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Baecher H, Hoch CC, Knoedler S, Maheta BJ, Kauke-Navarro M, Safi AF, Alfertshofer M, Knoedler L. From bench to bedside - current clinical and translational challenges in fibula free flap reconstruction. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1246690. [PMID: 37886365 PMCID: PMC10598714 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1246690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibula free flaps (FFF) represent a working horse for different reconstructive scenarios in facial surgery. While FFF were initially established for mandible reconstruction, advancements in planning for microsurgical techniques have paved the way toward a broader spectrum of indications, including maxillary defects. Essential factors to improve patient outcomes following FFF include minimal donor site morbidity, adequate bone length, and dual blood supply. Yet, persisting clinical and translational challenges hamper the effectiveness of FFF. In the preoperative phase, virtual surgical planning and artificial intelligence tools carry untapped potential, while the intraoperative role of individualized surgical templates and bioprinted prostheses remains to be summarized. Further, the integration of novel flap monitoring technologies into postoperative patient management has been subject to translational and clinical research efforts. Overall, there is a paucity of studies condensing the body of knowledge on emerging technologies and techniques in FFF surgery. Herein, we aim to review current challenges and solution possibilities in FFF. This line of research may serve as a pocket guide on cutting-edge developments and facilitate future targeted research in FFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Baecher
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Cosima C. Hoch
- Medical Faculty, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bhagvat J. Maheta
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
| | - Martin Kauke-Navarro
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ali-Farid Safi
- Craniologicum, Center for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Alfertshofer
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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2
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Nugraheni VI, Bagio DA, Margono A, Julianto I. The Effect of Hydrogel Hyaluronic Acid on Dentine Sialophosphoprotein Expression of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Eur Endod J 2023; 8:280-285. [PMID: 38219035 PMCID: PMC10500214 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2023.59672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyaluronic acid (HA) is glycosaminoglycan and one of important factors in extracellular matrix. In an inflamed pulp, when niche biology is conducive, the recruitment of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) will take place and differentiate into odontoblast like cell, creating reparative dentine and expressing dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of hydrogel HA in various concentration towards hDPSCs differentiation via DSPP expression at day 7 and 14. METHODS After hDPSCs incubation reaching 80% confluence, cells were then starved for 24 hours. Then, culture media were supplemented with osteogenic media. hDPSCs planted into 96 well plate and HA 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL, and 30 μg/mL were added. DSPP expression was analysed using elisa reader at day 7 and 14, qualitative result was analysed using alizarin red at day 21. Data was analysed using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS At day 7, there was a statistically significant different potential of HA conditioned media in various concentration (p<0.05) towards hDPSCs differentiation via expression of DSPP with HA 30 μg/mL being the most potential concentration to increase DSPP expression. CONCLUSION HA have the potential to increase odontoblast differentiation process via expression of DSPP, with HA 30 μg/mL being the optimum concentration for hDPSCs. (EEJ-2022-12-169).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valonia Irene Nugraheni
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dini Asrianti Bagio
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Margono
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indah Julianto
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Universitas Sebelas Maret Faculty of Medicine, Surakarta, Indonesia
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3
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Zhao WM, Xuan K, Li B, Jin Y. Mesenchymal condensation in tooth development and regeneration: a focus on translational aspects of organogenesis. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1899-1964. [PMID: 36656056 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-repair, the teeth can often be impaired by traumatic, inflammatory, and progressive insults, leading to high prevalence of tooth loss and defects worldwide. Regenerative medicine holds the promise to achieve physiological restoration of lost or damaged organs, and in particular an evolving framework of developmental engineering has pioneered functional tooth regeneration by harnessing the odontogenic program. As a key event of tooth morphogenesis, mesenchymal condensation dictates dental tissue formation and patterning through cellular self-organization and signaling interaction with the epithelium, which provides a representative to decipher organogenetic mechanisms and can be leveraged for regenerative purposes. In this review, we summarize how mesenchymal condensation spatiotemporally assembles from dental stem cells (DSCs) and sequentially mediates tooth development. We highlight condensation-mimetic engineering efforts and mechanisms based on ex vivo aggregation of DSCs, which have achieved functionally robust and physiologically relevant tooth regeneration after implantation in animals and in humans. The discussion of this aspect will add to the knowledge of development-inspired tissue engineering strategies and will offer benefits to propel clinical organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wan-Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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4
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Solidum JGN, Jeong Y, Heralde F, Park D. Differential regulation of skeletal stem/progenitor cells in distinct skeletal compartments. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1137063. [PMID: 36926193 PMCID: PMC10013690 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1137063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs), characterized by self-renewal and multipotency, are essential for skeletal development, bone remodeling, and bone repair. These cells have traditionally been known to reside within the bone marrow, but recent studies have identified the presence of distinct SSPC populations in other skeletal compartments such as the growth plate, periosteum, and calvarial sutures. Differences in the cellular and matrix environment of distinct SSPC populations are believed to regulate their stemness and to direct their roles at different stages of development, homeostasis, and regeneration; differences in embryonic origin and adjacent tissue structures also affect SSPC regulation. As these SSPC niches are dynamic and highly specialized, changes under stress conditions and with aging can alter the cellular composition and molecular mechanisms in place, contributing to the dysregulation of local SSPCs and their activity in bone regeneration. Therefore, a better understanding of the different regulatory mechanisms for the distinct SSPCs in each skeletal compartment, and in different conditions, could provide answers to the existing knowledge gap and the impetus for realizing their potential in this biological and medical space. Here, we summarize the current scientific advances made in the study of the differential regulation pathways for distinct SSPCs in different bone compartments. We also discuss the physical, biological, and molecular factors that affect each skeletal compartment niche. Lastly, we look into how aging influences the regenerative capacity of SSPCs. Understanding these regulatory differences can open new avenues for the discovery of novel treatment approaches for calvarial or long bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea Giezl Niedo Solidum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francisco Heralde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Dongsu Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Skeletal Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Mumtaz N, Dudakovic A, Nair A, Koedam M, van Leeuwen JPTM, Koopmans MPG, Rockx B, van Wijnen AJ, van der Eerden BCJ. Zika virus alters osteogenic lineage progression of human mesenchymal stromal cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:379-392. [PMID: 36538650 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Arboviruses target bone forming osteoblasts and perturb bone remodeling via paracrine factors. We previously reported that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection of early-stage human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) inhibited the osteogenic lineage commitment of MSCs. To understand the physiological interplay between bone development and ZIKV pathogenesis, we employed a primary in vitro model to examine the biological responses of MSCs to ZIKV infection at different stages of osteogenesis. Precommitted MSCs were infected at the late stage of osteogenic stimulation (Day 7) with ZIKV (multiplicity of infection of 5). We observe that MSCs infected at the late stage of differentiation are highly susceptible to ZIKV infection similar to previous observations with early stage infected MSCs (Day 0). However, in contrast to ZIKV infection at the early stage of differentiation, infection at a later stage significantly elevates the key osteogenic markers and calcium content. Comparative RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of early and late stage infected MSCs reveals that ZIKV infection alters the mRNA transcriptome during osteogenic induction of MSCs (1251 genes). ZIKV infection provokes a robust antiviral response at both stages of osteogenic differentiation as reflected by the upregulation of interferon responsive genes (n > 140). ZIKV infection enhances the expression of immune-related genes in early stage MSCs while increasing cell cycle genes in late stage MSCs. Remarkably, ZIKA infection in early stage MSCs also activates lipid metabolism-related pathways. In conclusion, ZIKV infection has differentiation stage-dependent effects on MSCs and this mechanistic understanding may permit the development of new therapeutic or preventative measures for bone-related effects of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Mumtaz
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Asha Nair
