1
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Guo Y, Zhao Z, Hua L, Liu Y, Xu B, Zhang Y, Yan S, Ren Z. Adjusting the Electron-Withdrawing Ability of Acceptors in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Conjugated Polymers for High-Performance OLEDs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1225-1233. [PMID: 38112452 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Constructing high-performance solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) conjugated polymers remains a challenging issue. The electron-withdrawing ability of acceptors in TADF units significantly affects the TADF properties of the conjugated polymers. Herein, we have designed three TADF conjugated polymers, in which phenoxazine donors and anthracen-9(10H)-one acceptors are incorporated into the polymeric backbones and side chains, respectively, and the carbazole derivative is copolymerized as the host. By incorporating different heteroatoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, with slightly different electronegativities into anthracen-9(10H)-one, the effect of the electron-withdrawing ability of the acceptor on the performance of conjugated TADF polymer-based OLEDs is thus systematically studied. It is found that the introduction of a nitrogen atom can enhance the spin-orbital coupling and RISC process due to the modulated energy levels and nature of the excited states. As a result, the solution-processed OLEDs based on the prepared polymer p-PXZ-XN display an excellent comprehensive performance with an EQEmax of 17.6%, a low turn-on voltage of 2.8 V, and a maximum brightness of 14750 cd m-2. Notably, the efficiency roll-off is quite low, maintaining 15.1% at 1000 cd m-2, 12.1% at 3000 cd m-2, and 6.1% at 10000 cd m-2, which ranks in the first tier among the reported TADF conjugated polymers. This work provides a guideline for constructing high-efficiency TADF polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhennan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Bowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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New Light-Green Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Polymer Based on Dimethylacridine-Triphenyltriazine Light-Emitting Unit and Tetraphenylsilane Moiety as Non-Conjugated Backbone. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010067. [PMID: 36616417 PMCID: PMC9824120 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for solution-processable TADF materials as a light emitting layer for OLED devices, polymers have attracted considerable attention due to their better thermal and morphological properties in the film state with respect to small molecules. In this work, a new polymer (p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ) with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) light-emitting characteristics was prepared from a conjugation-break unit (TPS) and a well-known TADF core (DAMC-TRZ). This material was designed to preserve the photophysical properties of DAMC-TRZ, while improving other properties, such as thermal stability, promoted by its polymerization with a TPS core. Along with excellent solubility in common organic solvents such as toluene, chloroform and THF, the polymer (Mn = 9500; Mw = 15200) showed high thermal stability (TDT5% = 481 °C), and a Tg value of 265 °C, parameters higher than the reference small molecule DMAC-TRZ (TDT5% = 305 °C; Tg = 91 °C). The photoluminescence maximum of the polymer was centered at 508 nm in the solid state, showing a low redshift compared to DMAC-TRZ (500 nm), while also showing a redshift in solution with solvents of increasing polarity. Time-resolved photoluminescence of p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ at 298 K, showed considerable delayed emission in solid state, with two relatively long lifetimes, 0.290 s (0.14) and 2.06 s (0.50), and a short lifetime of 23.6 ns, while at 77 K, the delayed emission was considerably quenched, and two lifetimes in total were observed, 24.6 ns (0.80) and 180 ns (0.20), which was expected from the slower RISC process at lower temperatures, decreasing the efficiency of the delayed emission and demonstrating that p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ has a TADF emission. This is in agreement with room temperature TRPL measurements in solution, where a decrease in both lifetime and delayed contribution to total photoluminescence was observed when oxygen was present. The PLQY of the mCP blend films with 1% p-TPS-DMAC-DMAC-TRZ as a dopant was determined to be equal to 0.62, while in the pure film, it was equal to 0.29, which is lower than that observed for DMAC-TRZ (0.81). Cyclic voltammetry experiments showed similarities between p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ and DAMC-TRZ with HOMO and LUMO energies of -5.14 eV and -2.76 eV, respectively, establishing an electrochemical bandgap value of 2.38 eV. The thin film morphology of p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ and DMAC-TRZ was compared by AFM and FE-SEM, and the results showed that p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ has a smoother surface with fewer defects, such as aggregations. These results show that the design strategy succeeded in improving the thermal and morphological properties in the polymeric material compared to the reference small molecule, while the photophysical properties were mostly maintained, except for the PLQY determined in the pure films. Still, these results show that p-TPS-DMAC-TRZ is a good candidate for use as a light-emitting layer in OLED devices, especially when used as a host-guest mixture in suitable materials such as mCP.
