1
|
Waeterschoot J, Gosselé W, Lemež Š, Casadevall I Solvas X. Artificial cells for in vivo biomedical applications through red blood cell biomimicry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2504. [PMID: 38509073 PMCID: PMC10954685 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research in artificial cell production holds promise for the development of delivery agents with therapeutic effects akin to real cells. To succeed in these applications, these systems need to survive the circulatory conditions. In this review we present strategies that, inspired by the endurance of red blood cells, have enhanced the viability of large, cell-like vehicles for in vivo therapeutic use, particularly focusing on giant unilamellar vesicles. Insights from red blood cells can guide modifications that could transform these platforms into advanced drug delivery vehicles, showcasing biomimicry's potential in shaping the future of therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorik Waeterschoot
- Department of Biosystems - MeBioS, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Willemien Gosselé
- Department of Biosystems - MeBioS, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Špela Lemež
- Department of Biosystems - MeBioS, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goh MWS, Tozawa Y, Tero R. Assembly of Cell-Free Synthesized Ion Channel Molecules in Artificial Lipid Bilayer Observed by Atomic Force Microscopy. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:854. [PMID: 37999340 PMCID: PMC10673230 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Artificial lipid bilayer systems, such as vesicles, black membranes, and supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), are valuable platforms for studying ion channels at the molecular level. The reconstitution of the ion channels in an active form is a crucial process in studies using artificial lipid bilayer systems. In this study, we investigated the assembly of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel prepared in a cell-free synthesis system. AFM topographies revealed the presence of protrusions with a uniform size in the entire SLB that was prepared with the proteoliposomes (PLs) incorporating the cell-free-synthesized hERG channel. We attributed the protrusions to hERG channel monomers, taking into consideration the AFM tip size, and identified assembled structures of the monomer that exhibited dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric-like arrangements. We observed molecular images of the functional hERG channel reconstituted in a lipid bilayer membrane using AFM and quantitatively evaluated the association state of the cell-free synthesized hERG channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melvin Wei Shern Goh
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Tozawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan;
| | - Ryugo Tero
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sato M, Hariyama M, Komiya M, Suzuki K, Tozawa Y, Yamamoto H, Hirano-Iwata A. Model-free idealization: Adaptive integrated approach for idealization of ion-channel currents. Biophys J 2023; 122:3959-3975. [PMID: 37634080 PMCID: PMC10560676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-channel electrophysiological recordings provide insights into transmembrane ion permeation and channel gating mechanisms. The first step in the analysis of the recorded currents involves an "idealization" process, in which noisy raw data are classified into two discrete levels corresponding to the open and closed states of channels. This provides valuable information on the gating kinetics of ion channels. However, the idealization step is often challenging in cases of currents with poor signal-to-noise ratios and baseline drifts, especially when the gating model of the target channel is not identified. We report herein on a highly robust model-free idealization method for achieving this goal. The algorithm, called adaptive integrated approach for idealization of ion-channel currents (AI2), is composed of Kalman filter and Gaussian mixture model clustering and functions without user input. AI2 automatically determines the noise reduction setting based on the degree of separation between the open and closed levels. We validated the method on pseudo-channel-current datasets that contain either computed or experimentally recorded noise. We also investigated the relationship between the noise reduction parameter of the Kalman filter and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter. The AI2 algorithm was then tested on actual experimental data for biological channels including gramicidin A, a voltage-gated sodium channel, and other unidentified channels. We compared the idealization results with those obtained by the conventional methods, including the 50%-threshold-crossing method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Sato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masanori Hariyama
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Maki Komiya