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marijke Koedam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes P T M van Leeuwen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marion P G Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Bram C J van der Eerden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Guo X, Liu C, Zhang Y, Bi L. Effect of super activated platelet lysate on cell proliferation, repair and osteogenesis. Biomed Mater Eng 2023; 34:95-109. [PMID: 36120761 DOI: 10.3233/bme-221426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet lysate (PL) is considered as an alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) and facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore whether super activated platelet lysate (sPL), a novel autologous platelet lysate, has the ability to inhibit inflammation and promote cell proliferation, repair and osteogenesis as a culture medium. METHODS Different concentrations of sPL on human fetal osteoblastic 1.19 cell line (hFOB1.19) proliferation and apoptotic repair were investigated; And detected proliferative capacity, inflammatory factor expressions and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) stimulated by LPS under 10% FBS and 5% sPL mediums. RESULTS sPL promoted hFOB1.19 proliferation and had repairing effects on apoptotic cells. No significant difference in proliferation and IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α expressions of hDPCs in FBS and sPL medium stimulated by LPS. hDPCs in sPL osteogenic medium had higher osteogenic-related factor expressions and ALP activity. LPS promoted osteogenic-related factor expressions and ALP activity of hDPCs in FBS osteogenic medium, but opposite effect showed in sPL medium. CONCLUSION sPL promoted osteoblast proliferation and had restorative effects. Under LPS stimulation, sPL did not promote hDPCs proliferation or inhibit inflammation. sPL promotes osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunxiang Liu
- National and Local Joint Stem Cell Research, Engineering Center for Aging Diseases, Tian Qing Stem Cell Co., Ltd., Harbin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National and Local Joint Stem Cell Research, Engineering Center for Aging Diseases, Tian Qing Stem Cell Co., Ltd., Harbin, China
| | - Liangjia Bi
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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7
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Erhardt S, Wang J. Cardiac Neural Crest and Cardiac Regeneration. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010111. [PMID: 36611905 PMCID: PMC9818523 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) are a vertebrate-specific, multipotent stem cell population that have the ability to migrate and differentiate into various cell populations throughout the embryo during embryogenesis. The heart is a muscular and complex organ whose primary function is to pump blood and nutrients throughout the body. Mammalian hearts, such as those of humans, lose their regenerative ability shortly after birth. However, a few vertebrate species, such as zebrafish, have the ability to self-repair/regenerate after cardiac damage. Recent research has discovered the potential functional ability and contribution of cardiac NCCs to cardiac regeneration through the use of various vertebrate species and pluripotent stem cell-derived NCCs. Here, we review the neural crest's regenerative capacity in various tissues and organs, and in particular, we summarize the characteristics of cardiac NCCs between species and their roles in cardiac regeneration. We further discuss emerging and future work to determine the potential contributions of NCCs for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence:
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8
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Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells improve movement disorders and tyrosine hydroxylase neuronal damage in Parkinson disease rats. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:1105-1120. [PMID: 35973920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) demonstrate high proliferation, trilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory properties. Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common type of neurodegenerative disease. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of GMSC-based therapy in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced PD rats. METHODS RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomics technology was used to validate the neuroprotective role of GMSCs therapeutic in 6-Hydroxydopamine -induced PD model in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting, immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative PCR verified the molecular mechanism of GMSCs treatment. RESULTS Intravenous injection of GMSCs improved rotation and forelimb misalignment behavior, enhanced the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2/B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X axis, protected tyrosine hydroxylase neurons, decreased the activation of astrocytes and reduced the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein and microglia marker ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 in the substantia nigra and striatum of PD rats. The authors found that GMSCs upregulated nerve regeneration-related molecules and inhibited metabolic disorders and the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. GMSCs showed a strong ability to protect neurons and reduce mitochondrial membrane potential damage and reactive oxygen species accumulation. The safety of GMSC transplantation was confirmed by the lack of tumor formation following subcutaneous transplantation into nude mice for up to 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The authors' research helps to explain the mechanism of GMSC-based therapeutic strategies and promote potential clinical application in Parkinson disease.
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Cheng Y, Du Y, Zhang X, Zhang P, Liu Y. Conditional knockout of Cdc20 attenuates osteogenesis in craniofacial bones. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101829. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Guo S, Gu J, Ma J, Xu R, Wu Q, Meng L, Liu H, Li L, Xu Y. GATA4-driven miR-206-3p signatures control orofacial bone development by regulating osteogenic and osteoclastic activity. Theranostics 2021; 11:8379-8395. [PMID: 34373748 PMCID: PMC8344011 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth disorders in the orofacial bone development process may lead to orofacial deformities. The balance between bone matrix formation by mesenchymal lineage osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts is vital for orofacial bone development. Although the mechanisms of orofacial mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) in orofacial bone development have been studied intensively, the communication between OMSCs and osteoclasts remains largely unclear. Methods: We used a neural crest cell-specific knockout mouse model to investigate orofacial bone development in GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4) morphants. We investigated the underlying mechanisms of OMSCs-derived exosomes (OMExos) on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activity in vitro. miRNAs were extracted from OMExos, and differences in miRNA abundances were determined using an Affymetrix miRNA array. Luciferase reporter assays were used to validate the binding between GATA4 and miR-206-3p in OMSCs and to confirm the putative binding of miR-206-3p and its target genes in OMSCs and osteoclasts. The regulatory mechanism of the GATA4-miR-206-3p axis in OMSC osteogenic differentiation and osteoclastogenesis was examined in vitro and in vivo. Results: Wnt1-Cre;Gata4fl/fl mice (cKO) not only presented inhibited bone formation but also showed active bone resorption. Osteoclasts cocultured in vitro with cKO OMSCs presented an increased capacity for osteoclastogenesis, which was exosome-dependent. Affymetrix miRNA array analysis showed that miR-206-3p was downregulated in exosomes from shGATA4 OMSCs. Moreover, the transcriptional activity of miR-206-3p was directly regulated by GATA4 in OMSCs. We further demonstrated that miR-206-3p played a key role in the regulation of orofacial bone development by directly targeting bone morphogenetic protein-3 (Bmp3) and nuclear factor of activated T -cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1). OMExos and agomiR-206-3p enhanced bone mass in Wnt1-cre;Gata4fl/fl mice by augmenting trabecular bone structure and decreasing osteoclast numbers. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that miR-206-3p is an important downstream factor of GATA4 that regulates the functions of OMSCs and osteoclasts. These results demonstrate the efficiency of OMExos and microRNA agomirs in promoting bone regeneration, which provide an ideal therapeutic tool for orofacial bone deformities in the future.
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Johnson ZM, Yuan Y, Li X, Jashashvili T, Jamieson M, Urata M, Chen Y, Chai Y. Mesenchymal stem cells and three-dimensional-osteoconductive scaffold regenerate calvarial bone in critical size defects in swine. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1170-1183. [PMID: 33794062 PMCID: PMC8284781 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial bones protect vital organs, perform important physiological functions, and shape facial identity. Critical‐size defects (CSDs) in calvarial bones, which will not heal spontaneously, are caused by trauma, congenital defects, or tumor resections. They pose a great challenge for patients and physicians, and significantly compromise quality of life. Currently, calvarial CSDs are treated either by allogenic or autologous grafts, metal or other synthetic plates that are associated with considerable complications. While previous studies have explored tissue regeneration for calvarial defects, most have been done in small animal models with limited translational value. Here we define a swine calvarial CSD model and show a novel approach to regenerate high‐quality bone in these defects by combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed osteoconductive HA/TCP scaffold. Specifically, we have compared the performance of dental pulp neural crest MSCs (DPNCCs) to bone marrow aspirate (BMA) combined with a 3D‐printed HA/TCP scaffold to regenerate bone in a calvarial CSD (>7.0 cm2). Both DPNCCs and BMA loaded onto the 3D‐printed osteoconductive scaffold support the regeneration of calvarial bone with density, compression strength, and trabecular structures similar to native bone. Our study demonstrates a novel application of an original scaffold design combined with DPNCCs or BMA to support regeneration of high‐quality bone in a newly defined and clinically relevant swine calvarial CSD model. This discovery may have important impact on bone regeneration beyond the craniofacial region and will ultimately benefit patients who suffer from debilitating CSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe M Johnson
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiangjia Li
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tea Jashashvili
- Molecular Imaging Core, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Mark Urata
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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12
