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Hueso JL, Mallada R, Santamaria J. Gas-solid contactors and catalytic reactors with direct microwave heating: Current status and perspectives. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Microwave-Assisted CO Oxidation over Perovskites as a Model Reaction for Exhaust Aftertreatment—A Critical Assessment of Opportunities and Challenges. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a microwave (MW)-assisted heterogeneous catalytical setup, which we carefully examined for its thermal and performance characteristics. Although MW-assisted heterogeneous catalysis has been widely explored in the past, there is still need for attention towards the specific experimental details, which may complicate the interpretation of results and comparability in general. In this study we discuss technical and material related factors influencing the obtained data from MW-assisted heterogeneous catalysis, specifically in regards to the oxidation of carbon monoxide over a selected perovskite catalyst, which shall serve as a model reaction for exhaust gas aftertreatment. A high degree of comparability between different experiments, both in terms of setup and the catalysts, is necessary to draw conclusions regarding this promising technology. Despite significant interest from both fundamental and applied research, many questions and controversies still remain and are discussed in this study. A series of deciding parameters is presented and the influence on the data is discussed. To control these parameters is both a challenge but also an opportunity to gain advanced insight into MW-assisted catalysis and to develop new materials and processes. The results and discussion are based upon experiments conducted in a monomode MW-assisted catalysis system employing powdered solid-state perovskite oxides in a fixed bed reactor. The discussion covers critical aspects concerning the determination of the actual catalyst temperature, the homogeneity of the thermal distribution, time, and local temperature relaxation (i.e., thermal runaway effects and hotspot formation), particle size effects, gas flow considerations, and system design.
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3
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Microwave modification of cobalt supported on beta silicon carbide catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-02129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Julian I, Pedersen C, Jensen A, Baden A, Hueso J, Friderichsen A, Birkedal H, Mallada R, Santamaria J. From bench scale to pilot plant: A 150x scaled-up configuration of a microwave-driven structured reactor for methane dehydroaromatization. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Mbuya COL, Okoye-Chine CG, Ramutsindela K, Jewell LL, Scurrell M. Microwave modification of iron supported on beta silicon carbide catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00024e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Beta silicon carbide is a good microwave absorber support. Microwave irradiation can improve the surface properties of Fe/β-SiC catalysts. Microwave irradiation can be used to improve the catalytic performance of Fe/β-SiC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Olivier Lenge Mbuya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa (UNISA), Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street, Florida Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Chike George Okoye-Chine
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Katu Ramutsindela
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS) research unit, University of South Africa (UNISA), Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street, Florida, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Linda L. Jewell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa (UNISA), Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street, Florida Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Mike Scurrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa (UNISA), Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street, Florida Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
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6
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Abstract
Azetidinium salts are important motifs in organic synthesis but are difficult to obtain due to extremely long synthetic protocols. Herein, a rapid continuous-flow process for the on-demand synthesis of azetidinium salts is described. In particular, the nucleophilic addition of secondary amines and the subsequent intramolecular N-cyclization have been investigated in batch and continuous-flow modes, exploring the effects of solvent type, temperature, reaction time, and amine substituent on the synthesis of azetidinium salts. This has enabled us to quickly identify optimal reaction conditions and obtain microkinetic parameters, verifying that the use of a flow reactor leads to a reduction of the activation energy for the epichlorohydrin aminolysis due to the better control of mass and heat transfer during reaction. This confirms the key role of continuous-flow technologies to affect the kinetics of a reaction and make synthetic protocols ultrarapid and more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sivo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ruta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
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7
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Zhu Z, Yu J. Combination of microwave discharge electrodeless lamp and a TiO 2/HZSM-5 composite for the photocatalytic degradation of dimethyl sulphide. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111082. [PMID: 33812875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an integrated photocatalytic system consisting of a microwave discharge electrodeless lamp (MDEL) and TiO2/HZSM-5 was established to investigate the intensified degradation of dimethyl sulphide (DMS). The system targets optimisation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and photocatalytic degradation pathways without catalyst deactivation. TiO2/HZSM-5, containing highly dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles, was prepared through the sol-gel method. TiO2/HZSM-5 exhibits strong acidity and can adsorb DMS in multiple adsorption forms. Thus, the adsorption capacity of TiO2/HZSM-5 is 20 and 53 times higher than that of Aeroxide TiO2 (P25) in dry and highly humid air, respectively. UV-Vis analysis was performed to investigate the ROS in the gas phase. The results show that the concentrations of the ROS increased by 8% and 62.7% in dry and highly humid air, respectively. 1O2 and O (1D), as well as ·OH are the major ROS, accounting for 73.6% and 61.6% in dry and highly humid air, respectively. A total of 92.5% DMS was removed over 600 min in dry air. Microwaves have strong desorption effects on absorbed substances, promoting the degradation of DMS via ROS in the gas phase. Moreover, 1O2, O (1D), and ·OH can mineralise more DMS molecules into SO2 and SO3 through methanesulfonic acid. The highest mineralisation rate of 89.48% was obtained at 90% humidity over 600 min without catalyst deactivation. Therefore, this integrated system induced by microwave radiation can improve ROS production and prevent catalyst deactivation, providing an alternative to achieve higher photocatalytic performances in dry and highly humid air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- Suzhou Institute of Trade and Commerce, 287 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, China; Research Center of Environmental Catalysis & Separation Process, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Research Center of Environmental Catalysis & Separation Process, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China; Institute of Anqing, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Anqing, 410205, PR China.
