination. This streamlined assay can be performed within 72 h, without irradiating cells and without specialized equipment.
Collapse
|
46
|
Amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells from early stages of embryonic development have higher self-renewal potential. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:701-714. [PMID: 33029689 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid (AF) is a rich source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that have the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages rendering them a promising and powerful tool for regenerative medicine. However, information regarding the differences among AFMSCs derived from different gestational stages is limited. In the present study, AFMSCs derived from 125 pregnant rats at four embryonic day (E) stages (E12, E15, E18, and E21) were isolated and cultured. The primary E15 cells were the smallest in size and the easiest to culture and usually grew in a spherical shape that resembled the growth morphology of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Once adhered, the E12 and E15 AFMSCs grew faster and could be passaged more than 60 times while still maintaining a continuous proliferative state; however, AFMSCs derived from E18 and E21 could normally be maintained for only 10 passages. To identify the possible reasons for this difference, RT-qPCR was used to examine several genes associated with self-renewal ability and cell origin. The Sox2 expression levels indicated that AFMSCs from E12 and E15 possessed stronger self-renewal capability. The K19, Col2A1, FGF5, AFP, and SPC expression levels indicated there were mixed-population cells co-existing in the AFMSC culture. In conclusion, E15 cells were easier to culture than E12 cells, could be passaged more often, and had a higher Sox2 expression than E18 or E21 cells. The E15-derived AFMSCs had higher viability and proliferative capacity than cells from the later stages. Therefore, AF cells from the early stages could be a good choice for exploring potential treatments involving AFMSCs.
Collapse
|
47
|
Landry A, Levy BJ, McCarthy MB, Muench LN, Uyeki C, Berthold DP, Cote MP, Mazzocca AD. Analysis of Time to Form Colony Units for Connective Tissue Progenitor Cells (Stem Cells) Harvested From Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate and Subacromial Bursa Tissue in Patients Undergoing Rotator Cuff Repair. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2020; 2:e629-e636. [PMID: 33135004 PMCID: PMC7588643 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the time required for colonies to develop from concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) and subacromial bursal tissue samples. Methods Samples of cBMA and subacromial bursa tissue were harvested from patients undergoing rotator cuff repair surgery between November 2014 and December 2019. Samples were analyzed for time to form colonies and number of colonies formed. The impact of age, sex, and cellularity (cBMA only) was analyzed. Samples were cultured and evaluated daily for colony formation in accordance with the guidelines of the International Society for Cellular Therapy. Demographic factors were analyzed for impact on time to form colonies and number of colonies formed. Results Samples of cBMA were obtained from 92 patients. Subacromial bursa tissue was obtained from 54 patients. For cBMA, older age was associated with more days to form colonies (P = .003), but sex (P = .955) and cellularity (P = .623) were not. For bursa, increased age was associated with longer time to form colonies (P = .002) but not sex (P = .804). Conclusions: Increased age (in cBMA and subacromial bursa tissue) and lower initial cellularity (in cBMA) are associated with longer time to form colonies in culture. Clinical Relevance Although connective tissue progenitor cells are widely used in orthopaedic practice, there are few metrics to determine their efficacy. Time to form colonies may serve as an important measurement for determining connective tissue progenitor cell viability for augmentation of rotator cuff repair. Subacromial bursa tissue may represent a viable alternative to cBMA for augmentation of rotator cuff repair, capable of forming colonies expediently in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Landry
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Benjamin J Levy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Mary Beth McCarthy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Lukas N Muench
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.,Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Colin Uyeki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Daniel P Berthold
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.,Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Mark P Cote
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Augustus D Mazzocca
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang Y, Minarsky A, Penner R, Soulé C, Morozova N. Model of Morphogenesis. J Comput Biol 2020; 27:1373-1383. [DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHÉS), Bures-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrey Minarsky
- St-Petersburg Academic University, National Research Academic University, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Robert Penner
- Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHÉS), Bures-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christophe Soulé
- Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHÉS), Bures-sur-Yvette, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