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Yoshida H, Suzawa T, Shibata Y, Takahashi M, Kawai R, Takami M, Maki K, Kamijo R. Neural crest-derived cells in nasal conchae of adult mice contribute to bone regeneration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 554:173-178. [PMID: 33798944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neural crest-derived cells (NCDCs), a class of adult stem cells not restricted to embryonic tissues, are attractive tissue regenerative therapy candidates because of their ease of isolation, self-renewing properties, and multipotency. Although adult NCDCs can undergo osteogenic differentiation in vitro, whether they induce bone formation in vivo remains unclear. Previously, our group reported findings showing high amounts of NCDCs scattered throughout nasal concha tissues of adult mice. In the present study, NCDCs in nasal conchae labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were collected from adult P0-Cre/CAG-CAT-EGFP double transgenic mice, then cultured in serum-free medium to increase the number. Subsequently, NCDCs were harvested and suspended in type I atelocollagen gel, then an atelocollagen sponge was used as a scaffold for the cell suspension. Atelocollagen scaffolds with NCDCs were placed on bone defects created in a mouse calvarial bone defect model. Over the ensuing 12 weeks, micro-CT and histological analysis findings showed that mice with scaffolds containing NCDCs had slightly greater bone formation as compared to those with a scaffold alone. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy revealed spectral properties of bone in mice that received scaffolds with NCDCs similar to those of native calvarial bone. Bone regeneration is important not only for gaining bone mass but also chemical properties. These results are the first to show the validity of biomolecule-free adult nasal concha-derived NCDCs for bone regeneration, including the chemical properties of regenerated bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Suzawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yo Shibata
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Engineering, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Kawai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Yang J, Kitami M, Pan H, Nakamura MT, Zhang H, Liu F, Zhu L, Komatsu Y, Mishina Y. Augmented BMP signaling commits cranial neural crest cells to a chondrogenic fate by suppressing autophagic β-catenin degradation. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/665/eaaz9368. [PMID: 33436499 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaz9368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) are a population of multipotent stem cells that give rise to craniofacial bone and cartilage during development. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and autophagy have been individually implicated in stem cell homeostasis. Mutations that cause constitutive activation of the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 cause the congenital disorder fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), which is characterized by ectopic cartilage and bone in connective tissues in the trunk and sometimes includes ectopic craniofacial bones. Here, we showed that enhanced BMP signaling through the constitutively activated ACVR1 (ca-ACVR1) in CNCCs in mice induced ectopic cartilage formation in the craniofacial region through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Enhanced BMP signaling suppressed autophagy by activating mTORC1, thus blocking the autophagic degradation of β-catenin, which, in turn, caused CNCCs to adopt a chondrogenic identity. Transient blockade of mTORC1, reactivation of autophagy, or suppression of Wnt-β-catenin signaling reduced ectopic cartilages in ca-Acvr1 mutants. Our results suggest that BMP signaling and autophagy coordinately regulate β-catenin activity to direct the fate of CNCCs during craniofacial development. These findings may also explain why some patients with FOP develop ectopic bones through endochondral ossification in craniofacial regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.,Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Megumi Kitami
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Graduate Program in Genes and Development, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haichun Pan
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Masako Toda Nakamura
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lingxin Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. .,Graduate Program in Genes and Development, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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14
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Alipour M, Firouzi N, Aghazadeh Z, Samiei M, Montazersaheb S, Khoshfetrat AB, Aghazadeh M. The osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in alginate-gelatin/Nano-hydroxyapatite microcapsules. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33430842 PMCID: PMC7802203 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microcapsule is considered as a promising 3D microenvironment for Bone Tissue Engineering (BTE) applications. Microencapsulation of cells in an appropriate scaffold not only protected the cells against excess stress but also promoted cell proliferation and differentiation. Through the current study, we aimed to microcapsulate the human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) and evaluated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of those cells by using MTT assay, qRT-PCR, Alkaline phosphatase, and Alizarine Red S. Results The SEM results revealed that Alg/Gel microcapsules containing nHA showed a rough and more compact surface morphology in comparison with the Alg/Gel microcapsules. Moreover, the microencapsulation by Alg/Gel/nHA could improve cell proliferation and induce osteogenic differentiation. The cells cultured in the Alg/Gel and Alg/Gel/nHA microcapsules showed 1.4-fold and 1.7-fold activity of BMP-2 gene expression more in comparison with the control group after 21 days. The mentioned amounts for the BMP-2 gene were 2.5-fold and 4-fold more expression for the Alg/Gel and Alg/Gel/nHA microcapsules after 28 days. The nHA, addition to hDPSCs-laden Alg/Gel microcapsule, could up-regulate the bone-related gene expressions of osteocalcin, osteonectin, and RUNX-2 during the 21 and 28 days through the culturing period, too. Calcium deposition and ALP activities of the cells were observed in accordance with the proliferation results as well as the gene expression analysis. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that microencapsulation of the hDPSCs inside the Alg/Gel/nHA hydrogel could be a potential approach for regenerative dentistry in the near future. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Alipour
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Firouzi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center and Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samiei
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Baradar Khoshfetrat
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center and Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Ko FC, Sumner DR. How faithfully does intramembranous bone regeneration recapitulate embryonic skeletal development? Dev Dyn 2020; 250:377-392. [PMID: 32813296 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Postnatal intramembranous bone regeneration plays an important role during a wide variety of musculoskeletal regeneration processes such as fracture healing, joint replacement and dental implant surgery, distraction osteogenesis, stress fracture healing, and repair of skeletal defects caused by trauma or resection of tumors. The molecular basis of intramembranous bone regeneration has been interrogated using rodent models of most of these conditions. These studies reveal that signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGFβ/BMP, FGF, VEGF, and Notch are invoked, reminiscent of embryonic development of membranous bone. Discoveries of several skeletal stem cell/progenitor populations using mouse genetic models also reveal the potential sources of postnatal intramembranous bone regeneration. The purpose of this review is to compare the underlying molecular signals and progenitor cells that characterize embryonic development of membranous bone and postnatal intramembranous bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Ko
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - D Rick Sumner
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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16
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Miller MQ, McColl LF, Arul MR, Nip J, Madhu V, Beck G, Mathur K, Sahadeo V, Kerrigan JR, Park SS, Christophel JJ, Dighe AS, Kumbar SG, Cui Q. Assessment of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Activation for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration in a Critical-Sized Rat Mandibular Defect. JAMA FACIAL PLAST SU 2020; 21:110-117. [PMID: 30520953 DOI: 10.1001/jamafacial.2018.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Importance Osseous craniofacial defects are currently reconstructed with bone grafting, rigid fixation, free tissue transfer, and/or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2. Although these treatment options often have good outcomes, they are associated with substantial morbidity, and many patients are not candidates for free tissue transfer. Objective To assess whether polysaccharide-based scaffold (PS) constructs that are cross-linked with smoothened agonist (SAG), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) would substantially increase bone regeneration. Design, Setting, and Participants This animal model study was conducted at the University of Virginia School of Medicine Cui Laboratory from March 1, 2017, to June 30, 2017. Thirty-three 10-week-old female Lewis rats were acquired for the study. Bilateral nonsegmental critical-sized defects were created in the angle of rat mandibles. The defects were either left untreated or filled with 1 of the 9 PSs. The rats were killed after 8 weeks, and bone regeneration was evaluated using microcomputed tomographic imaging and mechanical testing. Analysis of variance testing was used to compare the treatment groups. Main Outcomes and Measures Blinded analysis and computer analysis of the microcomputed tomographic images were used to assess bone regeneration. Results In the 33 female Lewis rats, minimal healing was observed in the untreated mandibles. Addition of SAG was associated with increases in bone regeneration and bone density in all treatment groups, and maximum bone healing was seen in the group with BMP-6, VEGF, and SAG cross-linked to PS. For each of the 5 no scaffold group vs BMP-6, VEGF, and SAG cross-linked to PS group comparisons, mean defect bone regeneration was 4.14% (95% CI, 0.94%-7.33%) vs 66.19% (95% CI, 54.47%-77.90%); mean bone volume, 14.52 mm3 (95% CI, 13.07-15.97 mm3) vs 20.87 mm3 (95% CI, 14.73- 27.01 mm3); mean bone surface, 68.97 mm2 (95% CI, 60.08-77.85 mm2) vs 96.77 mm2 (95% CI, 76.11-117.43 mm2); mean ratio of bone volume to total volume, 0.11 (95% CI, 0.10-0.11) vs 0.15 (95% CI, 0.10-0.19); and mean connectivity density 0.03 (95% CI, 0.02-0.05) vs 0.32 (95% CI, 0.25-0.38). On mechanical testing, mandibles with untreated defects broke with less force than control mandibles in which no defect was made, although this force did not reach statistical significance. No significant difference in force to fracture was observed among the treatment groups. Conclusions and Relevance In this rat model study, activation of the hedgehog signaling pathway using smoothened agonist was associated with increased craniofacial bone regeneration compared with growth factors alone, including US Food and Drug Administration-approved recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2. Pharmaceuticals that target this pathway may offer a new reconstructive option for bony craniofacial defects as well as nonunion and delayed healing fractures. Level of Evidence NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Q Miller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Logan F McColl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Michael R Arul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington
| | - Jonathan Nip
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington
| | - Vedavathi Madhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Gina Beck
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Kishan Mathur
- Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Vashaana Sahadeo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Jason R Kerrigan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville.,Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Stephen S Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | | | - Abhijit S Dighe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Sangamesh G Kumbar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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17
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Brăescu R, Săvinescu SD, Tatarciuc MS, Zetu IN, Giuşcă SE, Căruntu ID. Pointing on the early stages of maxillary bone and tooth development - histological findings. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2020; 61:167-174. [PMID: 32747908 PMCID: PMC7728135 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the morphological stages of tooth development, in parallel with maxillary bone construction, are known for decades, the intimate mechanisms of early development of the oral cavity structures and tooth's proper and associated tissues are still incompletely elucidated. Nowadays, the research in embryology was shifted from the morphological to the molecular and genetic approach. This new approach is accomplished by using in vivo and in vitro experimental studies performed on animal models and cell lines. The interest in the knowledge of these events at gene and molecular level is still current, aiming to sustain the progress in the endorsement of novel regenerative and restorative therapies. However, the morphological standpoint maintains its interest, because the extrapolation of the results of experimental studies in humans requires a strong confirmation. Within this context, our work aims to analyze the histological characteristics of the maxillary bone and integrated tooth germs during the early stages of embryonic development. The study group consisted in mandible fragments obtained by dissection of the cephalic extremities collected from fetuses aged from 10 to 24 weeks, after medical or spontaneous abortions. The tissue specimens were processed for the histological exam. The histoarchitectonic traits of the initial stages of mandibular bone tissue and tooth development were assessed. The results revealed the dynamics of the ossification stages, from stages of early-dispersed intramembranous ossification to the organization of the dental alveoli, incorporated step-by-step in the maxillary body, and the simultaneous presence of tooth germs with different sizes and shapes, in accordance with the development stage. Our study complements the existing data regarding the embryonic period, bringing an important contribution for the enlargement of existing morphological, visual information for maxillary bone and tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Brăescu
- Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I - Pathology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania; ,
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18
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3D printing of hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate scaffold with hierarchical porous structure for bone regeneration. Biodes Manuf 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-019-00056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Assiry AA, Albalawi AM, Zafar MS, Khan SD, Ullah A, Almatrafi A, Ramzan K, Basit S. KMT2C, a histone methyltransferase, is mutated in a family segregating non-syndromic primary failure of tooth eruption. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16469. [PMID: 31712638 PMCID: PMC6848163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary failure of tooth eruption (PFE) is a rare odontogenic defect and is characterized by failure of eruption of one or more permanent teeth. The aim of the study is to identify the genetic defect in a family with seven affected individuals segregating autosomal dominant non-syndromic PFE. Whole genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was performed. SNP genotypes were analysed by DominantMapper and multiple shared haplotypes were detected on different chromosomes. Four individuals, including three affected, were exome sequenced. Variants were annotated and data were analysed while considering candidate chromosomal regions. Initial analysis of variants obtained by whole exome sequencing identified damaging variants in C15orf40, EPB41L4A, TMEM232, KMT2C, and FBXW10 genes. Sanger sequencing of all family members confirmed segregation of splice acceptor site variant (c.1013-2 A > G) in the KMT2C gene with the phenotype. KMT2C is considered as a potential candidate gene based on segregation analysis, the absence of variant in the variation databases, the presence of variant in the shared identical by descent (IBD) region and in silico pathogenicity prediction. KMT2C is a histone methyltransferase and recently the role of another member of this family (KMT2D) has been implicated in tooth development. Moreover, protein structures of KMT2C and KMT2D are highly similar. In conclusion, we have identified that the KMT2C gene mutation causes familial non-syndromic PFE. These findings suggest the involvement of KMT2C in the physiological eruption of permanent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Assiry
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia M Albalawi
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Siraj D Khan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anhar Ullah
- Cardiac Sciences department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Almatrafi
- College of Science, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khushnooda Ramzan
- Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulman Basit
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Upadhyay P, Blaggana V, Tripathi P, Jindal M. Treatment of Furcation Involvement Using Autogenous Tooth Graft With 1-Year Follow-Up: A Case Series. Clin Adv Periodontics 2019; 9:4-8. [PMID: 31490032 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to clinically evaluate an autogenous tooth graft (ATG) as a novel bone graft material in the treatment of Class II furcation defects. ATG is prepared at chairside from a freshly extracted tooth to be used immediately for bone regeneration. It has an advantage over the autogenous and other bone graft materials as it is non-immunogenic, inexpensive, easily available, and lacks donor-site morbidity. CASE PRESENTATION This study was conducted on three middle-aged (35 to 55 years) male patients, who had at least one mandibular molar with Class II furcation involvement (a total of 5 sites) and one tooth that required extraction because of poor prognosis and was not endodontically treated. At 9 and 12 months, the mean reductions in horizontal probing depth were (1.40 ± 0.57 mm) and (1.52 ± 0.59 mm), respectively, and the mean gains in linear bone-fill were (3.90 ± 0.15 mm) and (5.33 ± 0.10 mm), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitation of this study, ATG exhibited ideal properties for alveolar bone regeneration. In addition, this study outlines the chairside method to prepare a graft and highlights the improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters at 9 and 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Upadhyay
- Department of Periodontology, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Sahibabad, India
| | - Vikram Blaggana
- Department of Periodontology, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Sahibabad, India
| | - Pragya Tripathi
- Department of Periodontology, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Sahibabad, India
| | - Manika Jindal
- Department of Periodontology, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Sahibabad, India
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21
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Guo W, Fan Z, Wang S, Du J. ALK5 is essential for tooth germ differentiation during tooth development. Biotech Histochem 2019; 94:481-490. [PMID: 31144525 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1552018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The TGFβ superfamily of proteins participates in tooth development. TGFβ1 and TGFβ3 regulate odontoblast differentiation and dentin extracellular matrix synthesis. Although the expression of TGFβ family member ligands is well-characterized during mammalian tooth development, less is known about the TGFβ receptor, which is a heteromeric complex consisting of a type I and type II receptors. The molecular mechanism of ALK5 (TGFβR1) in the dental mesenchyme is not clear. We investigated the role of ALK5 in tooth germ mesenchymal cells (TGMCs) from the lower first molar tooth germs of day 15.5 embryonic mice. Human recombinant TGFβ3 protein or an ALK5 inhibitor (SD208) was added to the cells. Cell proliferation was inhibited by SD208 and promoted by TGFβ3. We found that SD208 inhibited TGMCs osteogenesis and dentinogenesis. Both canonical and noncanonical TGFβ signaling pathways participated in the process. TAK1, P-TAK1, p38 and P-p38 showed greater expression and SMAD4 showed less expression when ALK5 was inhibited. Our findings contribute to understanding the role of TGFβ signaling for the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental germ and suggest possible targets for optimizing the use of stem cells of dental origin for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing , China
| | - Z Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing , China
| | - S Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing , China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - J Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing , China
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22
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Comparative Analysis of Biological Properties of Large-Scale Expanded Adult Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Human Hair Follicle and Skin Dermis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9640790. [PMID: 30915126 PMCID: PMC6399535 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9640790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) have significant perspectives for use in regenerative medicine. The most attractive sources for adult NCSC isolation are the hair follicles (HF) and skin dermis (SD) because of easy access and minimally invasive biopsy. The aim of this study was to compare the biological properties of HF- and SD-derived NCSCs after their large-scale expansion. Methods The conventional explant method was used to obtain HF NCSCs. For the isolation of SD NCSCs, a new combined technique consisting of preplating and subsequent culturing in 3D blood plasma-derived fibrin hydrogel was applied. The studied cells were characterized by flow cytometry, ICC, qPCR, Bio-Plex multiplex assay, and directed multilineage differentiation assays. Results We have obtained both adult SD and HF NCSCs from each skin sample (n = 5). Adult SD and HF NCSCs were positive for key neural crest markers: SOX10, P75 (CD271), NESTIN, SOX2, and CD349. SD NCSCs showed a higher growth rate during the large-scale expansion compared to HF NCSCs (p < 0.01). Final population of SD NCSCs also contained more clonogenic cells (p < 0.01) and SOX10+, CD271+, CD105+, CD140a+, CD146+, CD349+ cells (p < 0.01). Both HF and SD NCSCs had similar gene expression profiling and produced growth factors, but some quantitative differences were detected. Adult HF and SD NCSCs were able to undergo directed differentiation into neurons, Schwann cells, adipocytes, and osteoblasts. Conclusion The HF and SD are suitable sources for large-scale manufacturing of adult NCSCs with similar biological properties. We demonstrated that the NCSC population from SD was homogenous and displayed significantly higher growth rate than HF NCSCs. Moreover, SD NCSC isolation is cheaper, easier, and minimally time-consuming method.
