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Egger K, Gudmundsen F, Jessen NS, Baun C, Poetzsch SN, Shalgunov V, Herth MM, Quednow BB, Martin-Soelch C, Dornbierer D, Scheidegger M, Cumming P, Palner M. A pilot study of cerebral metabolism and serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor occupancy in rats treated with the psychedelic tryptamine DMT in conjunction with the MAO inhibitor harmine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1140656. [PMID: 37841918 PMCID: PMC10568461 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1140656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The psychedelic effects of the traditional Amazonian botanical decoction known as ayahuasca are often attributed to agonism at brain serotonin 5-HT2A receptors by N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). To reduce first pass metabolism of oral DMT, ayahuasca preparations additionally contain reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitors, namely β-carboline alkaloids such as harmine. However, there is lacking biochemical evidence to substantiate this pharmacokinetic potentiation of DMT in brain via systemic MAO-A inhibition. Objectives: We measured the pharmacokinetic profile of harmine and/or DMT in rat brain, and tested for pharmacodynamic effects on brain glucose metabolism and DMT occupancy at brain serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. Methods: We first measured brain concentrations of harmine and DMT after treatment with harmine and/or DMT at low sub-cutaneous doses (1 mg/kg each) or harmine plus DMT at moderate doses (3 mg/kg each). In the same groups of rats, we also measured ex vivo the effects of these treatments on the availability of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in frontal cortex. Finally, we explored effects of DMT and/or harmine (1 mg/kg each) on brain glucose metabolism with [18F]FDG-PET. Results: Results confirmed that co-administration of harmine inhibited the formation of the DMT metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (3-IAA) in brain, while correspondingly increasing the cerebral availability of DMT. However, we were unable to detect any significant occupancy by DMT at 5-HT2A receptors measured ex vivo, despite brain DMT concentrations as high as 11.3 µM. We did not observe significant effects of low dose DMT and/or harmine on cerebral [18F]FDG-PET uptake. Conclusion: These preliminary results call for further experiments to establish the dose-dependent effects of harmine/DMT on serotonin receptor occupancy and cerebral metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Egger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Gudmundsen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Naja Støckel Jessen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Baun
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sandra N. Poetzsch
- Department of Forensic Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Shalgunov
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M. Herth
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Boris B. Quednow
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Dario Dornbierer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milan Scheidegger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Cumming
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mikael Palner
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mangeant R, Dubost E, Cailly T, Collot V. Radiotracers for the Central Serotoninergic System. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050571. [PMID: 35631397 PMCID: PMC9143978 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This review lists the most important radiotracers described so far for imaging the central serotoninergic system. Single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography radiotracers are reviewed and critically discussed for each receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reynald Mangeant
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Emmanuelle Dubost
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Cailly
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
- UNICAEN, IMOGERE, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Côte de Nacre, Department of Nuclear Medicine, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (V.C.)
| | - Valérie Collot
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (V.C.)
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Rosenberg AJ, Cheung Y, Liu F, Peterson TE, Silverman J, Considine CM, Claassen DO. Automated Synthesis of
(R)
‐[
18
F F]MH.MZ on the iPhase Flexlab Reaction Platform. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2022; 65:223-229. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Rosenberg
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - Yiu‐Yin Cheung
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - Todd E. Peterson
- Vanderbilt University Institute for Imaging Science Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - James Silverman
- Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Ciaran M. Considine
- Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Daniel O. Claassen
- Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