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8
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Mbuya COL, Jewell LL, Ntelane TS, Scurrell MS. The effect of microwave irradiation on heterogeneous catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. REV CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The work that has been carried out on microwave irradiation applied in catalyst preparation for drying, calcination or postsynthesis methods, and as a heating source for the Fischer–Tropsch reaction has been reviewed. It has been found that microwave irradiation can, in some cases, greatly enhance the performance of heterogeneous catalyst systems for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. We have also summarized the advantages and drawbacks of using microwave irradiation in Fischer–Tropsch catalyst preparation and postsynthesis, and identified opportunities for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Olivier Lenge Mbuya
- Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering , University of South Africa (UNISA) , Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street , Johannesburg 1710 , South Africa
| | - Linda L. Jewell
- Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering , University of South Africa (UNISA) , Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street , Johannesburg 1710 , South Africa
| | - Tau S. Ntelane
- Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering , University of South Africa (UNISA) , Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street , Johannesburg 1710 , South Africa
| | - Mike S. Scurrell
- Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering , University of South Africa (UNISA) , Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Street , Johannesburg 1710 , South Africa
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9
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Abstract
Traveling-Wave Microwave Reactor (TMR) presents a novel heterogeneous catalytic reactor concept based on a coaxial waveguide structure. In the current paper, both modeling and experimental studies of catalyst heating in the TMR are presented. The developed 3D multiphysics model was validated from the electromagnetic and heat transfer points of view. Extrudes of silicon carbide (SiC) were selected as catalyst supports and microwave absorbing media in a packed-bed configuration. The packed-bed temperature evolution was in good agreement with experimental data, with an average deviation of less than 10%. Both experimental and simulation results show that the homogeneous temperature distribution is possible in the TMR system. It is envisioned that the TMR concept may facilitate process scale-up while providing temperature homogeneity beyond the intrinsic restrictions of microwave cavity systems.
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10
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Microwave heating in heterogeneous catalysis: Modelling and design of rectangular traveling-wave microwave reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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12
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13
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Tsubaki S, Higuchi T, Matsuzawa T, Fujii S, Nishioka M, Wada Y. Real-Time Facile Detection of the WO 3 Catalyst Oxidation State under Microwaves Using a Resonance Frequency. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:31957-31962. [PMID: 33344850 PMCID: PMC7745404 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microwaves (MWs) are often used to enhance various heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Here, we demonstrate real-time monitoring of a catalyst's oxidation state in a microwave catalytic reaction using a resonance frequency. The changes in the catalyst's oxidation state during the reaction induced changes in the resonance frequency in the cavity resonator. The resonance frequency was not affected by 2-propanol adsorption, while the frequency decreased with the reduction of WO3 → WO3-x. That is, the redox state of the WO3 catalyst could be detected using the resonance frequency. The oxidation state of the WO3 catalyst was then directly observed by the resonance frequency during the dehydration reaction of 2-propanol by microwaves as a model reaction. Resonance frequency monitoring revealed that the enhanced dehydration of 2-propanol by microwaves was attributable to the reduction of the WO3 catalyst. Moreover, the temporal changes in the oxidation state of the WO3 catalyst detected by the resonance frequency coincided with that observed by operando Raman spectroscopy. Therefore, real-time resonance frequency monitoring allowed facile detection of the bulk catalyst oxidation state under microwaves without using any spectroscopic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Tsubaki
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo
Institute of Technology, E4-3, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- PRESTO,
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tomoki Higuchi
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo
Institute of Technology, E4-3, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tomoki Matsuzawa
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo
Institute of Technology, E4-3, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo
Institute of Technology, E4-3, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department
of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology Okinawa College, 905 Henoko, Nago-shi, Okinawa 905-2192, Japan
| | - Masateru Nishioka
- National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan
| | - Yuji Wada
- School
of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo
Institute of Technology, E4-3, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Institute
of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503 Japan
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14
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Wang L, Xia H, Han P, Cao R, Xu T, Li W, Zhang H, Zhang S. Synthesis of new PPG and study of heterogeneous combination flooding systems. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1845719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Huifen Xia
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Peihui Han
- Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Ruibo Cao
- Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Tianhan Xu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Wenzhuo Li