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23
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Abstract
Jaw bones and teeth originate from the first pharyngeal arch and develop in closely related ways. Reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required for the early patterning and morphogenesis of both tissues. Here we review the cellular contribution during the development of the jaw bones and teeth. We also highlight signaling networks as well as transcription factors mediating tissue-tissue interactions that are essential for jaw bone and tooth development. Finally, we discuss the potential for stem cell mediated regenerative therapies to mitigate disorders and injuries that affect these organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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24
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Wein M, Huelter-Hassler D, Nelson K, Fretwurst T, Nahles S, Finkenzeller G, Altmann B, Steinberg T. Differential osteopontin expression in human osteoblasts derived from iliac crest and alveolar bone and its role in early stages of angiogenesis. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:105-117. [PMID: 29327303 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-017-0900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, we revealed significant differences of osteopontin (OPN) gene expression in primary human osteoblasts (HOBs) derived from iliac crest bone (iHOBs) and alveolar bone (aHOBs). The present study aims at assigning this discriminative expression to a possible biologic function. OPN is known to be involved in several pathologic and physiologic processes, among others angiogenesis. Therefore, we studied the reaction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to HOB-derived OPN regarding angiogenesis. To this end, human primary explant cultures of both bone entities from ten donors were established. Subsequent transcription analysis detected higher gene expression of OPN in iHOBs compared to aHOBs, thereby confirming the results of our previous study. This difference was particularly apparent when cultures were derived from female donors. Hence, OPN protein expression as well as the angiogenic potential of OPN was analyzed, originating from HOBs of one female donor. In accordance to the gene expression level, secreted OPN was more abundant in the supernatant of iHOBs than in aHOBs. Moreover, secreted OPN was found to stimulate migration of HUVECs, but not proliferation or tube formation. These results indicate an involvement in very early stages of angiogenesis and a functional distinction of OPN from HOBs derived from different bone entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wein
- Department of Oral Biotechnology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Diana Huelter-Hassler
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Fretwurst
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Nahles
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guenter Finkenzeller
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Altmann
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Department of Oral Biotechnology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Stem Cells in Dentistry: Types of Intra- and Extraoral Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Clinical Applications. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4313610. [PMID: 30057624 PMCID: PMC6051054 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4313610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, capable of renewing themselves, with the capacity to produce different cell types to regenerate missing tissues and treat diseases. Oral facial tissues have been identified as a source and therapeutic target for stem cells with clinical interest in dentistry. This narrative review report targets on the several extraoral- and intraoral-derived stem cells that can be applied in dentistry. In addition, stem cell origins are suggested in what concerns their ability to differentiate as well as their particular distinguishing quality of convenience and immunomodulatory for regenerative dentistry. The development of bioengineered teeth to replace the patient's missing teeth was also possible because of stem cell technologies. This review will also focus our attention on the clinical application of stem cells in dentistry. In recent years, a variety of articles reported the advantages of stem cell-based procedures in regenerative treatments. The regeneration of lost oral tissue is the target of stem cell research. Owing to the fact that bone imperfections that ensue after tooth loss can result in further bone loss which limit the success of dental implants and prosthodontic therapies, the rehabilitation of alveolar ridge height is prosthodontists' principal interest. The development of bioengineered teeth to replace the patient's missing teeth was also possible because of stem cell technologies. In addition, a “dental stem cell banking” is available for regenerative treatments in the future. The main features of stem cells in the future of dentistry should be understood by clinicians.
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PD-1 is required to maintain stem cell properties in human dental pulp stem cells. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1350-1360. [PMID: 29472716 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) belongs to an inhibitory signaling pathway capable of maintaining central and peripheral immune tolerance. Blockage of PD-1 has been identified as a promising immunotherapeutic approach for cancer and chronic infectious diseases. However, it is unknown whether PD-1 pathway regulates stem cell function. It is generally believed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) produce PD-1 ligand, but fail to express PD-1. In this study, we show that neural crest-derived MSCs from dental pulp (MSC-DP), but not MSCs from bone marrow, expressed PD-1. Knocking down PD-1 expression in MSC-DP results in a significantly reduced capacity for cell proliferation and accelerated multipotential differentiation. Mechanistically, we show that PD-1 regulates a SHP2/ERK/Notch cascade to maintain proliferation and a SHP2/ERK/β-catenin cascade to inhibit osteo-/odontogenic differentiation. This study indicates that PD-1 is a key surface molecule controlling cell proliferation and multipotential differentiation of MSC-DP. Through regulating PD-1/SHP2/ERK signaling, we can significantly improve the quality and quantity of culture-expanded MSC-DP for potential clinical therapies.
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27
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Applying regenerative medicine techniques in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery: the bar has been set high. NPJ Regen Med 2018; 2:20. [PMID: 29302356 PMCID: PMC5677965 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-017-0025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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28
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Arpornmaeklong P, Pressler MJ. Effects of ß-TCP scaffolds on neurogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Ann Anat 2018; 215:52-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Ansari S, Chen C, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Yu B, Zadeh HH, Wu BM, Moshaverinia A. Hydrogel elasticity and microarchitecture regulate dental-derived mesenchymal stem cell-host immune system cross-talk. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:181-189. [PMID: 28711686 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The host immune system (T-lymphocytes and their pro-inflammatory cytokines) has been shown to compromise bone regeneration ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We have recently shown that hydrogel, used as an encapsulating biomaterial affects the cross-talk among host immune cells and MSCs. However, the role of hydrogel elasticity and porosity in regulation of cross-talk between dental-derived MSCs and immune cells is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the modulus of elasticity and porosity of the scaffold influence T-lymphocyte-dental MSC interplay by regulating the penetration of inflammatory T cells and their cytokines. Moreover, we demonstrated that alginate hydrogels with different elasticity and microporous structure can regulate the viability and determine the fate of the encapsulated MSCs through modulation of NF-kB pathway. Our in vivo data show that alginate hydrogels with smaller pores and higher elasticity could prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced MSC apoptosis by down-regulating the Caspase-3- and 8- associated proapoptotic cascades, leading to higher amounts of ectopic bone regeneration. Additionally, dental-derived MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel with higher elasticity exhibited lower expression levels of NF-kB p65 and Cox-2 in vivo. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the mechanical characteristics and microarchitecture of the microenvironment encapsulating MSCs, in addition to presence of T-lymphocytes and their pro-inflammatory cytokines, affect the fate of encapsulated dental-derived MSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we demonstrate that alginate hydrogel regulates the viability and the fate of the encapsulated dental-derived MSCs through modulation of NF-kB pathway. Alginate hydrogels with smaller pores and higher elasticity prevent pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced MSC apoptosis by down-regulating the Caspase-3- and 8- associated proapoptotic cascade, leading to higher amounts of ectopic bone regeneration. MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel with higher elasticity exhibited lower expression levels of NF-kB p65 and Cox-2 in vivo. These findings confirm that the fate of encapsulated MSCs are affected by the stiffness and microarchitecture of the encapsulating hydrogel biomaterial, as well as presence of T-lymphocytes/pro-inflammatory cytokines providing evidence concerning material science, stem cell biology, the molecular mechanism of dental-derived MSC-associated therapies, and the potential clinical therapeutic impact of MSCs.