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kae Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan; Epsilon Molecular Engineering, Inc, Open Innovation Center in Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Tozawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Artificial cell design: reconstructing biology for life science applications. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:619-627. [PMID: 36398710 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Artificial cells are developed to redesign novel biological functions in a programmable and tunable manner. Although it aims to reconstitute living cell features and address 'origin of life' related questions, rapid development over the years has transformed artificial cells into an engineering tool with huge potential in applied biotechnology. Although the application of artificial cells was introduced decades ago as drug carriers, applications in other sectors are relatively new and could become possible with the technological advancement that can modulate its designing principles. Artificial cells are non-living system that includes no prerequisite designing modules for their formation and therefore allow freedom of assembling desired biological machinery within a physical boundary devoid of complex contemporary living-cell counterparts. As stimuli-responsive biomimetic tools, artificial cells are programmed to sense the surrounding, recognise their target, activate its function and perform the defined task. With the advantage of their customised design, artificial cells are being studied in biosensing, drug delivery, anti-cancer therapeutics or artificial photosynthesis type fields. This mini-review highlights those advanced fields where artificial cells with a minimalistic setup are developed as user-defined custom-made microreactors, targeting to reshape our future 'life'.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kageyama H, Ma T, Sato M, Komiya M, Tadaki D, Hirano-Iwata A. New Aspects of Bilayer Lipid Membranes for the Analysis of Ion Channel Functions. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12090863. [PMID: 36135882 PMCID: PMC9501126 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) is the main structural component of cell membranes, in which various membrane proteins are embedded. Artificially formed BLMs have been used as a platform in studies of the functions of membrane proteins, including various ion channels. In this review, we summarize recent advances that have been made on artificial BLM systems for the analysis of ion channel functions. We focus on two BLM-based systems, cell-membrane mimicry and four-terminal BLM systems. As a cell-membrane-mimicking system, an efficient screening platform for the evaluation of drug side effects that act on a cell-free synthesized channel has been developed, and its prospects for use in personalized medicine will be discussed. In the four-terminal BLMs, we introduce "lateral voltage" to BLM systems as a novel input to regulate channel activities, in addition to the traditional transmembrane voltages. Such state-of-the-art technologies and new system setups are predicted to pave the way for a variety of applications, in both fundamental physiology and in drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Kageyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Teng Ma
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-2-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Madoka Sato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Maki Komiya
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tadaki
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-2-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Han WB, Kang DH, Kim TS. 3D Artificial Cell Membranes as Versatile Platforms for Biological Applications. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-022-00066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Capability of Polyunsaturated Phosphatidylcholine for Non-raft Domain Formation in Cholesterol-containing Lipid Bilayers. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2022-015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
8
|
Quenching Efficiency of Quantum Dots Conjugated to Lipid Bilayers on Graphene Oxide Evaluated by Fluorescence Single Particle Tracking. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12083733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A single particle observation of quantum dots (QDs) was performed on lipid bilayers formed on graphene oxide (GO). The long-range fluorescence quenching of GO has been applied to biosensing for various biomolecules. We demonstrated the single particle observation of a QD on supported lipid bilayers in this study, aiming to detect the quenching efficiency of lipid and protein molecules in a lipid bilayer by fluorescence single particle tacking (SPT). A single lipid bilayer or double lipid bilayers were formed on GO flakes deposited on a thermally oxidized silicon substrate by the vesicle fusion method. The QDs were conjugated on the lipid bilayers, and single particle images of the QDs were obtained under the quenching effect of GO. The quenching efficiency of a single QD was evaluated from the fluorescence intensities on the regions with and without GO. The quenching efficiency reflecting the layer numbers of the lipid bilayers was obtained.
