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Salama A, Tolba E, Saleh AK, Cruz-Maya I, Alvarez-Perez MA, Guarino V. Biomineralization of Polyelectrolyte-Functionalized Electrospun Fibers: Optimization and In Vitro Validation for Bone Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:253. [PMID: 38667264 PMCID: PMC11048701 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polyelectrolytes have been successfully used as an alternative to non-collagenous proteins to promote interfibrillar biomineralization, to reproduce the spatial intercalation of mineral phases among collagen fibrils, and to design bioinspired scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration. Herein, hybrid nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning, by using a mixture of Poly ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and cationic cellulose derivatives, i.e., cellulose-bearing imidazolium tosylate (CIMD). The obtained fibers were self-assembled with Sodium Alginate (SA) by polyelectrolyte interactions with CIMD onto the fiber surface and, then, treated with simulated body fluid (SBF) to promote the precipitation of calcium phosphate (CaP) deposits. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of SA and CaP, while SEM equipped with EDX analysis mapped the calcium phosphate constituent elements, estimating an average Ca/P ratio of about 1.33-falling in the range of biological apatites. Moreover, in vitro studies have confirmed the good response of mesenchymal cells (hMSCs) on biomineralized samples, since day 3, with a significant improvement in the presence of SA, due to the interaction of SA with CaP deposits. More interestingly, after a decay of metabolic activity on day 7, a relevant increase in cell proliferation can be recognized, in agreement with the beginning of the differentiation phase, confirmed by ALP results. Antibacterial tests performed by using different bacteria populations confirmed that nanofibers with an SA-CIMD complex show an optimal inhibitory response against S. mutans, S. aureus, and E. coli, with no significant decay due to the effect of CaP, in comparison with non-biomineralized controls. All these data suggest a promising use of these biomineralized fibers as bioinspired membranes with efficient antimicrobial and osteoconductive cues suitable to support bone healing/regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Salama
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Emad Tolba
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K. Saleh
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Iriczalli Cruz-Maya
- Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marco A. Alvarez-Perez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, DEPeI, School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy;
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Goldshmid R, Simaan-Yameen H, Ifergan L, Loebel C, Burdick JA, Seliktar D. Modulus-dependent effects on neurogenic, myogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional hydrogel cultures. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1441-1458. [PMID: 37066837 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are of significant interest as a renewable source of therapeutically useful cells. In tissue engineering, hMSCs are implanted within a scaffold to provide enhanced capacity for tissue repair. The present study evaluates how mechanical properties of that scaffold can alter the phenotype and genotype of the cells, with the aim of augmenting hMSC differentiation along the myogenic, neurogenic or chondrogenic linages. The hMSCs were grown three-dimensionally (3D) in a hydrogel comprised of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-conjugated to fibrinogen. The hydrogel's shear storage modulus (G'), which was controlled by increasing the amount of PEG-diacrylate cross-linker in the matrix, was varied in the range of 100-2000 Pascal (Pa). The differentiation into each lineage was initiated by a defined culture medium, and the hMSCs grown in the different modulus hydrogels were characterized using gene and protein expression. Materials having lower storage moduli (G' = 100 Pa) exhibited more hMSCs differentiating to neurogenic lineages. Myogenesis was favored in materials having intermediate modulus values (G' = 500 Pa), whereas chondrogenesis was favored in materials with a higher modulus (G' = 1000 Pa). Enhancing the differentiation pathway of hMSCs in 3D hydrogel scaffolds using simple modifications to mechanical properties represents an important achievement toward the effective application of these cells in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revital Goldshmid
- The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- The Interdisciplinary Program for Biotechnology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Haneen Simaan-Yameen
- The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- The Interdisciplinary Program for Biotechnology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Liaura Ifergan
- The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Claudia Loebel
- Materials Science & Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Dror Seliktar
- The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Mineralized Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Incorporating Cellulose Nanofibrils for Bone and Wound Healing. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030697. [PMID: 35163962 PMCID: PMC8838367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bio sustainable hydrogels including tunable morphological and/or chemical cues currently offer a valid strategy of designing innovative systems to enhance healing/regeneration processes of damaged tissue areas. In this work, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (T-CNFs) were embedded in alginate (Alg) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution to form a stable mineralized hydrogel. A calcium chloride reaction was optimized to trigger a crosslinking reaction of polymer chains and mutually promote in situ mineralization of calcium phosphates. FTIR, XRD, SEM/EDAX, and TEM were assessed to investigate the morphological, chemical, and physical properties of different mineralized hybrid hydrogels, confirming differences in the deposited crystalline nanostructures, i.e., dicalcium phosphate dehydrate (DCPDH) and hydroxyapatite, respectively, as a function of applied pH conditions (i.e., pH 4 or 8). Moreover, in vitro tests, in the presence of HFB-4 and HSF skin cells, confirmed a low cytotoxicity of the mineralized hybrid hydrogels, and also highlighted a significant increase in cell viability via MTT tests, preferentially, for the low concentration, crosslinked Alg/PVA/calcium phosphate hybrid materials (<1 mg/mL) in the presence of hydroxyapatite. These preliminary results suggest a promising use of mineralized hybrid hydrogels based on Alg/PVA/T-CNFs for bone and wound healing applications.