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Clausen MM, Carlsen EA, Christensen C, Madsen J, Brandt-Larsen M, Klausen TL, Holm S, Loft A, Berthelsen AK, Kroman N, Knigge U, Kjaer A. First-in-Human Study of [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 PET for Integrin αvβ3 Imaging in Patients with Breast Cancer and Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Safety, Dosimetry and Tumor Imaging Ability. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040851. [PMID: 35453899 PMCID: PMC9027224 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate (RGD)-recognizing cell surface integrins are involved in tumor growth, invasiveness/metastases, and angiogenesis, and are therefore an attractive treatment target in cancers. The subtype integrin αvβ3 is upregulated on endothelial cells during angiogenesis and on tumor cells. In vivo assessment of integrin αvβ3 is possible with positron emission tomography (PET). Preclinical data on radiochemical properties, tumor uptake and radiation exposure identified [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 as a promising candidate for clinical translation. In this first-in-human phase I study, we evaluate [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 PET in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) and breast cancer (BC). The aim was to investigate safety, biodistribution and dosimetry as well as tracer uptake in tumor lesions. A total of 10 patients (5 breast cancer, 5 neuroendocrine neoplasm) received a single intravenous dose of approximately 200 MBq [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2. Biodistribution profile and dosimetry were assessed by whole-body PET/CT performed at 10 min, 1 h and 2 h after injection. Safety assessment with vital parameters, electrocardiograms and blood tests were performed before and after injection. In vivo stability of [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 was determined by analysis of blood and urine. PET images were analyzed for tracer uptake in tumors and background organs. No adverse events or pharmacologic effects were observed in the 10 patients. [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 exhibited good in vivo stability and fast clearance, primarily by renal excretion. The effective dose was 0.022 mSv/MBq, equaling a radiation exposure of 4.4 mSv at an injected activity of 200 MBq. The tracer demonstrated stable tumor retention and good image contrast. In conclusion, this first-in-human phase I trial demonstrated safe use of [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 for integrin αvβ3 imaging in cancer patients, low radiation exposure and favorable uptake in tumors. Further studies are warranted to establish whether [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2 may become a tool for early identification of patients eligible for treatments targeting integrin αvβ3 and for risk stratification of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Martini Clausen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Esben Andreas Carlsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Camilla Christensen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Jacob Madsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Malene Brandt-Larsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Thomas Levin Klausen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Søren Holm
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Annika Loft
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Anne Kiil Berthelsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Niels Kroman
- Department of Breast Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev/Gentofte Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark;
| | - Ulrich Knigge
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Departments of Clinical Endocrinology and Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.M.C.); (E.A.C.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.B.-L.); (T.L.K.); (S.H.); (A.L.); (A.K.B.)
- ENETS Neuroendocrine Tumor Center of Excellence, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Correspondence:
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Shalgunov V, Xiong M, L'Estrade ET, Raval NR, Andersen IV, Edgar FG, Speth NR, Baerentzen SL, Hansen HD, Donovan LL, Nasser A, Peitersen ST, Kjaer A, Knudsen GM, Syvänen S, Palner M, Herth MM. Blocking of efflux transporters in rats improves translational validation of brain radioligands. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:124. [PMID: 33074370 PMCID: PMC7572968 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00718-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technique that can be used to investigate the in vivo pharmacology of drugs. Initial preclinical evaluation of PET tracers is often conducted in rodents due to the accessibility of disease models as well as economic considerations. Compared to larger species, rodents display a higher expression and/or activity of efflux transporters such as the P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Low brain uptake could, therefore, be species-specific and uptake in rodents not be predictive for that in humans. We hypothesized that a better prediction from rodent data could be achieved when a tracer is evaluated under P-gp inhibition. Consequently, we compared the performance of eight neuroreceptor tracers in rats with and without P-gp inhibition including a specific binding blockade. This data set was then used to predict the binding of these eight tracers in pigs. Methods PET tracers targeting serotonin 5-HT2A receptors ([18F]MH.MZ, [18F]Altanserin, [11C]Cimbi-36, [11C]Pimavanserin), serotonin 5-HT7 receptors ([11C]Cimbi-701, [11C]Cimbi-717 and [11C]BA-10) and dopamine D2/3 receptors ([18F]Fallypride) were used in the study. The brain uptake and target-specific binding of these PET radiotracers were evaluated in rats with and without inhibition of P-gp. Rat data were subsequently compared to the results obtained in pigs. Results Without P-gp inhibition, the amount of target-specific binding in the rat brain was sufficient to justify further translation for three out of eight evaluated tracers. With P-gp inhibition, results for five out of eight tracers justified further translation. The performance in pigs could correctly be predicted for six out of eight tracers when rat data obtained under P-gp inhibition were used, compared to four out of eight tracers without P-gp inhibition. Conclusions P-gp strongly affects the uptake of PET tracers in rodents, but false prediction outcomes can be reduced by evaluating a tracer under P-gp inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Shalgunov
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mengfei Xiong