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30
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Zhou Y, Zheng L, Li F, Wan M, Fan Y, Zhou X, Du W, Pi C, Cui D, Zhang B, Sun J, Zhou X. Bivalent Histone Codes on WNT5A during Odontogenic Differentiation. J Dent Res 2017; 97:99-107. [PMID: 28880717 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517728910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lineage-committed differentiation is an essential biological program during odontogenesis, which is tightly regulated by lineage-specific genes. Some of these genes are modified by colocalization of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 marks at promoter regions in progenitors. These modifications, named "bivalent domains," maintain genes in a poised state and then resolve for later activation or repression during differentiation. Wnt5a has been reported to promote odontogenic differentiation in dental mesenchyme. However, relatively little is known about the epigenetic modulations on Wnt5a activation during tooth development. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 marks in developing mouse molars. Associated H3K4me3 methylases (mixed-lineage leukemia [MLL] complex) and H3K27me3 demethylases (JMJD3 and UTX) were dynamically expressed between early and late bell stage of human tooth germs and in cultured human dental papilla cells (hDPCs) during odontogenic induction. Poised WNT5A gene was marked by bivalent domains containing repressive marks (H3K27me3) and active marks (H3K4me3) on promoters. The bivalent domains tended to resolve during inducted differentiation, with removal of the H3K27me3 mark in a JMJD3-dependent manner. When JMJD3 was knocked down in cultured hDPCs, odontogenic differentiation was suppressed. The depletion of JMJD3 epigenetically repressed WNT5A activation by increased H3K27me3 marks. In addition, JMJD3 could physically interact with ASH2L, a component of the MLL complex, to form a coactivator complex, cooperatively modulating H3K4me3 marks on WNT5A promoters. Overall, our study reveals that transcription activities of WNT5A were epigenetically regulated by the negotiated balance between H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 marks and tightly mediated by JMJD3 and MLL coactivator complex, ultimately modulating odontogenic commitment during dental mesenchymal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Zheng
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - F Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Wan
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Fan
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Du
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - C Pi
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - D Cui
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - B Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Sun
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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31
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Shakoori P, Zhang Q, Le AD. Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Oral and Craniofacial Regeneration. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2017; 29:19-25. [PMID: 27890225 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been rapidly expanded through multidisciplinary integration of research and clinical practice in response to unmet clinical needs for reconstruction of dental, oral, and craniofacial structures. The significance of the various types of stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem cells derived from the orofacial tissues, ranging from dental pulp stem cells to periodontal ligament stem cells to mucosa/gingiva has been thoroughly investigated and their applications in tissue regeneration are outlined in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasha Shakoori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6030, USA
| | - Quanzhou Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6030, USA
| | - Anh D Le
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6030, USA.
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32
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Feng J, Jing J, Li J, Zhao H, Punj V, Zhang T, Xu J, Chai Y. BMP signaling orchestrates a transcriptional network to control the fate of mesenchymal stem cells in mice. Development 2017; 144:2560-2569. [PMID: 28576771 DOI: 10.1242/dev.150136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Signaling pathways are used reiteratively in different developmental processes yet produce distinct cell fates through specific downstream transcription factors. In this study, we used tooth root development as a model with which to investigate how the BMP signaling pathway regulates transcriptional complexes to direct the fate determination of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We first identified the MSC population supporting mouse molar root growth as Gli1+ cells. Using a Gli1-driven Cre-mediated recombination system, our results provide the first in vivo evidence that BMP signaling activity is required for the odontogenic differentiation of MSCs. Specifically, we identified the transcription factors Pax9, Klf4, Satb2 and Lhx8 as being downstream of BMP signaling and expressed in a spatially restricted pattern that is potentially involved in determining distinct cellular identities within the dental mesenchyme. Finally, we found that overactivation of one key transcription factor, Klf4, which is associated with the odontogenic region, promotes odontogenic differentiation of MSCs. Collectively, our results demonstrate the functional significance of BMP signaling in regulating MSC fate during root development and shed light on how BMP signaling can achieve functional specificity in regulating diverse organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Hu Zhao
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Vasu Punj
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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33
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Urano-Morisawa E, Takami M, Suzawa T, Matsumoto A, Osumi N, Baba K, Kamijo R. Induction of osteoblastic differentiation of neural crest-derived stem cells from hair follicles. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174940. [PMID: 28384239 PMCID: PMC5383073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) arises near the neural tube during embryo development. NC cells migrate throughout the embryo and have potential to differentiate into multiple cell types, such as peripheral nerves, glial, cardiac smooth muscle, endocrine, and pigment cells, and craniofacial bone. In the present study, we induced osteoblast-like cells using whisker follicles obtained from the NC of mice. Hair follicle cells derived from the NC labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were collected from protein zero-Cre/floxed-EGFP double transgenic mice and cultured, then treated and cultured in stem cell growth medium. After growth for 14 days, results of flow cytometry analysis showed that 95% of the EGFP-positive (EGFP+) hair follicle cells derived from the NC had proliferated and 76.2% of those expressed mesenchymal stem cells markers, such as platelet-derived growth factor α and stem cell antigen-1, and also showed constitutive expression of Runx2 mRNA. Cells stimulated with bone morphogenetic protein-2 expressed osteocalcin, osterix, and alkaline phosphatase mRNA, resulting in production of mineralized matrices, which were detected by von Kossa and alizarin red staining. Moreover, EGFP+ hair follicle cells consistently expressed macrophage colony-stimulating factor and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Addition of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] (10-8 M) to the cultures suppressed OPG expression and induced RANKL production in the cells. Furthermore, multinucleated osteoclasts appeared within 6 days after starting co-cultures of bone marrow cells with EGFP+ cells in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 and PGE2. These results suggest that NC-derived hair follicle cells possess a capacity for osteoblastic differentiation and may be useful for developing new bone regenerative medicine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Urano-Morisawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tetsuo Suzawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Matsumoto
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Osumi
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Baba
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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Um S, Lee H, Zhang Q, Kim HY, Lee JH, Seo BM. Valproic Acid Modulates the Multipotency in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells via p53-Mediated Cell Cycle. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:153-162. [PMID: 30603472 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cell, are a promising source for dental regeneration and are identified in human periodontal ligaments from extracted third molars. Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has been used as a wide-spectrum antiepileptic drug and a medication for mood disorders. VPA has shown several effects on increasing the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and controlling osteogenic differentiation, besides the prevention of seizures. However, its effect on proliferation and osteogenesis depends on the cell type and concentration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cyclic and constant VPA treatment on PDLSCs. Proliferation and apoptosis of PDLSCs were determined with cyclic and constant VPA treatment. In cemento/osteogenic differentiation, osteogenic markers decreased significantly after cyclic treatment with 0.5 mM VPA. In contrast, VPA enhanced osteogenic differentiation after constant treatment. With cyclic VPA treatment, p53 levels related to apoptotic pathway decreased to induce proliferation. These findings indicated that VPA has different roles in proliferation and differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro and in vivo via p53-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoun Um
- 1Department of Dental Science, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
- 5Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 07061 Korea
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- 3Department of Temporomandibular Joint Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182 China
| | - Hui Young Kim
- 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
- 5Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Lee
- 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
- 5Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Byoung Moo Seo
- 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
- 5Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Korea
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35
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Takara K, Maruo N, Oka K, Kaji C, Hatakeyama Y, Sawa N, Kato Y, Yamashita J, Kojima H, Sawa Y. Morphological study of tooth development in podoplanin-deficient mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171912. [PMID: 28222099 PMCID: PMC5319687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin is a mucin-type highly O-glycosylated glycoprotein identified in several somatyic cells: podocytes, alveolar epithelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, lymph node stromal fibroblastic reticular cells, osteocytes, odontoblasts, mesothelial cells, glia cells, and others. It has been reported that podoplanin-RhoA interaction induces cytoskeleton relaxation and cell process stretching in fibroblastic cells and osteocytes, and that podoplanin plays a critical role in type I alveolar cell differentiation. It appears that podoplanin plays a number of different roles in contributing to cell functioning and growth by signaling. However, little is known about the functions of podoplanin in the somatic cells of the adult organism because an absence of podoplanin is lethal at birth by the respiratory failure. In this report, we investigated the tooth germ development in podoplanin-knockout mice, and the dentin formation in podoplanin-conditional knockout mice having neural crest-derived cells with deficiency in podoplanin by the Wnt1 promoter and enhancer-driven Cre recombinase: Wnt1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δmice. In the Wnt1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δmice, the tooth and alveolar bone showed no morphological abnormalities and grow normally, indicating that podoplanin is not critical in the development of the tooth and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenyo Takara
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Maruo
- Department of Odontology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyoko Oka
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kaji
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Sawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Regional Innovation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junro Yamashita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kojima