Collapse
|
9
|
Moghimianavval H, Hsu YY, Groaz A, Liu AP. In Vitro Reconstitution Platforms of Mammalian Cell-Free Expressed Membrane Proteins. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2433:105-120. [PMID: 34985740 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1998-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins are essential components in cell membranes and enable cells to communicate with their outside environment and to carry out intracellular signaling. Functional reconstitution of complex membrane proteins using cell-free expression (CFE) systems has been proved to be challenging mainly due to the lack of necessary machinery for proper folding and translocation of nascent membrane proteins and their delivery to the supplied synthetic bilayers. Here, we provide protocols for detergent-free, cell-free reconstitution of functional membrane proteins using HeLa-based CFE system and outline assays for studying their membrane insertion, topology, and their orientation upon incorporation into the supported lipid bilayers or bilayers of giant unilamellar vesicles as well as methods to isolate functional translocated cell-free produced membrane proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen-Yu Hsu
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Labbé E, Buriez O. Electrode‐supported and free‐standing bilayer lipid membranes: Formation and uses in molecular electrochemistry. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Labbé
- PASTEUR Département de Chimie Ecole Normale Supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université CNRS Paris 75005 France
| | - Olivier Buriez
- PASTEUR Département de Chimie Ecole Normale Supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université CNRS Paris 75005 France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma T, Sato M, Komiya M, Kanomata K, Watanabe T, Feng X, Miyata R, Tadaki D, Hirose F, Tozawa Y, Hirano-Iwata A. Lateral voltage as a new input for artificial lipid bilayer systems. Faraday Discuss 2021; 233:244-256. [PMID: 34874047 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00045d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we propose lateral voltage as a new input for use in artificial lipid bilayer systems in addition to the commonly used transmembrane voltage. To apply a lateral voltage to bilayer lipid membranes, we fabricated electrode-equipped silicon and Teflon chips. The Si chips could be used for photodetector devices based on fullerene-doped lipid bilayers, and the Teflon chips were used in a study of the ion channel functions in the lipid bilayer. The findings indicate that the lateral voltage effectively regulates the transmembrane current, in both ion-channel-incorporated and fullerene-incorporated lipid bilayer systems, suggesting that the lateral voltage is a practicable and useful additional input for use in lipid bilayer systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan. .,Core Research Cluster, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahirano, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Madoka Sato
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Maki Komiya
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kensaku Kanomata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Takaya Watanabe
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Xingyao Feng
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Miyata
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tadaki
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Tozawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan. .,Core Research Cluster, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahirano, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Non-raft submicron domain formation in cholesterol-containing lipid bilayers induced by polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112235. [PMID: 34891064 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Domain formation in "HLC" ternary lipid bilayers, comprising a high transition temperature (High-Tm) lipid, a Low-Tm lipid, and cholesterol (Chol), has been extensively studied as raft-resembling systems. Recently, we reported the formation of submicron domains in an "LLC" lipid bilayer, encompassing Low-Tm phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), Low-Tm phosphatidylcholine (PC), and Chol. We hypothesized that the formation of this unique domain is driven by polyunsaturated PE. In this study, we explored the effects of the degree of PE unsaturation and the double bond distribution at the sn-position on the mechanism of formation and the composition of submicron domains. Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), comprising PE with various degrees of unsaturation, monounsaturated PC (POPC), and Chol, were investigated using fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and the force-distance curve measurement. The area fraction of submicron domains in PE+POPC+Chol-SLB increased with the PE concentration and degree of unsaturation of the PE acyl chain. The results indicated that the submicron domains were enriched with polyunsaturated PE and were in the liquid-disordered-like state, whereas their surrounding regions were in the liquid-ordered-like state. Segregation of polyunsaturated PE from the Chol-containing region generated submicron domains in the LLC lipid bilayer. We propose a mechanism for the formation of these submicron domains based on molecular interactions involving the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of the bilayer membrane.