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elina T L'Estrade
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Radiation Physics, Nuclear Medicine Physics Unit, Skånes University Hospital, Barngatan 3, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nakul R Raval
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida V Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fraser G Edgar
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj R Speth
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone L Baerentzen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne D Hansen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Lene L Donovan
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arafat Nasser
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siv T Peitersen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stina Syvänen
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Palner
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M Herth
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Characterization of the serotonin 2A receptor selective PET tracer (R)-[ 18F]MH.MZ in the human brain. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 47:355-365. [PMID: 31606832 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04527-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The serotonin receptor subtype 2A antagonist (5-HT2AR) (R)-[18F]MH.MZ has in preclinical studies been identified as a promising PET imaging agent for quantification of cerebral 5-HT2ARs. It displays a very similar selectivity profile as [11C]MDL 100907, one of the most selective compounds identified thus far for the 5-HT2AR. As [11C]MDL 100907, (R)-[18F]MH.MZ also displays slow brain kinetics in various animal models; however, the half-life of fluorine-18 allows for long scan times and consequently, a more precise determination of 5-HT2AR binding could still be feasible. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of (R)-[18F]MH.MZ PET to image and quantify the 5-HT2AR in the human brain in vivo. METHODS Nine healthy volunteers underwent (R)-[18F]MH.MZ PET at baseline and four out of these also received a second PET scan, after ketanserin pretreatment. Regional time-activity curves of 17 brain regions were analyzed before and after pretreatment. We also investigated radiometabolism, time-dependent stability of outcomes measures, specificity of (R)-[18F]MH.MZ 5-HT2AR binding, and performance of different kinetic modeling approaches. RESULTS Highest uptake was determined in 5-HT2AR rich regions with a BPND of approximately 1.5 in cortex regions. No radiometabolism was observed. 1TCM and 2TCM resulted in similar outcome measure, whereas reference tissue models resulted in a small, but predictable bias. (R)-[18F]MH.MZ binding conformed to the known distribution of 5-HT2AR and could be blocked by pretreatment with ketanserin. Moreover, outcomes measures were stable after 100-110 min. CONCLUSION (R)-[18F]MH.MZ is a suitable PET tracer to image and quantify the 5-HT2AR system in humans. In comparison with [11C]MDL 100907, faster and more precise outcome measure could be obtained using (R)-[18F]MH.MZ. We believe that (R)-[18F]MH.MZ has the potential to become the antagonist radiotracer of choice to investigate the human 5-HT2AR system.
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Landau AM, Alstrup AKO, Noer O, Winterdahl M, Audrain H, Møller A, Videbech P, Wegener G, Gjedde A, Doudet DJ. Electroconvulsive stimulation differentially affects [ 11C]MDL100,907 binding to cortical and subcortical 5HT 2A receptors in porcine brain. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:714-721. [PMID: 30887871 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119836212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy is an effective therapy of depression. We hypothesized that the beneficial effects are mediated partly by decreased serotonin receptor availability in the cortex. AIMS We used positron emission tomography with the serotonin 5HT2A receptor radioligand [11C]MDL100,907 to determine serotonin receptor availability in response to electroconvulsive stimulation (ECS). METHODS Seven Göttingen minipigs were deeply anaesthetized and imaged at baseline before the onset of ECS, and at 1-2 and 8-10 days after the end of a clinical course of ECS, consisting of 10 sessions over 3.5 weeks, and post-ECS values were compared to baseline. One additional minipig was anaesthetized over 10 sessions without ECS, as a control. We analysed images with the Ichise model for binding in cortex and hippocampus, followed by whole-brain analysis by statistical non-parametric mapping. RESULTS We found significantly increased binding potential of [11C]MDL100,907 in the cortex and hippocampus 1-2 days after ECS, consistent with increased serotonin receptor availability compared to baseline. By 8-10 days after the final ECS, the average tracer binding had returned towards baseline. However, we also found significantly decreased tracer binding in the subcortical regions of olfactory bulb, pons, thalamus and striatum. CONCLUSIONS With ECS, minipigs, unlike primates but like rodents, have higher availability at cortical and hippocampal 5HT2A receptors. Decreased tracer binding is consistent with reduced serotonin receptor availability as a differential effect of ECS on 5HT2A receptors in subcortical regions of minipig brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Landau
- 1 Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,2 Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Ove Noer
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Winterdahl
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hélène Audrain
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Arne Møller
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,3 Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Poul Videbech
- 4 Centre of Mental Health, Glostrup & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- 1 Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Albert Gjedde