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Electrical Stimulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in 3D Nanofibrillar Cellulose Increases Their Osteogenic Potential. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121696. [PMID: 33353222 PMCID: PMC7766661 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the ageing population, there is a steadily increasing incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. As conventional pharmacological therapy options for osteoporosis are often associated with severe side effects, bone grafts are still considered the clinical gold standard. However, the availability of viable, autologous bone grafts is limited making alternative cell-based strategies a promising therapeutic alternative. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a readily available population of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that can be isolated within minimally invasive surgery. This ease of availability and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation makes ASCs promising candidates for cell-based therapies for bone fractures. Recent studies have suggested that both exposure to electrical fields and cultivation in 3D can positively affect osteogenic potential of MSCs. To elucidate the osteoinductive potential of a combination of these biophysical cues on ASCs, cells were embedded within anionic nanofibrillar cellulose (aNFC) hydrogels and exposed to electrical stimulation (ES) for up to 21 days. ES was applied to ASCs in 2D and 3D at a voltage of 0.1 V/cm with a duration of 0.04 ms, and a frequency of 10 Hz for 30 min per day. Exposure of ASCs to ES in 3D resulted in high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and in an increased mineralisation evidenced by Alizarin Red S staining. Moreover, ES in 3D aNFC led to an increased expression of the osteogenic markers osteopontin and osteocalcin and a rearrangement and alignment of the actin cytoskeleton. Taken together, our data suggest that a combination of ES with 3D cell culture can increase the osteogenic potential of ASCs. Thus, exposure of ASCs to these biophysical cues might improve the clinical outcomes of regenerative therapies in treatment of osteoporotic fractures.
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He J, Hu X, Cao J, Zhang Y, Xiao J, Peng L, Chen D, Xiong C, Zhang L. Chitosan-coated hydroxyapatite and drug-loaded polytrimethylene carbonate/polylactic acid scaffold for enhancing bone regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 253:117198. [PMID: 33278972 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible polymers and drug-delivery scaffolds have driven development in bone regeneration. In this study, we fabricated a chitosan (CS)-coated polytrimethylene carbonate (PTMC)/polylactic acid (PLLA)/oleic acid-modified hydroxyapatite (OA-HA)/vancomycin hydrochloride (VH) microsphere scaffold for drug release with excellent biocompatibility. The incorporation of PLLA, OA-HA, and VH into PTMC microspheres not only slowed the biodegradability of the scaffold but also enhanced its mechanical properties and surface properties. Moreover, the CS coating stimulated extensive adhesion of osteoblasts before OA-HA incorporation, which facilitated the controlled release of OA-HA. The scaffolds were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, in vitro comprehensive performance testing, cell culturing, and microcomputer tomography scanning. The results indicated that the surface of the composite microsphere scaffold was suitable for osteoblast adhesion. Additionally, the release of OA-HA stimulated osteogenic proliferation. Our findings suggest that the CS-PTMC/PLLA/OA-HA/VH microsphere scaffold is promising for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xulin Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianfei Cao
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technology University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianping Xiao
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - liJun Peng
- Changzhou Institude of Chemistry, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengdong Xiong
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Serrano-Bello J, Cruz-Maya I, Suaste-Olmos F, González-Alva P, Altobelli R, Ambrosio L, Medina LA, Guarino V, Alvarez-Perez MA. In vivo Regeneration of Mineralized Bone Tissue in Anisotropic Biomimetic Sponges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:587. [PMID: 32775319 PMCID: PMC7381345 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, alginate scaffolds have been variously studied as extracellular matrix analogs for tissue engineering. However, relevant evidence is still lacking concerning their ability to mimic the microenvironment of hierarchical tissues such as bone. Hence, an increasing amount of attention has recently been devoted to the fabrication of macro/microporous sponges with pore anisotropy able to more accurately replicate the cell niche structure as a trigger for bioactive functionalities. This paper presents an in vivo study of alginate sponges with anisotropic microporous domains (MAS) formed by ionic crosslinking in the presence of different fractions (30 or 50% v) of hydroxyapatite (HA). In comparison with unloaded sponges (MAS0), we demonstrated that HA confers peculiar physical and biological properties to the sponge, depending upon the inorganic fraction used, enabling the sponge to bio-mimetically support the regeneration of newly formed bone. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a preferential orientation of pores, ascribable to the physical constraints exerted by HA particles during the pore network formation. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed a chemical affinity of HA with the native mineral phase of the bone. In vitro studies via WST-1 assay showed good adhesion and proliferation of human Dental Pulp-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hDP-MSC) that increased in the presence of the bioactive HA signals. Moreover, in vivo studies via micro-CT and histological analyses of a bone model (e.g., a rat calvaria defect) confirmed that the maximum osteogenic response after 90 days was achieved with MAS30, which supported good regeneration of the calvaria defect without any evidence of inflammatory reaction. Hence, all of the results suggested that MAS is a promising scaffold for supporting the regeneration of hard tissues in different body compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeth Serrano-Bello
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iriczalli Cruz-Maya
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.,Institute of Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Fernando Suaste-Olmos
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia González-Alva
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosaria Altobelli
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Luis Alberto Medina
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Antonio Alvarez-Perez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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García-Sánchez D, Fernández D, Rodríguez-Rey JC, Pérez-Campo FM. Enhancing survival, engraftment, and osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:748-763. [PMID: 31692976 PMCID: PMC6828596 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i10.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for bone regeneration therapies due to their plasticity and easiness of sourcing. MSC-based treatments are generally considered a safe procedure, however, the long-term results obtained up to now are far from satisfactory. The main causes of these therapeutic limitations are inefficient homing, engraftment, and osteogenic differentiation. Many studies have proposed modifications to improve MSC engraftment and osteogenic differentiation of the transplanted cells. Several strategies are aimed to improve cell resistance to the hostile microenvironment found in the recipient tissue and increase cell survival after transplantation. These strategies could range from a simple modification of the culture conditions, known as cell-preconditioning, to the genetic modification of the cells to avoid cellular senescence. Many efforts have also been done in order to enhance the osteogenic potential of the transplanted cells and induce bone formation, mainly by the use of bioactive or biomimetic scaffolds, although alternative approaches will also be discussed. This review aims to summarize several of the most recent approaches, providing an up-to-date view of the main developments in MSC-based regenerative techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel García-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Cantabria 39011, Spain
| | - Darío Fernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes W3400, Argentina
| | - José C Rodríguez-Rey
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Cantabria 39011, Spain
| | - Flor M Pérez-Campo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Cantabria 39011, Spain.
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Yilmaz B, Alshemary AZ, Evis Z. Co-doped hydroxyapatites as potential materials for biomedical applications. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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3D Bone Biomimetic Scaffolds for Basic and Translational Studies with Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103150. [PMID: 30322134 PMCID: PMC6213614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized as an attractive tool owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity, and their ability to secrete bioactive molecules and to regulate the behavior of neighboring cells within different tissues. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that cells prefer three-dimensional (3D) to 2D culture conditions, at least because the former are closer to their natural environment. Thus, for in vitro studies and in vivo utilization, great effort is being dedicated to the optimization of MSC 3D culture systems in view of achieving the intended performance. This implies understanding cell–biomaterial interactions and manipulating the physicochemical characteristics of biomimetic scaffolds to elicit a specific cell behavior. In the bone field, biomimetic scaffolds can be used as 3D structures, where MSCs can be seeded, expanded, and then implanted in vivo for bone repair or bioactive molecules release. Actually, the union of MSCs and biomaterial has been greatly improving the field of tissue regeneration. Here, we will provide some examples of recent advances in basic as well as translational research about MSC-seeded scaffold systems. Overall, the proliferation of tools for a range of applications witnesses a fruitful collaboration among different branches of the scientific community.