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3
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Effect of random copolymerization on the optical properties of selenophene and thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione conjugated polymers. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Luo Y, Zhao B, Zhang B, Lan Y, Chen L, Zhang Y, Bao Y, Niu L. A scaffold of thermally activated delayed fluorescent polymer dots towards aqueous electrochemiluminescence and biosensing applications. Analyst 2022; 147:2442-2451. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00352j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) polymer dots were prepared, which enables aqueous electrochemiluminescence of TADF polymer emitters and its biosensor application for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelin Luo
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bolin Zhao
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yeying Lan
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices c/o School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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5
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Wang YF, Li M, Teng JM, Zhou HY, Zhao WL, Chen CF. Chiral TADF-Active Polymers for High-Efficiency Circularly Polarized Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23619-23624. [PMID: 34490710 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A strategy of chiral donor-acceptor copolymerization is proposed to develop chiral nonconjugated polymers with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Based on this strategy, two pairs of chiral polymers (R,R)-/(S,S)-pTpAcDPS and (R,R)-/(S,S)-pTpAcBP were synthesized. The alternating copolymerization of the chiral donors and acceptors could effectively separate the frontier molecular orbitals, which made the polymers show small ΔEST of 0.01-0.03 eV and efficient TADF properties. Moreover, the polymers also showed the quantum yield of up to 92 % and the circularly polarized luminescence. The solution-processed circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes showed circularly polarized electroluminescence signals with high external quantum efficiencies of up to 22.1 % and maximum luminance of up to 34350 cd m-2 . This is the first report of CP-OLEDs based on chiral TADF polymer, which provides a useful and valuable guidance for the development of high-efficiency CPEL polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Feng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jin-Ming Teng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - He-Ye Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen-Long Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuan-Feng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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6
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Chiral TADF‐Active Polymers for High‐Efficiency Circularly Polarized Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Zhang J, Wei Q, Fei N, Zhao M, Xie L, Cao L, Zhang X, Xie G, Wang T, Ge Z. Simple-Structured Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with External Quantum Efficiency of over 20. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12305-12312. [PMID: 33651943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are much preferred for the manufacture of low-temperature, low-cost, large-area, and flexible lighting and displaying devices. However, these devices with high external quantum efficiency are still limited, especially for blue ones. In addition, the molecular configurations of emitters are usually complicated, indicative of high costs. In this study, two simple-structured thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters M1 and its polymer P1 were synthesized with acridine as a donor and benzophenone as an acceptor. Solution-processed OLEDs were prepared based on M1 and P1 as doped light-emitting layer, and M1-based doped device could achieve maximum external quantum efficiency of up to 20.6% with blue-light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasen Zhang
- College of material science and engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Fei
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mengyu Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liang Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - XiaoLi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of material science and engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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8
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Khammultri P, Kitisriworaphan W, Chasing P, Namuangruk S, Sudyoadsuk T, Promarak V. Efficient white light-emitting polymers from dual thermally activated delayed fluorescence chromophores for non-doped solution processed white electroluminescent devices. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01541e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated TADF copolymers comprised of two TADF molecules linked with carbazole exhibited stable pure white emission from non-doped OLEDs with CIE coordinates (0.32, 0.35), a maximum luminance efficiency of 9.13 cd A−1, and a maximum EQE of 4.17%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praetip Khammultri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Molecular Science & Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Wangchan
- Thailand
| | - Wipaporn Kitisriworaphan
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science
- Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Chasing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Molecular Science & Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Wangchan
- Thailand
| | - Supawadee Namuangruk
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC)
- National Science and Technology Development Agency
- Pathum Thani
- Thailand
| | - Taweesak Sudyoadsuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Molecular Science & Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Wangchan
- Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- School of Molecular Science & Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Wangchan
- Thailand
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9
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Rao J, Yang L, Li X, Zhao L, Wang S, Ding J, Wang L. Meta Junction Promoting Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Donor‐Acceptor Conjugated Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17903-17909. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Shumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Junqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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10
