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Emelianov AV, Pettersson M, Bobrinetskiy II. Ultrafast Laser Processing of 2D Materials: Novel Routes to Advanced Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402907. [PMID: 38757602 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast laser processing has emerged as a versatile technique for modifying materials and introducing novel functionalities. Over the past decade, this method has demonstrated remarkable advantages in the manipulation of 2D layered materials, including synthesis, structuring, functionalization, and local patterning. Unlike continuous-wave and long-pulsed optical methods, ultrafast lasers offer a solution for thermal heating issues. Nonlinear interactions between ultrafast laser pulses and the atomic lattice of 2D materials substantially influence their chemical and physical properties. This paper highlights the transformative role of ultrafast laser pulses in maskless green technology, enabling subtractive, and additive processes that unveil ways for advanced devices. Utilizing the synergetic effect between the energy states within the atomic layers and ultrafast laser irradiation, it is feasible to achieve unprecedented resolutions down to several nanometers. Recent advancements are discussed in functionalization, doping, atomic reconstruction, phase transformation, and 2D and 3D micro- and nanopatterning. A forward-looking perspective on a wide array of applications of 2D materials, along with device fabrication featuring novel physical and chemical properties through direct ultrafast laser writing, is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei V Emelianov
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Mika Pettersson
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Ivan I Bobrinetskiy
- BioSense Institute - Research and Development Institute for Information Technologies in Biosystems, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
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Jiao ZZ, Zhou H, Han XC, Han DD, Zhang YL. Photothermal Responsive Slippery Surfaces Based on Laser-Structured Graphene@PVDF Composites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 629:582-592. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Electro-responsive actuators (ERAs) hold great promise for cutting-edge applications in e-skins, soft robots, unmanned flight, and in vivo surgery devices due to the advantages of fast response, precise control, programmable deformation, and the ease of integration with control circuits. Recently, considering the excellent physical/chemical/mechanical properties (e.g., high carrier mobility, strong mechanical strength, outstanding thermal conductivity, high specific surface area, flexibility, and transparency), graphene and its derivatives have emerged as an appealing material in developing ERAs. In this review, we have summarized the recent advances in graphene-based ERAs. Typical the working mechanisms of graphene ERAs have been introduced. Design principles and working performance of three typical types of graphene ERAs (e.g., electrostatic actuators, electrothermal actuators, and ionic actuators) have been comprehensively summarized. Besides, emerging applications of graphene ERAs, including artificial muscles, bionic robots, human-soft actuators interaction, and other smart devices, have been reviewed. At last, the current challenges and future perspectives of graphene ERAs are discussed.
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Quezada Renteria JA, Ruiz-Garcia C, Sauvage T, Chazaro-Ruiz LF, Rangel-Mendez JR, Ania CO. Photochemical and electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide thin films: tuning the nature of surface defects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20732-20743. [PMID: 32902530 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02053b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Individual and combined photo(electro)chemical reduction treatments of graphene oxide thin films have been performed to modulate the type of defects introduced into the graphene sheets during the reduction. These were characterized by X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies, nuclear reaction analysis and electrochemical methods. Illumination of the graphene oxide thin film electrodes with low irradiance simulated solar light provoked the photoassisted reduction of the material with negligible photothermal effects. The photoreduced graphene oxide displayed a fragmented sp2 network due to the formation of a high density of defects (carbon vacancies) and the selective removal of epoxides and hydroxyl groups. In contrast, the electrochemical reduction under mild polarization conditions favored the formation of sp3 defects over vacancies, with a preferential removal of carbonyl and carboxyl groups over hydroxyl/epoxides. Used in conjunction, mild photochemical and electrochemical treatments allowed the obtainment of reduced graphene oxides with varied reduction degrees (ca. C/O ratio ranging from 4.9 to 2.2), and surface defects. Furthermore, the electrochemical reduction prevented the formation of vacancies during the subsequent illumination step. In contrast, both types of defects were accumulated when the GO electrode was first exposed to illumination and then polarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Quezada Renteria
- CEMHTI, CNRS (UPR 3079), Université d'Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France. and Division de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., camino a la presa san josé 2055, col. lomas 4ª sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Thierry Sauvage
- CEMHTI, CNRS (UPR 3079), Université d'Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France.
| | - Luis F Chazaro-Ruiz
- Division de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., camino a la presa san josé 2055, col. lomas 4ª sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jose R Rangel-Mendez
- Division de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., camino a la presa san josé 2055, col. lomas 4ª sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Conchi O Ania
- CEMHTI, CNRS (UPR 3079), Université d'Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France.