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, China
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15
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Robinson B, Caiola A, Bai X, Abdelsayed V, Shekhawat D, Hu J. Catalytic direct conversion of ethane to value-added chemicals under microwave irradiation. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Li H, Zhang C, Pang C, Li X, Gao X. The Advances in the Special Microwave Effects of the Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions. Front Chem 2020; 8:355. [PMID: 32432084 PMCID: PMC7216099 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present, microwave field has been widely used in chemical processes as an important means of intensification. The heterogeneous catalysts coupling with microwave has been shown to have many advantages, such as high catalytic performance and stability. Our objective is to focus an up-to-date overview concerning the advances in the special microwave effects of the heterogeneous catalytic reactions including special thermal effect, microwave plasma, enhanced active groups, and the flexibility of structure. This review systematically states the action mechanism and some practical application of microwave-induced catalytic process. Finally, the potential research directions in the field of microwave-induced catalysis are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,TJU Binhai Industrial Research Institute Limited Company, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuanrui Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Chen RJ, Qiao N, Arowo M, Zou HK, Chu GW, Luo Y, Sun BC, Chen JF. Modeling for Temperature Distribution of Water in a Multiwaveguide Microwave Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b04748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 35, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ning Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 35, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Moses Arowo
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Moi University, Eldoret 3900-30100, Kenya
| | - Hai-Kui Zou
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guang-Wen Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 35, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bao-Chang Sun
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 35, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 100029, China
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18
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Abstract
Since the late 1980s, the scientific community has been attracted to microwave energy as an alternative method of heating, due to the advantages that this technology offers over conventional heating technologies. In fact, differently from these, the microwave heating mechanism is a volumetric process in which heat is generated within the material itself, and, consequently, it can be very rapid and selective. In this way, the microwave-susceptible material can absorb the energy embodied in the microwaves. Application of the microwave heating technique to a chemical process can lead to both a reduction in processing time as well as an increase in the production rate, which is obtained by enhancing the chemical reactions and results in energy saving. The synthesis and sintering of materials by means of microwave radiation has been used for more than 20 years, while, future challenges will be, among others, the development of processes that achieve lower greenhouse gas (e.g., CO2) emissions and discover novel energy-saving catalyzed reactions. A natural choice in such efforts would be the combination of catalysis and microwave radiation. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of microwave applications in the heterogeneous catalysis, including the preparation of catalysts, as well as explore some selected microwave assisted catalytic reactions. The review is divided into three principal topics: (i) introduction to microwave chemistry and microwave materials processing; (ii) description of the loss mechanisms and microwave-specific effects in heterogeneous catalysis; and (iii) applications of microwaves in some selected chemical processes, including the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts.
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19
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Tsubaki S, Matsuzawa T, Suzuki E, Fujii S, Wada Y. Operando Raman Spectroscopy of the Microwave-Enhanced Catalytic Dehydration of 2-Propanol by WO 3. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Tsubaki
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoki Matsuzawa
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Eiichi Suzuki
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, Okinawa National College of Technology, 905 Henoko, Nago-shi 905-2192, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Wada
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1 E4-3, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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Duangkamol C, Batsomboon P, Stiegman AE, Dudley GB. Microwave Heating Outperforms Conventional Heating for a Thermal Reaction that Produces a Thermally Labile Product: Observations Consistent with Selective Microwave Heating. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2594-2597. [PMID: 31157510 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microwave (MW) heating is more effective than conventional (CONV) heating for promoting a high-temperature oxidative cycloisomerization reaction that was previously reported as a key step in a total synthesis of the natural product illudinine. The thermal reaction pathway as envisioned is an inverse electron-demand dehydro-Diels-Alder reaction with in situ oxidation to generate a substituted isoquinoline, which itself is unstable to the reaction conditions. Observed reaction yields were higher at a measured bulk temperature of 200 °C than at 180 °C or 220 °C; at 24 hours than at earlier or later time points; and when the reaction solution was heated using MW energy as opposed to CONV heating with a metal heat block. Selective MW heating of polar solute aggregates is postulated to explain these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuthamat Duangkamol
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Paratchata Batsomboon
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Albert E Stiegman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Gregory B Dudley
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
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