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Chowdhuri S, Das S, Kushwaha R, Das T, Das BK, Das D. Cumulative Effect of pH and Redox Triggers on Highly Adaptive Transient Coacervates. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203820. [PMID: 36786201 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
An intricate synergism between multiple biochemical processes and physical conditions determines the formation and function of various biological self-assemblies. Thus, a complex set of variables dictate the far-from-equilibrium nature of these biological assemblies. Mimicking such systems synthetically is a challenging task. We report multi-stimuli responsive transient coacervation of an aldehyde-appended polymer and a short peptide. The coacervates are formed by the disulphide linkages between the peptide molecules and the imine bond between the polymer and the peptide. Imines are susceptible to pH changes and the disulphide bonds can be tuned by oxidation/reduction processes. Thus, the coacervation is operational only under the combined effect of appropriate pH and oxidative conditions. Taking advantage of these facts, the coacervates are transiently formed under a pH cycle (urea-urease/gluconolactone) and a non-equilibrium redox cycle (TCEP/H2 O2 ). Importantly, the system showed high adaptability toward environmental changes. The transient existence of the coacervates can be generated without any apparent change in size and shape within the same system through the sequential application of the above-mentioned nonequilibrium reaction cycles. Additionally, the coacervation allows for efficient encapsulation/stabilisation of proteins. Thus, the system has the potential to be used for protein/drug delivery purposes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Chowdhuri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Saurav Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ritvika Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Tanushree Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Basab Kanti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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Kaup R, Ten Hove JB, Bunschoten A, van Leeuwen FWB, Velders AH. Multicompartment dendrimicelles with binary, ternary and quaternary core composition. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:15422-15430. [PMID: 34505610 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04556c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchically built-up multicompartment nanoaggregate systems are of interest for, e.g., novel materials and medicine. Here we present a versatile strategy to generate and unambiguously characterize complex coacervate-core micelles by exploiting four different dendrimeric subcomponents as core-units. The resulting mesoscale structures have a hydrodynamic diameter of 50 nm and a core size of 33 nm, and host about thirty 6th generation polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. We have used FRET (efficiency of ∼0.2) between fluorescein and rhodamine moieties immobilized on separate PAMAM dendrimers (G6-F and G6-R, respectively) to prove synchronous encapsulation in the micelle core. Tuning the proximity of the FRET pair molecules either by varying the G6-F : G6-R ratio, or by co-assembling non-functionalized dendrimer (G6-E) in the core, reveals the optimal FRET efficiency to occur at a minimum of 70% loading with G6-F and G6-R. Additional co-encapsulation of 6th generation gold dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles (G6-Au) in the micelle core shows a dramatic reduction of the FRET efficiency, which can be restored by chemical etching of the gold nanoparticles from within the micellar core with thiols, leaving the micelle itself intact. This study reveals the controlled co-assembly of up to four different types of subcomponents in one single micellar core and concomitantly shows the wide variety of structures that can be made with a well-defined basic set of subcomponents. It is straightforward to design related strategies, to incorporate inside one micellar core, e.g., even more than 4 different dendrimers, or other classes of (macro)molecules, with different functional groups, other FRET pairs or different encapsulated metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kaup
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Bart Ten Hove
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Bunschoten
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aldrik H Velders
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Instituto Regional de Investigacion Cientifica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Yewdall NA, André AA, Lu T, Spruijt E. Coacervates as models of membraneless organelles. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.101416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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