| | - Nadya Morozova
- Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHÉS), Bures-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR9198, I2BC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIN RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Galganski LA, Kumar P, Vanover MA, Pivetti CD, Anderson JE, Lankford L, Paxton ZJ, Chung K, Lee C, Hegazi MS, Yamashiro KJ, Wang A, Farmer DL. In utero treatment of myelomeningocele with placental mesenchymal stromal cells - Selection of an optimal cell line in preparation for clinical trials. J Pediatr Surg 2020; 55:1941-1946. [PMID: 31672407 PMCID: PMC7170747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We determined whether in vitro potency assays inform which placental mesenchymal stromal cell (PMSC) lines produce high rates of ambulation following in utero treatment of myelomeningocele in an ovine model. METHODS PMSC lines were created following explant culture of three early-gestation human placentas. In vitro neuroprotection was assessed with a neuronal apoptosis model. In vivo, myelomeningocele defects were created in 28 fetuses and repaired with PMSCs at 3 × 105 cells/cm2 of scaffold from Line A (n = 6), Line B (n = 7) and Line C (n = 5) and compared to no PMSCs (n = 10). Ambulation was scored as ≥13 on the Sheep Locomotor Rating Scale. RESULTS In vitro, Line A and B had higher neuroprotective capability than no PMSCs (1.7 and 1.8 respectively vs 1, p = 0.02, ANOVA). In vivo, Line A and B had higher large neuron densities than no PMSCs (25.2 and 27.9 respectively vs 4.8, p = 0.03, ANOVA). Line C did not have higher neuroprotection or larger neuron density than no PMSCs. In vivo, Line A and B had ambulation rates of 83% and 71%, respectively, compared to 60% with Line C and 20% with no PMSCs. CONCLUSION The in vitro neuroprotection assay will facilitate selection of optimal PMSC lines for clinical use. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE n/a. TYPE OF STUDY Basic science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Galganski
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Priyadarsini Kumar
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Melissa A Vanover
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Christopher D Pivetti
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Jamie E Anderson
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Lee Lankford
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Zachary J Paxton
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Karen Chung
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Chelsey Lee
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Mennatalla S Hegazi
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Kaeli J Yamashiro
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Aijun Wang
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Diana L Farmer
- University of California-Davis, 4625 2nd Ave, Suite 3005, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Cifuentes SJ, Priyadarshani P, Castilla-Casadiego DA, Mortensen LJ, Almodóvar J, Domenech M. Heparin/collagen surface coatings modulate the growth, secretome, and morphology of human mesenchymal stromal cell response to interferon-gamma. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:951-965. [PMID: 32786025 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of human mesenchymal stromal cells (h-MSC) is dependent on the viability and secretory capacity of cells both modulated by the culture environment. Our previous studies introduced heparin and collagen I (HEP/COL) alternating stacked layers as a potential substrate to enhance the secretion of immunosuppressive factors of h-MSCs. Herein, we examined the impact of HEP/COL multilayers on the growth, morphology, and secretome of bone marrow and adipose-derived h-MSCs. The physicochemical properties and stability of the HEP/COL coatings were confirmed at 0 and 30 days. Cell growth was examined using cell culture media supplemented with 2 and 10% serum for 5 days. Results showed that HEP/COL multilayers supported h-MSC growth in 2% serum at levels equivalent to 10% serum. COL and HEP as single component coatings had limited impact on cell growth. Senescent studies performed over three sequential passages showed that HEP/COL multilayers did not impair the replicative capacity of h-MSCs. Examination of 27 cytokines showed significant enhancements in eight factors, including intracellular indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, on HEP/COL multilayers when stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Image-based analysis of cell micrographs showed that serum influences h-MSC morphology; however, HEP-ended multilayers generated distinct morphological changes in response to IFN-γ, suggesting an optical detectable assessment of h-MSCs immunosuppressive potency. This study supports HEP/COL multilayers as a culture substrate for undifferentiated h-MSCs cultured in reduced serum conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Said J Cifuentes
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Priyanka Priyadarshani
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.,School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Luke J Mortensen
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.,School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jorge Almodóvar
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Maribella Domenech
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, USA
| |
Collapse
|