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Rao J, Yang L, Li X, Zhao L, Wang S, Ding J, Wang L. Meta Junction Promoting Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Donor‐Acceptor Conjugated Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Shumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Junqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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11
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Yin X, He Y, Wang X, Wu Z, Pang E, Xu J, Wang JA. Recent Advances in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Polymer-Molecular Designing Strategies. Front Chem 2020; 8:725. [PMID: 32923428 PMCID: PMC7457026 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials, as the third generation of organic electroluminescent materials, have many advantages over other organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) materials, such as 100% internal quantum efficiency, no doping of heavy metals, and avoiding the shortages of ordinary fluorescent materials and phosphorescent materials. So it is considered to be the most competitive organic light-emitting materials, and has great application prospects in the field of OLEDs. So far, small-molecule TADF materials have achieved high quantum yield and full-color range of red, green, and blue. However, TADF polymers suitable for low-cost and easily scalable solution processing are less developed, which are confined by the preparation methods and polymers designing, and there are still challenges of increasing quantum efficiency and strengthening device performance. This review mainly summarizes different synthesis strategies of TADF polymers and the latest development in the field. Special attention is focused on illustrating the designing and structure-property relationship of TADF polymers, and finally, an outlook is given for the design and application prospect of TADF polymers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zexin Wu
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erbao Pang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-An Wang
- Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Zhan H, Wang Y, Li K, Chen Y, Yi X, Bai K, Xie G, Cheng Y. Saturated Red Electroluminescence From Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Conjugated Polymers. Front Chem 2020; 8:332. [PMID: 32426326 PMCID: PMC7212419 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two sets of conjugated polymers with anthraquinone groups as pendant acceptors were designed and synthesized. The acceptor is tethered to an diphenylamine group via a phenylene bridge, constructing a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) unit, which is embedded into the polymer backbone through its donor fragment, while the backbone is composed of dibenzothiophene-S, S-dioxide and 2, 7-fluorene or 2, 7-carbazole groups. The polymers show distinct TADF characteristics, confirmed by transient photoluminescence spectra and theoretical calculations. The carbazole-based polymers exhibit shorter delay lifetimes and lower energy emission relative to the fluorene-based polymers. The non-doped organic light-emitting diodes fabricated via solution processing approach produce efficient red emissions with the wavelengths of 625-646 nm. The carbazole containing polymer with 2% molar content of the TADF unit exhibits the best maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.6% and saturated red electroluminescence with the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.62, 0.37).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Kuofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yuannan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohu Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Keyan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence From Molecular Aggregates (South China University of Technology), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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13
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Rao J, Liu X, Li X, Yang L, Zhao L, Wang S, Ding J, Wang L. Bridging Small Molecules to Conjugated Polymers: Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence with a Methyl‐Substituted Phenylene Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1320-1326. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Shumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Junqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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Rao J, Liu X, Li X, Yang L, Zhao L, Wang S, Ding J, Wang L. Bridging Small Molecules to Conjugated Polymers: Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence with a Methyl‐Substituted Phenylene Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Shumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Junqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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15
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Zhang B, Xie Z. Recent Applications of Interfacial Exciplex as Ideal Host of Power-Efficient OLEDs. Front Chem 2019; 7:306. [PMID: 31134183 PMCID: PMC6514091 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, exploring the applications of intermolecular donor-acceptor exciplex couple as host of OLEDs with phosphorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) or fluorescence emitter as dopant is a hot topic. Compared to other host strategies, interfacial exciplex has the advantage in various aspects, such as barrier-free charge injection, unimpeded charge transport, and the energy-saving direct exciton formation process at the “Well”-like heterojunction interface region. Most importantly, due to a very fast and efficient reverse intersystem-crossing (RISC) process, such a host is capable of regulating singlet/triplet exciton populations in itself as well as in the dopant emitters both under photoluminescent (PL) and electroluminescent (EL) driving conditions. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize and comment on recent applications of this ideal host in OLEDs (including both thermal-evaporation OLEDs and solution-processed OLEDs) with diverse emitters, e.g., fluorescence, phosphorescence, delayed fluorescence, or others. Special attention is given to illustrate the peculiar achievement of high overall EL performance with superiorities of low driving voltages, slow roll-off rate, high power efficiencies and satisfied device lifetime using this host strategy, which is then concluded by personal perspectives on the relevant next-step in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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