- 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,5 Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,6 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Doris J Doudet
- 7 Department of Medicine/Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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L’Estrade E, Hansen HD, Falk-Petersen C, Haugaard A, Griem-Krey N, Jung S, Lüddens H, Schirmeister T, Erlandsson M, Ohlsson T, Knudsen GM, Herth MM, Wellendorph P, Frølund B. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of [ 11C]4-Methoxy- N-[2-(thiophen-2-yl)imidazo[1,2- a]pyridin-3-yl]benzamide as a Brain Penetrant PET Ligand Selective for the δ-Subunit-Containing γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8846-8851. [PMID: 31459972 PMCID: PMC6648289 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The α4/6βδ-containing GABAA receptors are involved in a number of brain diseases. Despite the potential of a δ-selective imaging agent, no PET radioligand is currently available for in vivo imaging. Here, we report the characterization of DS2OMe (1) as a candidate radiotracer, 11C-labeling, and subsequent evaluation of [11C]DS2OMe in a domestic pig as a PET radioligand for visualization of the δ-containing GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina
T. L’Estrade
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurobiology
Research Unit and CIMBI, Copenhagen University
Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Radiation
Physics, Nuclear Medicine Physics Unit, Skånes University Hospital, Barngatan 3, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanne D. Hansen
- Neurobiology
Research Unit and CIMBI, Copenhagen University
Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Falk-Petersen
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Haugaard
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nane Griem-Krey
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sascha Jung
- Institute
of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Johannes
Gutenberg University, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hartmut Lüddens
- Department
of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Medical Center, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute
of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Johannes
Gutenberg University, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria Erlandsson
- Radiation
Physics, Nuclear Medicine Physics Unit, Skånes University Hospital, Barngatan 3, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tomas Ohlsson
- Radiation
Physics, Nuclear Medicine Physics Unit, Skånes University Hospital, Barngatan 3, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gitte M. Knudsen
- Neurobiology
Research Unit and CIMBI, Copenhagen University
Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M. Herth
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurobiology
Research Unit and CIMBI, Copenhagen University
Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petrine Wellendorph
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Frølund
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Edgar FG, Hansen HD, Leth-Petersen S, Ettrup A, Kristensen JL, Knudsen GM, Herth MM. Synthesis, radiofluorination, and preliminary evaluation of the potential 5-HT 2A receptor agonists [ 18 F]Cimbi-92 and [ 18 F]Cimbi-150. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2017; 60:586-591. [PMID: 28856700 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An agonist PET tracer is of key interest for the imaging of the 5-HT2A receptor, as exemplified by the previously reported success of [11 C]Cimbi-36. Fluorine-18 holds several advantages over carbon-11, making it the radionuclide of choice for clinical purposes. In this respect, an 18 F-labelled agonist 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2A R) tracer is highly sought after. Herein, we report a 2-step, 1-pot labelling methodology of 2 tracer candidates. Both ligands display high in vitro affinities for the 5-HT2A R. The compounds were synthesised from easily accessible labelling precursors, and radiolabelled in acceptable radiochemical yields, sufficient for in vivo studies in domestic pigs. PET images partially conformed to the expected brain distribution of the 5-HT2A R; a notable exception however being significant uptake in the striatum and thalamus. Additionally, a within-scan displacement challenge with a 5-HT2A R antagonist was unsuccessful, indicating that the tracers cannot be considered optimal for neuroimaging of the 5-HT2A R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Graeme Edgar
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne D Hansen
- Neurobiology Research Unit and Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Ettrup
- Neurobiology Research Unit and Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper L Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit and Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M Herth
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurobiology Research Unit and Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Synthesis and evaluation of 18F-labeled 5-HT2A receptor agonists as PET ligands. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:455-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Kumar JSD, Mann JJ. PET tracers for serotonin receptors and their applications. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2015; 14:96-112. [PMID: 25360773 DOI: 10.2174/1871524914666141030124316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) are implicated in the pathophysiology of a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and are also targets for drug therapy. In the CNS, most of these receptors are expressed in high abundance in specific brain regions reflecting their role in brain functions. Quantifying binding to 5-HTRs in vivo may permit assessment of physiologic and pathologic conditions, and monitoring disease progression, evaluating treatment response, and for investigating new treatment modalities. Positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging has the sensitivity to quantify binding of 5-HTRs in CNS disorders and to measure drug occupancy as part of a process of new drug development. Although research on PET imaging of 5-HTRs have been performed more than two decades, the successful radiotracers so far developed for human studies are limited to 5-HT₁AR, 5-HT₁BR, 5-HT₂AR, 5-HT₄R and 5-HT₆R. Herein we review the development and application of radioligands for PET imaging of 5-HTRs in living brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J John Mann
