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Rahman MA, Endo H, Yamamoto T, Okushiba S, Sasaki N, Nokami T. Synthesis of cyclic β-1,6-oligosaccharides from glucosamine monomers by electrochemical polyglycosylation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1421-1427. [PMID: 38952959 PMCID: PMC11216080 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of protected precursors of cyclic β-1,6-oligoglucosamines from thioglycosides as monomers is performed by electrochemical polyglycosylation. The monomer with a 2,3-oxazolidinone protecting group afforded the cyclic disaccharide exclusively. Cyclic oligosaccharides up to the trisaccharide were obtained using the monomer with a 2-azido-2-deoxy group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Azadur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Endo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Shoma Okushiba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-minami, Tottori city, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
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2
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Kashiwagi GA, Petrosilli L, Escopy S, Lay L, Stine KJ, De Meo C, Demchenko AV. HPLC-Based Automated Synthesis and Purification of Carbohydrates. Chemistry 2024:e202401214. [PMID: 38684455 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Reported herein is a new HPLC-based automated synthesizer (HPLC-A) capable of a temperature-controlled synthesis and purification of carbohydrates. The developed platform allows to perform various protecting group manipulations as well as the synthesis of O- and N-glycosides. A fully automated synthesis and purification was showcased in application to different carbohydrate derivatives including glycosides, oligosaccharides, glycopeptides, glycolipids, and nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Kashiwagi
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Laura Petrosilli
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Samira Escopy
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, 63121, USA
| | - Cristina De Meo
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 1 Hairpin Dr., Edwardsville, Illinois, 62025, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
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3
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Czaikowski ME, Anferov SW, Anderson JS. Metal-ligand cooperativity in chemical electrosynthesis. CHEM CATALYSIS 2024; 4:100922. [PMID: 38799408 PMCID: PMC11115383 DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2024.100922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemistry has been an increasingly useful tool for organic synthesis, as it can selectively generate reactive intermediates under mild conditions using an applied potential. Concurrently, synergistic activity of a metal and a ligand has been used in thermal catalysis and electrocatalytic renewable fuel generation for substrate selectivity and improved catalyst activity. Combining these synthetic strategies is an attractive approach for mild, selective, and sustainable electrosynthesis. This perspective discusses examples of metal-ligand synergistic catalysis in electrochemical applications in organic and organometallic synthesis. The range of reactions and ligand design principles illustrates many opportunities for further discovery in this area and the potential for far-reaching synthetic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia E. Czaikowski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60627, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Sophie W. Anferov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60627, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - John S. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60627, USA
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Shibuya A, Ishisaka Y, Saito A, Kato M, Manmode S, Komatsu H, Rahman MA, Sasaki N, Itoh T, Nokami T. Electrochemical synthesis of the protected cyclic (1,3;1,6)-β-glucan dodecasaccharide. Faraday Discuss 2023; 247:59-69. [PMID: 37466008 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00045a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Automated electrochemical assembly is an electrochemical method to synthesise middle-sized molecules, including linear oligosaccharides, and some linear oligosaccharides can be electrochemically converted into the corresponding cyclic oligosaccharides effectively. In this study, the target cyclic oligosaccharide is a protected cyclic (1,3;1,6)-β-glucan dodecasaccharide, which consists of two types of glucose trisaccharides with β-(1,3)- and β-(1,6)-glycosidic linkages. The formation of the protected cyclic dodecasaccharide was confirmed by the electrochemical one-pot dimerisation-cyclisation of the semi-circular hexasaccharide. The yield of the protected cyclic dodecasaccharide was improved by using a stepwise synthesis via the linear dodecasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Shibuya
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan.
| | - Yui Ishisaka
- Graduate School of Sustainable Science, Tottori University, Japan
| | - Asuka Saito
- Graduate School of Sustainable Science, Tottori University, Japan
| | - Moeko Kato
- Graduate School of Sustainable Science, Tottori University, Japan
| | - Sujit Manmode
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Komatsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan
| | | | - Norihiko Sasaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan.
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Itoh
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan.
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan.
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Japan
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5
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Matsumoto K, Hayashi Y, Hamasaki K, Matsuse M, Suzuki H, Nishiwaki K, Kawashita N. Electrogenerated base-promoted cyclopropanation using alkyl 2-chloroacetates. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1116-1122. [PMID: 36105721 PMCID: PMC9443391 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction conditions of the reaction of alkyl 2-chloroacetates in Bu4NBr/DMF using a divided cell equipped with Pt electrodes to produce the corresponding cyclopropane derivatives in moderate yields were discovered. The reaction conditions were optimized, the scope and limitations, as well as scale-up reactions were investigated. The presented method for the electrochemical production of cyclopropane derivatives is an environmentally friendly and easy to perform synthetic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yuta Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kengo Hamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Mizuki Matsuse
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiyono Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Norihito Kawashita
- Department of Life Science, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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6
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Endo H, Ochi M, Rahman MA, Hamada T, Kawano T, Nokami T. Synthesis of cyclic α-1,4-oligo- N-acetylglucosamine 'cyclokasaodorin' via a one-pot electrochemical polyglycosylation-isomerization-cyclization process. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7948-7951. [PMID: 35748909 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02287g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of unnatural cyclic oligosaccharides composed of N-acetylglucosamine with α-1,4-glycosidic linkages has been accomplished. A thioglycoside monomer equipped with the 2,3-oxazolidinone protecting group was used to prepare linear oligosaccharides by electrochemical polyglycosylation. In the same pot, isomerization of the linear oligosaccharides and intramolecular electrochemical glycosylation for cyclization were also conducted sequentially to obtain the precursor of the cyclic α-1,4-oligo-N-acetylglucosamine 'cyclokasaodorin'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Endo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho Minami, Tottori City, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Ochi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho Minami, Tottori City, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan.
| | - Md Azadur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho Minami, Tottori City, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Hamada
- Koganei Corporation, 3-11-28 Midorimachi, Koganei City, 184-8533 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawano
- Koganei Corporation, 3-11-28 Midorimachi, Koganei City, 184-8533 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho Minami, Tottori City, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan. .,Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho Minami, Tottori City, 680-8552 Tottori, Japan
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7
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Shibuya A, Kato M, Saito A, Manmode S, Nishikori N, Itoh T, Nagaki A, Nokami T. Glycosyl Dioxalenium Ions as Reactive Intermediates of Automated Electrochemical Assembly. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Shibuya
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
| | - Moeko Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
| | - Asuka Saito
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
| | - Sujit Manmode
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
| | - Naoto Nishikori
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
- Center for Research on Green and Sustainable Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto city 615-8510 Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
- Center for Research on Green and Sustainable Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Tottori University 4-101 Koyamachominami, Tottori city 680-8552 Tottori Japan
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8
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Escopy S, Demchenko AV. Transition-Metal-Mediated Glycosylation with Thioglycosides. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103747. [PMID: 34935219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thioglycosides are among the most common glycosyl donors that find broad application in the synthesis of glycans and glycoconjugates. However, the requirement for toxic and/or large access of activators needed for common glycosylations with thioglycosides remains a notable drawback. Due to the increased awareness of the chemical waste impact on the environment, synthetic studies have been driven by the goal of finding non-toxic reagents. The main focus of this review is to highlight recent methods for thioglycoside activation that rely on transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Escopy
- University of Missouri - St. Louis, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Saint Louis University, Chemistry, 3501 Laclede Ave, 63103, St. Louis, UNITED STATES
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