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sawa
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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36
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Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: A Perspective from Stem Cell Niche Biology. J Endod 2017; 43:52-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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37
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Prondvai E. Medullary bone in fossils: function, evolution and significance in growth curve reconstructions of extinct vertebrates. J Evol Biol 2016; 30:440-460. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Prondvai
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
- MTA - ELTE Lendület Dinosaur Research Group; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
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38
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Niibe K, Zhang M, Nakazawa K, Morikawa S, Nakagawa T, Matsuzaki Y, Egusa H. The potential of enriched mesenchymal stem cells with neural crest cell phenotypes as a cell source for regenerative dentistry. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2016; 53:25-33. [PMID: 28479933 PMCID: PMC5405184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective regenerative treatments for periodontal tissue defects have recently been demonstrated using mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, current bioengineering techniques have enabled de novo fabrication of tooth-perio dental units in mice. These cutting-edge technologies are expected to address unmet needs within regenerative dentistry. However, to achieve efficient and stable treatment outcomes, preparation of an appropriate stem cell source is essential. Many researchers are investigating the use of adult stem cells for regenerative dentistry; bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) are particularly promising and presently used clinically. However, current BM-MSC isolation techniques result in a heterogeneous, non-reproducible cell population because of a lack of identified distinct BM-MSC surface markers. Recently, specific subsets of cell surface markers for BM-MSCs have been reported in mice (PDGFRα+ and Sca-1+) and humans (LNGFR+, THY-1+ and VCAM-1+), facilitating the isolation of unique enriched BM-MSCs (so-called “purified MSCs”). Notably, the enriched BM-MSC population contains neural crest-derived cells, which can differentiate into cells of neural crest- and mesenchymal lineages. In this review, characteristics of the enriched BM-MSCs are outlined with a focus on their potential application within future regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunimichi Niibe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Maolin Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakazawa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Morikawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Taneaki Nakagawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Cancer Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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39
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Jaroonwitchawan T, Muangchan P, Noisa P. Inhibition of FGF signaling accelerates neural crest cell differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 481:176-181. [PMID: 27816457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest (NC) is a transient population, arising during embryonic development and capable of differentiating into various somatic cells. The defects of neural crest development leads to neurocristopathy. Several signaling pathways were revealed their significance in NC cell specification. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is recognized as an important signaling during NC development, for instance Xenopus and avian; however, its contributions in human species are remained elusive. Here we used human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to investigate the consequences of FGF inhibition during NC cell differentiation. The specific-FGF receptor inhibitor, SU5402, was used in this investigation. The inhibition of FGF did not found to affect the proliferation or death of hPSC-derived NC cells, but promoted hPSCs to commit NC cell fate. NC-specific genes, including PAX3, SLUG, and TWIST1, were highly upregulated, while hPSC genes, such as OCT4, and E-CAD, rapidly reduced upon FGF signaling blockage. Noteworthy, TFAP-2α, a marker of migratory NC cells, abundantly presented in SU5402-induced cells. This accelerated NC cell differentiation could be due to the activation of Notch signaling upon the blockage of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, since NICD was increased by SU5402. Altogether, this study proposed the contributions of FGF signaling in controlling human NC cell differentiation from hPSCs, the crosstalk between FGF and Notch, and might imply to the influences of FGF signaling in neurocristophatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiranut Jaroonwitchawan
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Pattamon Muangchan
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
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40
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Lucaciu O, Crisan B, Crisan L, Baciut M, Soritau O, Bran S, Biris AR, Hurubeanu L, Hedesiu M, Vacaras S, Kretschmer W, Dirzu N, Campian RS, Baciut G. In quest of optimal drug-supported and targeted bone regeneration in the cranio facial area: a review of techniques and methods. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 47:455-69. [PMID: 26689239 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1124889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial bone structures are frequently and extensively affected by trauma, tumors, bone infections and diseases, age-related degeneration and atrophy, as well as congenital malformations and developmental anomalies. Consequently, severe encumbrances are imposed on both patients and healthcare systems due to the complex and lengthy treatment duration. The search for alternative methods to bone transplantation, grafting and the use of homologous or heterologous bone thus responds to one of the most significant problems in human medicine. This review focuses on the current consensus of bone-tissue engineering in the craniofacial area with emphasis on drug-induced stem cell differentiation and induced bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondine Lucaciu
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Bogdan Crisan
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Liana Crisan
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Mihaela Baciut
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Olga Soritau
- b "Ion Chiricuta" Oncological Institute , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Alexandru Radu Biris
- c National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Lucia Hurubeanu
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Mihaela Hedesiu
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Sergiu Vacaras
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | | | - Noemi Dirzu
- e Technical University of Cluj-Napoca , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Radu Septimiu Campian
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Grigore Baciut
- a Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology , "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
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41
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Liu JA, Cheung M. Neural crest stem cells and their potential therapeutic applications. Dev Biol 2016; 419:199-216. [PMID: 27640086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a remarkable transient structure generated during early vertebrate development. The neural crest progenitors have extensive migratory capacity and multipotency, harboring stem cell-like characteristics such as self-renewal. They can differentiate into a variety of cell types from craniofacial skeletal tissues to the trunk peripheral nervous system (PNS). Multiple regulators such as signaling factors, transcription factors, and migration machinery components are expressed at different stages of NC development. Gain- and loss-of-function studies in various vertebrate species revealed epistatic relationships of these molecules that could be assembled into a gene regulatory network defining the processes of NC induction, specification, migration, and differentiation. These basic developmental studies led to the subsequent establishment and molecular validation of neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) derived by various strategies. We provide here an overview of the isolation and characterization of NCSCs from embryonic, fetal, and adult tissues; the experimental strategies for the derivation of NCSCs from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and skin fibroblasts; and recent developments in the use of patient-derived NCSCs for modeling and treating neurocristopathies. We discuss future research on further refinement of the culture conditions required for the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into axial-specific NC progenitors and their derivatives, developing non-viral approaches for the generation of induced NC cells (NCCs), and using a genomic editing approach to correct genetic mutations in patient-derived NCSCs for transplantation therapy. These future endeavors should facilitate the therapeutic applications of NCSCs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Aijia Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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42
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Mandalos NP, Remboutsika E. Sox2: To crest or not to crest? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:43-49. [PMID: 27592260 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Precise control of neural progenitor transformation into neural crest stem cells ensures proper craniofacial and head development. In the neural progenitor pool, SoxB factors play an essential role as cell fate determinants of neural development, whereas during neural crest stem cell formation, Sox2 plays a predominant role as a guardian of the developmental clock that ensures precision of cell flow in the developing head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Panagiotis Mandalos
- National University of Athens Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 115 27, Athens, Greece; Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", 34 Fleming Str., 16672 Vari-Attica, Greece; Adjunct Faculty, The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Basic Sciences Division, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 855 North Wolfe Str., Suite 300, 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eumorphia Remboutsika
- National University of Athens Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 115 27, Athens, Greece; Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", 34 Fleming Str., 16672 Vari-Attica, Greece; Adjunct Faculty, The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Basic Sciences Division, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 855 North Wolfe Str., Suite 300, 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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43
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Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Skeletal Research. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:2849879. [PMID: 27006661 PMCID: PMC4783549 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2849879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial skeletal tissues are composed of tooth and bone, together with nerves and blood vessels. This composite material is mainly derived from neural crest cells (NCCs). The neural crest is transient embryonic tissue present during neural tube formation whose cells have high potential for migration and differentiation. Thus, NCCs are promising candidates for craniofacial tissue regeneration; however, the clinical application of NCCs is hindered by their limited accessibility. In contrast, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are easily accessible in adults, have similar potential for self-renewal, and can differentiate into skeletal tissues, including bones and cartilage. Therefore, MSCs may represent good sources of stem cells for clinical use. MSCs are classically identified under adherent culture conditions, leading to contamination with other cell lineages. Previous studies have identified mouse- and human-specific MSC subsets using cell surface markers. Additionally, some studies have shown that a subset of MSCs is closely related to neural crest derivatives and endothelial cells. These MSCs may be promising candidates for regeneration of craniofacial tissues from the perspective of developmental fate. Here, we review the fundamental biology of MSCs in craniofacial research.