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box: 42, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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12
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Persson M, Skovgaard D, Brandt-Larsen M, Christensen C, Madsen J, Nielsen CH, Thurison T, Klausen TL, Holm S, Loft A, Berthelsen AK, Ploug M, Pappot H, Brasso K, Kroman N, Højgaard L, Kjaer A. First-in-human uPAR PET: Imaging of Cancer Aggressiveness. Theranostics 2015; 5:1303-16. [PMID: 26516369 PMCID: PMC4615734 DOI: 10.7150/thno.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A first-in-human clinical trial with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in patients with breast, prostate and bladder cancer, is described. uPAR is expressed in many types of human cancers and the expression is predictive of invasion, metastasis and indicates poor prognosis. uPAR PET imaging therefore holds promise to be a new and innovative method for improved cancer diagnosis, staging and individual risk stratification. The uPAR specific peptide AE105 was conjugated to the macrocyclic chelator DOTA and labeled with 64Cu for targeted molecular imaging with PET. The safety, pharmacokinetic, biodistribution profile and radiation dosimetry after a single intravenous dose of 64Cu-DOTA-AE105 were assessed by serial PET and computed tomography (CT) in 4 prostate, 3 breast and 3 bladder cancer patients. Safety assessment with laboratory blood screening tests was performed before and after PET ligand injection. In a subgroup of the patients, the in vivo stability of our targeted PET ligand was determined in collected blood and urine. No adverse or clinically detectable side effects in any of the 10 patients were found. The ligand exhibited good in vivo stability and fast clearance from plasma and tissue compartments by renal excretion. In addition, high uptake in both primary tumor lesions and lymph node metastases was seen and paralleled high uPAR expression in excised tumor tissue. Overall, this first-in-human study therefore provides promising evidence for safe use of 64Cu-DOTA-AE105 for uPAR PET imaging in cancer patients.
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13
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Herth MM, Knudsen GM. Current radiosynthesis strategies for 5-HT2Areceptor PET tracers. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:265-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias M. Herth
- Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging; Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen; Blegdamsvej 9 Copenhagen DK-2100 Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Jagtvej 160 Copenhagen DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Gitte M. Knudsen
- Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging; Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen; Blegdamsvej 9 Copenhagen DK-2100 Denmark
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14
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Andersen VL, Hansen HD, Herth MM, Dyssegaard A, Knudsen GM, Kristensen JL. 11C-labeling and preliminary evaluation of pimavanserin as a 5-HT2A receptor PET-radioligand. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1053-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Serotonin 2A receptor agonist binding in the human brain with [¹¹C]Cimbi-36. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:1188-96. [PMID: 24780897 PMCID: PMC4083382 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
[(11)C]Cimbi-36 was recently developed as a selective serotonin 2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor agonist radioligand for positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging. Such an agonist PET radioligand may provide a novel, and more functional, measure of the serotonergic system and agonist binding is more likely than antagonist binding to reflect 5-HT levels in vivo. Here, we show data from a first-in-human clinical trial with [(11)C]Cimbi-36. In 29 healthy volunteers, we found high brain uptake and distribution according to 5-HT(2A) receptors with [(11)C]Cimbi-36 PET. The two-tissue compartment model using arterial input measurements provided the most optimal quantification of cerebral [(11)C]Cimbi-36 binding. Reference tissue modeling was feasible as it induced a negative but predictable bias in [(11)C]Cimbi-36 PET outcome measures. In five subjects, pretreatment with the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin before a second PET scan significantly decreased [(11)C]Cimbi-36 binding in all cortical regions with no effects in cerebellum. These results confirm that [(11)C]Cimbi-36 binding is selective for 5-HT(2A) receptors in the cerebral cortex and that cerebellum is an appropriate reference tissue for quantification of 5-HT(2A) receptors in the human brain. Thus, we here describe [(11)C]Cimbi-36 as the first agonist PET radioligand to successfully image and quantify 5-HT(2A) receptors in the human brain.
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16
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Characterization of [11C]Cimbi-36 as an agonist PET radioligand for the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the nonhuman primate brain. Neuroimage 2014; 84:342-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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