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Avolio R, D'Albore M, Guarino V, Gentile G, Cocca MC, Zeppetelli S, Errico ME, Avella M, Ambrosio L. Pure titanium particle loaded nanocomposites: study on the polymer/filler interface and hMSC biocompatibility. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:153. [PMID: 27585912 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The integration of inorganic nanoparticles into polymer matrices allows for the modification of physical properties as well as the implementation of new features for unexplored application fields. Here, we propose the study of a new metal/polymer nanocomposite fabricated by dispersing pure Ti nanoparticles into a poly(methylmetacrilate) matrix via solvent casting process, to investigate its potential use as new biomaterial for biomedical applications. We demonstrated that Ti nanoparticles embedded in the poly(methylmetacrilate) matrix can act as reinforcing agent, not negatively influencing the biological response of human mesenchymal stem cell in terms of cytotoxicity and cell viability. As a function of relative amount and surface treatment, Ti nanoparticles may enhance mechanical strength of the composite-ranging from 31.1 ± 2.5 to 43.7 ± 0.7 MPa-also contributing to biological response in terms of adhesion and proliferation mechanisms. In particular, for 1 wt% Ti, treated Ti nanoparticles improve cell materials recognition, as confirmed by higher cell spreading-quantified in terms of cell area via image analysis-locally promoting stronger interactions at cell matrix interface. At this stage, these preliminary results suggest a promising use of pure Ti nanoparticles as filler in polymer composites for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Avolio
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Marietta D'Albore
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad.20, V.le Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad.20, V.le Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gennaro Gentile
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Cocca
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Stefania Zeppetelli
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad.20, V.le Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Emanuela Errico
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Avella
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad.20, V.le Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Materials Technology, National Research Council of Italy, P.le A. Moro, 7, 00185, Rome, Italy
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de Misquita MRDOF, Bentini R, Goncalves F. The performance of bone tissue engineering scaffolds in in vivo animal models: A systematic review. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:625-636. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216656476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is an excellent alternative for the regeneration of large bone defects caused by trauma or bone pathologies. Scaffolds, stem cells, and bioactive molecules are the three key components of bone regeneration. Although a wide range of biomaterials of various compositions and structures has been proposed in the literature, these materials are rarely used in clinical applications. Therefore, more standardized studies are required to design scaffolds that enable better bone regeneration and are suitable for clinical use. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the performance of scaffolds used in preclinical animal studies to determine which class of materials has achieved a higher rate of bone neoformation (osteoinduction and osteoconduction). The selected studies were divided into three groups according to the following experimental models: studies that used subcutaneous models, bone defects in calvaria, and bone defects in long bones. Despite the large number of parameters in the included studies, we generally concluded that biomaterials containing calcium phosphates had important osteoinductive effects and were essential for better performance of the materials. Furthermore, natural polymers generally had better performance than synthetic polymers did, especially when the materials were associated with stem cells. The combination of materials from different classes was the most promising strategy for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flavia Goncalves
- Universidade Ibirapuera – Unidade Chacara Flora, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Guarino V, Veronesi F, Marrese M, Giavaresi G, Ronca A, Sandri M, Tampieri A, Fini M, Ambrosio L. Needle-like ion-doped hydroxyapatite crystals influence osteogenic properties of PCL composite scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:015018. [PMID: 26928781 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/1/015018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Surface topography and chemistry both play a crucial role on influencing cell response in 3D porous scaffolds in terms of osteogenesis. Inorganic materials with peculiar morphology and chemical functionalities may be proficiently used to improve scaffold properties-in the bulk and along pore surface-promoting in vitro and in vivo osseous tissue in-growth. The present study is aimed at investigating how bone regenerative properties of composite scaffolds made of poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) can be augmented by the peculiar properties of Mg(2+) ion doped hydroxyapatite (dHA) crystals, mainly emphasizing the role of crystal shape on cell activities mediated by microstructural properties. At the first stage, the study of mechanical response by crossing experimental compression tests and theoretical simulation via empirical models, allow recognizing a significant contribution of dHA shape factor on scaffold elastic moduli variation as a function of the relative volume fraction. Secondly, the peculiar needle-like shape of dHA crystals also influences microscopic (i.e. crystallinity, adhesion forces) and macroscopic (i.e. roughness) properties with relevant effects on biological response of the composite scaffold: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses clearly indicate a reduction of crystallization heat-from 66.75 to 43.05 J g(-1)-while atomic force microscopy (AFM) ones show a significant increase of roughness-from (78.15 ± 32.71) to (136.13 ± 63.21) nm-and of pull-off forces-from 33.7% to 48.7%. Accordingly, experimental studies with MG-63 osteoblast-like cells show a more efficient in vitro secretion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen I and a more copious in vivo formation of new bone trabeculae, thus suggesting a relevant role of dHA to support the main mechanisms involved in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Guarino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, Department of Chemical Sciences & Materials Technology National Research Council of Italy, Mostra D'Oltremare, Pad.20, V. le Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy
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Mondal D, Griffith M, Venkatraman SS. Polycaprolactone-based biomaterials for tissue engineering and drug delivery: Current scenario and challenges. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2015.1103241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Veronesi F, Giavaresi G, Guarino V, Raucci MG, Sandri M, Tampieri A, Ambrosio L, Fini M. Bioactivity and bone healing properties of biomimetic porous composite scaffold: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:2932-41. [PMID: 25689266 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) represents a valid alternative to traditional surgical therapies for the management of bone defects that do not regenerate spontaneously. Scaffolds, one of the most important component of TE strategy, should be biocompatible, bioactive, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological properties and bone regeneration ability of a porous poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold, incorporating MgCO3 -doped hydroxyapatite particles, uncoated (PCL_MgCHA) or coated by apatite-like crystals via biomimetic treatment (PCL_MgCHAB). It was observed that both scaffolds are not cytotoxic and, even if cell viability was similar on both scaffolds, PCL_MgCHAB showed higher alkaline phosphatase and collagen I (COLL I) production at day 7. PCL_MgCHA induced more tumor necrosis factor-α release than PCL_MgCHAB, while osteocalcin was produced less by both scaffolds up to 7 days and no significant differences were observed for transforming growth factor-β synthesis. The percentage of new bone trabeculae growth in wide defects carried out in rabbit femoral distal epiphyses was significantly higher in PCL_MgCHAB in comparison with PCL_MgCHA at 4 weeks and even more at 12 weeks after implantation. This study highlighted the role of a biomimetic composite scaffold in bone regeneration and lays the foundations for its future employment in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Veronesi
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, 40136, Italy.,Laboratory of Biocompatibility, Technological Innovations, and Advanced Therapies (BITTA), RIT Department, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, Naples, 801025, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, Naples, 801025, Italy
| | - Monica Sandri
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Faenza (RA), Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, Faenza (RA), Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials, Naples, 801025, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, 40136, Italy.,Laboratory of Biocompatibility, Technological Innovations, and Advanced Therapies (BITTA), RIT Department, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, 40136, Italy
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15
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Ghorbani FM, Kaffashi B, Shokrollahi P, Seyedjafari E, Ardeshirylajimi A. PCL/chitosan/Zn-doped nHA electrospun nanocomposite scaffold promotes adipose derived stem cells adhesion and proliferation. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 118:133-42. [PMID: 25542118 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (Ch), and poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), widely used as biomaterials with desirable properties for tissue engineering applications, were both blended with zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles(nZnHA) and electrospun into nanofibrous scaffolds using formic acid/acetic acid. The rationale behind this study was to demonstrate that presence of small quantities of Zn(2+) ions doped in HA nanoparticles can improve biocompatibility of PCL/Ch blends. SEM observation revealed that average fiber diameter was increased from about 136 nm for a PCL/Ch blend, to around 210 nm for PCL/Ch/nZnHA nanocomposite. PCL/Ch/nZnHA scaffolds offered higher elastic modulus (about 3-fold) and tensile strength (nearly 1.5-fold) than the corresponding PCL/Ch scaffolds. In-vitro biocompatibility studies using human adipose derived stem cells (hAD-MSCs), demonstrated that the presence of only 5 wt% nZnHA in PCL/Ch/nZnHA nanocomposites enhanced hAD-MSCs' attachment compared to PCL/Ch and PCL/Ch/nHA. Finally, hAD-MSCs proliferation occurred at significantly higher rates of 1.5, 1.3 and 1.2 times on PCL/Ch/nZnHA scaffold compared to PCL, PCL/Ch and PCL/Ch/nHA, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Kaffashi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvin Shokrollahi
- Department of Biomaterials, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Guarino V, Galizia M, Alvarez-Perez M, Mensitieri G, Ambrosio L. Improving surface and transport properties of macroporous hydrogels for bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:1095-105. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials; National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare Pad. 20, V.le Kennedy 54; 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Michele Galizia
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering; University of Naples Federico II, P.leTecchio 80; 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Marco Alvarez-Perez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, DEPeI, School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n C.P. 04510 Coyoacán; Mexico DF Mexico
| | - Giuseppe Mensitieri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering; University of Naples Federico II, P.leTecchio 80; 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composite and Biomaterials; National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare Pad. 20, V.le Kennedy 54; 80125 Naples Italy
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