Collapse
|
13
|
Hörning M, Bullmann T, Shibata T. Local Membrane Curvature Pins and Guides Excitable Membrane Waves in Chemotactic and Macropinocytic Cells - Biomedical Insights From an Innovative Simple Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:670943. [PMID: 34604207 PMCID: PMC8479871 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.670943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PIP3 dynamics observed in membranes are responsible for the protruding edge formation in cancer and amoeboid cells. The mechanisms that maintain those PIP3 domains in three-dimensional space remain elusive, due to limitations in observation and analysis techniques. Recently, a strong relation between the cell geometry, the spatial confinement of the membrane, and the excitable signal transduction system has been revealed by Hörning and Shibata (2019) using a novel 3D spatiotemporal analysis methodology that enables the study of membrane signaling on the entire membrane (Hörning and Shibata, 2019). Here, using 3D spatial fluctuation and phase map analysis on actin polymerization inhibited Dictyostelium cells, we reveal a spatial asymmetry of PIP3 signaling on the membrane that is mediated by the contact perimeter of the plasma membrane — the spatial boundary around the cell-substrate adhered area on the plasma membrane. We show that the contact perimeter guides PIP3 waves and acts as a pinning site of PIP3 phase singularities, that is, the center point of spiral waves. The contact perimeter serves as a diffusion influencing boundary that is regulated by a cell size- and shape-dependent curvature. Our findings suggest an underlying mechanism that explains how local curvature can favor actin polymerization when PIP3 domains get pinned at the curved protrusive membrane edges in amoeboid cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Hörning
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Torsten Bullmann
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tatsuo Shibata
- Laboratory for Physical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Goh MWS, Tero R. Cholesterol-induced microdomain formation in lipid bilayer membranes consisting of completely miscible lipids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183626. [PMID: 33901442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that a ternary lipid bilayer comprising phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), which were both derived from chicken egg, and cholesterol (Chol) generates microdomains that function as specific fusion sites for proteoliposomes. Chol-induced microdomain formation in a completely miscible lipid bilayer is an exceptional phenomenon. Numerous studies have elucidated the formation of domains in liquid ordered (Lo) and liquid disordered (Ld) phases of ternary bilayers, which comprise two partially miscible lipids and Chol. Herein, we investigated the composition and mechanism of formation of these unique microdomains in supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) using a fluorescence microscope and an atomic force microscope (AFM). We prepared ternary SLBs using egg-derived PC (eggPC), Chol and three different types of PE: egg-derived PE, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-PE, and 1,2-didocosahexaenoyl-PE (diDHPE). Fluorescence microscopy observations revealed that fluid and continuous SLBs were formed at PE concentrations (CPE) of ≥6 mol%. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurement revealed that the microdomain was more fluid than the surrounding region that showed typical diffusion coefficient of the Lo phase. The microdomains were observed as depressions in the AFM topographies. Their area fraction (θ) increased with CPE, and diDHPE produced a significantly large θ among the three PEs. The microdomains in the PE+eggPC+Chol-SLBs were rich in polyunsaturated PE and were in the Ld-like phase. Associating eggPC and Chol caused polyunsaturated PE to segregate, resulting in a microdomain formation by conferring the umbrella effect on Chol, entropic effect of disordered acyl chains, and π-π interactions in the hydrophobic core.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melvin Wei Shern Goh
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Ryugo Tero
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma T, Sato M, Komiya M, Feng X, Tadaki D, Hirano-Iwata A. Advances in Artificial Bilayer Lipid Membranes as a Novel Biosensing Platform: From Drug-screening to Self-assembled Devices. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Madoka Sato
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Maki Komiya
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Xingyao Feng
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tadaki
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication (RIEC), 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Parallel Recordings of Transmembrane hERG Channel Currents Based on Solvent-Free Lipid Bilayer Microarray. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12010098. [PMID: 33478052 PMCID: PMC7835820 DOI: 10.3390/mi12010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The reconstitution of ion-channel proteins in artificially formed bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) forms a well-defined system for the functional analysis of ion channels and screening of the effects of drugs that act on these proteins. To improve the efficiency of the BLM reconstitution system, we report on a microarray of stable solvent-free BLMs formed in microfabricated silicon (Si) chips, where micro-apertures with well-defined nano- and micro-tapered edges were fabricated. Sixteen micro-wells were manufactured in a chamber made of Teflon®, and the Si chips were individually embedded in the respective wells as a recording site. Typically, 11 to 16 BLMs were simultaneously formed with an average BLM number of 13.1, which corresponded to a formation probability of 82%. Parallel recordings of ion-channel activities from multiple BLMs were successfully demonstrated using the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel, of which the relation to arrhythmic side effects following drug treatment is well recognized.
Collapse
|