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You R, Liu YQ, Hao YL, Han DD, Zhang YL, You Z. Laser Fabrication of Graphene-Based Flexible Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901981. [PMID: 31441164 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the rise of graphene and its applications in various electronic devices. Specifically, featuring excellent flexibility, transparency, conductivity, and mechanical robustness, graphene has emerged as a versatile material for flexible electronics. In the past decade, facilitated by various laser processing technologies, including the laser-treatment-induced photoreduction of graphene oxides, flexible patterning, hierarchical structuring, heteroatom doping, controllable thinning, etching, and shock of graphene, along with laser-induced graphene on polyimide, graphene has found broad applications in a wide range of electronic devices, such as power generators, supercapacitors, optoelectronic devices, sensors, and actuators. Here, the recent advancements in the laser fabrication of graphene-based flexible electronic devices are comprehensively summarized. The various laser fabrication technologies that have been employed for the preparation, processing, and modification of graphene and its derivatives are reviewed. A thorough overview of typical laser-enabled flexible electronic devices that are based on various graphene sources is presented. With the rapid progress that has been made in the research on graphene preparation methodologies and laser micronanofabrication technologies, graphene-based electronics may soon undergo fast development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui You
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yi-Long Hao
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dong-Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yong-Lai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Liu YQ, Chen ZD, Mao JW, Han DD, Sun X. Laser Fabrication of Graphene-Based Electronic Skin. Front Chem 2019; 7:461. [PMID: 31316971 PMCID: PMC6610329 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene is promising for developing soft and flexible electronic skin. However, technologies for graphene processing is still at an early stage, which limits the applications of graphene in advanced electronics. Laser processing technologies permits mask-free and chemical-free patterning of graphene, revealing the potential for developing graphene-based electronics. In this minireview, we overviewed and summarized the recent progresses of laser enabled graphene-based electronic skins. Two typical strategies, laser reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and laser induced graphene (LIG) on polyimide (PI), have been introduced toward the fabrication of graphene electronic skins. The advancement of laser processing technology would push forward the rapid progress of graphene electronic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhao-Di Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong-Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Gao YY, Han B, Zhao WY, Ma ZC, Yu YS, Sun HB. Light-Responsive Actuators Based on Graphene. Front Chem 2019; 7:506. [PMID: 31380350 PMCID: PMC6650529 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a typical 2D carbon material, graphene, that possesses outstanding physical/chemical properties, has revealed great potential for developing soft actuators. Especially, the unique properties of graphene, including the excellent light absorption property, softness, and thermal conductivity, play very important roles in the development of light-responsive graphene actuators. At present, various light-driven actuators have been successfully developed based on graphene and its derivatives. In this mini review, we reviewed the recent advances in this field. The unique properties of graphene or graphene-related materials that are of benefit to the development of light-driven actuators have been summarized. Typical smart actuators based on different photothermal/photochemical effects, including photothermal expansion, photothermal desorption, photoisomerization, and photo-triggered shape memory effect, have been introduced. Besides, current challenges, and future perspective have been discussed. The rapid progress of light-responsive actuators based on graphene has greatly stimulated the development of graphene-based soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ya Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo-Chen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Sen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Zhu C, Yan Y, Wang F, Cui J, Zhao S, Gao A, Zhang G. Facile fabrication of long-chain alkyl functionalized ultrafine reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for enhanced tribological performance. RSC Adv 2019; 9:7324-7333. [PMID: 35519948 PMCID: PMC9061202 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00433e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain alkyl functionalized ultrafine reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with outstanding dispersibility and enhanced lubricating performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Yehai Yan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Fan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Jian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Ailin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Guangfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
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Wu Y, Wang F, Wang S, Ma J, Xu M, Gao M, Liu R, Chen W, Liu S. Reduction of graphene oxide alters its cyto-compatibility towards primary and immortalized macrophages. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14637-14650. [PMID: 30028471 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02798f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives (e.g., reduced graphene oxide, RGO) have shown great promise in biomedicine. Although many studies have been conducted to understand the relative cyto-compatibility between GO and RGO materials, the results are inconclusive and controversial. In this study, we compared the biocompatibility aspects (e.g. cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory effects and impairment of cellular morphology) between parental and reduced GOs towards macrophages using primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and J774A.1 cell line. Two RGOs (RGO1 and RGO2) with differential reduction levels relative to the parental GO were prepared. Intriguingly, besides loss of oxygen-containing functional groups, significant morphological alteration of GO occurred, from the sheet-like structure to a polygonal curled shape for RGO, without significant aggregation in biological medium. Cytotoxicity assessment unveiled that the RGOs were more toxic than pristine GO to both types of cells. It was surprising to find for the first time (to our knowledge) that GO and RGOs elicited different effects on the morphological changes of BMDMs, as reflected by elongated protrusions from GO treatment and shortened protrusions from the RGOs. Furthermore, RGOs induced greater pro-inflammatory responses than GO, especially in BMDMs. Compromised cyto-compatibility of RGOs was attributable (at least partially) to their greater oxidative stress in macrophages. Mechanistically, these differences in bio-reactivities between GO and RGO should be boiled down to (at least in part) the synergistic effects from the variation of oxygen-containing functional groups and the distinct morphology in between. This study unearthed the crucial contribution of reduction-mediated detrimental cellular effects between GO and RGO towards macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Mortazavi S, Mollabashi M, Barri R, Jones K, Xiao JQ, Opila R, Shah SI. Modification of graphene oxide film properties using KrF laser irradiation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:12808-12814. [PMID: 35541249 PMCID: PMC9079612 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of various properties of graphene oxide (GO) films on SiO2/Si substrate under KrF laser radiation was extensively studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Mortazavi
- School of Physics
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran 16844
- Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mollabashi
- School of Physics
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran 16844
- Iran
| | - Rasoul Barri
- Department of Physics & Astronomy
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Kevin Jones
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - John Q. Xiao
- Department of Physics & Astronomy
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
| | - Robert L. Opila
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
| | - S. Ismat Shah
- Department of Physics & Astronomy
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering
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