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44
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Kitami M, Kaku M, Rocabado JMR, Ida T, Akiba N, Uoshima K. Prolonged Survival of Transplanted Osteoblastic Cells Does Not Directly Accelerate the Healing of Calvarial Bone Defects. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:1974-82. [PMID: 26754153 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Considering the increased interest in cell-based bone regeneration, it is necessary to reveal the fate of transplanted cells and their substantive roles in bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to analyze the fate of transplanted cells and the effect of osteogenic cell transplantation on calvarial bone defect healing. An anti-apoptotic protein, heat shock protein (HSP) 27, was overexpressed in osteoblasts. Then, the treated osteoblasts were transplanted to calvarial bone defect and their fate was analyzed to evaluate the significance of transplanted cell survival. Transient overexpression of Hsp27 rescued MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells from H2 O2 -induced apoptosis without affecting osteoblastic differentiation in culture. Transplantation of Hsp27-overexpressing cells, encapsulated in collagen gel, showed higher proliferative activity, and fewer apoptotic cells in comparison with control cells. After 4-week of transplantation, both control cell- and Hsp27 overexpressed cell-transplanted groups showed significantly higher new bone formation in comparison with cell-free gel-transplantation group. Interestingly, the prolonged survival of transplanted osteoblastic cells by Hsp27 did not provide additional effect on bone healing. The transplanted cells in collagen gel survived for up to 4-week but did not differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts. In conclusion, cell-containing collagen gel accelerated calvarial bone defect healing in comparison with cell-free collagen gel. However, prolonged survival of transplanted cells by Hsp27 overexpression did not provide additional effect. These results strongly indicate that cell transplantation-based bone regeneration cannot be explained only by the increment of osteogenic cells. Further studies are needed to elucidate the practical roles of transplanted cells that will potentiate successful bone regeneration. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 1974-1982, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Kitami
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Masaru Kaku
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Takako Ida
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Nami Akiba
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsumi Uoshima
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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45
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Yu T, Volponi AA, Babb R, An Z, Sharpe PT. Stem Cells in Tooth Development, Growth, Repair, and Regeneration. Curr Top Dev Biol 2015; 115:187-212. [PMID: 26589926 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human teeth contain stem cells in all their mesenchymal-derived tissues, which include the pulp, periodontal ligament, and developing roots, in addition to the support tissues such as the alveolar bone. The precise roles of these cells remain poorly understood and most likely involve tissue repair mechanisms but their relative ease of harvesting makes teeth a valuable potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for therapeutic use. These dental MSC populations all appear to have the same developmental origins, being derived from cranial neural crest cells, a population of embryonic stem cells with multipotential properties. In rodents, the incisor teeth grow continuously throughout life, a feature that requires populations of continuously active mesenchymal and epithelial stem cells. The discrete locations of these stem cells in the incisor have rendered them amenable for study and much is being learnt about the general properties of these stem cells for the incisor as a model system. The incisor MSCs appear to be a heterogeneous population consisting of cells from different neural crest-derived tissues. The epithelial stem cells can be traced directly back in development to a Sox10(+) population present at the time of tooth initiation. In this review, we describe the basic biology of dental stem cells, their functions, and potential clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yu
- Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Angelova Volponi
- Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Babb
- Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhengwen An
- Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom.
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46
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Abstract
Stem cells are remarkable, and stem cell-based tissue engineering is an emerging field of biomedical science aiming to restore damaged tissue or organs. In dentistry and reconstructive facial surgery, it is of great interest to restore lost teeth or craniofacial bone defects using stem cell-mediated therapy. In the craniofacial region, various stem cell populations have been identified with regeneration potential. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge concerning the various types of tooth- and craniofacial bone-related stem cells and discuss their in vivo identities and regulating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Y Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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47
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Wen X, Liu L, Deng M, Liu R, Zhang L, Nie X. In vitro cementoblast-like differentiation of postmigratory neural crest-derived p75(+) stem cells with dental follicle cell conditioned medium. Exp Cell Res 2015; 337:76-86. [PMID: 26165934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cranial neural crest-derived cells (CNCCs) play important role in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during tooth morphogenesis. However, the heterogeneity of CNCCs and their tendency to spontaneously differentiate along smooth muscle or osteoblast lineages in vitro limit further understanding of their biological properties. We studied the differentiation properties of isolated rat embryonic postmigratory CNCCs, expressing p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). These p75NTR positive (p75(+)) CNCCs, isolated using fluorescence activated cell sorter, exhibited fibroblast-like morphology and characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. Incubation of p75(+) CNCCs in dental follicle cell conditioned medium (DFCCM) combined with dentin non-collagenous proteins (dNCPs), altered their morphological features to cementoblast-like appearance. These cells also showed low proliferative activity, high ALP activity and significantly increased calcified nodule formation. Markers related to mineralization or specific to cementoblast lineage were highly expressed in dNCPs/DFCCM-treated p75(+) cells, suggesting their differentiation along cementoblast-like lineage. p75(+) stem cells selected from postmigratory CNCCs represent a pure stem cell population and could be used as a stem cell model for in vitro studies due to their intrinsic ability to differentiate to neuronal cells and transform from neuroectoderm to ectomesenchyme. They can provide a potential stem cell resource for tooth engineering studies and help to further investigate mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in tooth morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Luchuan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Manjing Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital & Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, 10 Daping Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China.
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48
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Chen G, Sun Q, Xie L, Jiang Z, Feng L, Yu M, Guo W, Tian W. Comparison of the Odontogenic Differentiation Potential of Dental Follicle, Dental Papilla, and Cranial Neural Crest Cells. J Endod 2015; 41:1091-9. [PMID: 25882137 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During tooth development, cells originating from the neural crest serve as precursors to the cells in the dental follicle and dental papilla. Therefore, the current study aimed to understand the associations of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs), dental follicle cells (DFCs), and dental papilla cells (DPCs) by performing a parallel comparison to evaluate their odontogenic differentiation capacities. METHODS In this study, we harvested the 3 cells from C57/green fluorescent protein-positive mice or embryos and compared the cell morphology, surface antigens, microstructures, and gene and protein expression. Under the odontogenic microenvironments provided by treated dentin matrix, the odontogenic differentiations of the 3 cells were further compared in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The gene levels of DFCs in neurofilament, tubulin, and nestin were close to the DPCs, and in alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, dentin matrix protein 1, and dentin sialophosphoprotein were the lowest in the 3 cells. However, Western blot results showed that DFCs possessed more similar protein profiles to CNCCs than DPCs, including collagen 1, transforming growth factor beta 1, osteopontin, neurofilament, and dentin matrix protein 1. Meanwhile, DFCs as 1 source of dental stem cells possessed high potency in odontogenic differentiation in vitro. Moreover, similar dentinlike tissues were observed in all 3 groups in vivo. CONCLUSIONS CNCCs, DFCs, and DPCs possessed different biological characteristics in odontogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qince Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongting Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Pedodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Zhao H, Feng J, Ho TV, Grimes W, Urata M, Chai Y. The suture provides a niche for mesenchymal stem cells of craniofacial bones. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:386-96. [PMID: 25799059 PMCID: PMC4380556 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue undergoes constant turnover supported by stem cells. Recent studies showed that perivascular mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contribute to the turnover of long bones. Craniofacial bones are flat bones derived from a different embryonic origin than the long bones. The identity and regulating niche for craniofacial-bone MSCs remain unknown. Here, we identify Gli1+ cells within the suture mesenchyme as the main MSC population for craniofacial bones. They are not associated with vasculature, give rise to all craniofacial bones in the adult and are activated during injury repair. Gli1+ cells are typical MSCs in vitro. Ablation of Gli1+ cells leads to craniosynostosis and arrest of skull growth, indicating that these cells are an indispensable stem cell population. Twist1(+/-) mice with craniosynostosis show reduced Gli1+ MSCs in sutures, suggesting that craniosynostosis may result from diminished suture stem cells. Our study indicates that craniofacial sutures provide a unique niche for MSCs for craniofacial bone homeostasis and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhao
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Weston Grimes
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Mark Urata
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033
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50
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Kaku M, Akiba Y, Akiyama K, Akita D, Nishimura M. Cell-based bone regeneration for alveolar ridge augmentation--cell source, endogenous cell recruitment and immunomodulatory function. J Prosthodont Res 2015; 59:96-112. [PMID: 25749435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar ridge plays a pivotal role in supporting dental prosthesis particularly in edentulous and semi-dentulous patients. However the alveolar ridge undergoes atrophic change after tooth loss. The vertical and horizontal volume of the alveolar ridge restricts the design of dental prosthesis; thus, maintaining sufficient alveolar ridge volume is vital for successful oral rehabilitation. Recent progress in regenerative approaches has conferred marked benefits in prosthetic dentistry, enabling regeneration of the atrophic alveolar ridge. In order to achieve successful alveolar ridge augmentation, sufficient numbers of osteogenic cells are necessary; therefore, autologous osteoprogenitor cells are isolated, expanded in vitro, and transplanted to the specific anatomical site where the bone is required. Recent studies have gradually elucidated that transplanted osteoprogenitor cells are not only a source of bone forming osteoblasts, they appear to play multiple roles, such as recruitment of endogenous osteoprogenitor cells and immunomodulatory function, at the forefront of bone regeneration. This review focuses on the current consensus of cell-based bone augmentation therapies with emphasis on cell sources, transplanted cell survival, endogenous stem cell recruitment and immunomodulatory function of transplanted osteoprogenitor cells. Furthermore, if we were able to control the mobilization of endogenous osteoprogenitor cells, large-scale surgery may no longer be necessary. Such treatment strategy may open a new era of safer and more effective alveolar ridge augmentation treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kaku
- Division of Bioprosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Akiba
- Division of Bioprosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kentaro Akiyama
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Akita
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishimura
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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