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Franco D, Sánchez-Fernández C, García-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E. Exploring the role non-coding RNAs during myocardial cell fate. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:1339-1348. [PMID: 38775188 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial cell fate specification takes place during the early stages of heart development as the precardiac mesoderm is configured into two symmetrical sets of bilateral precursor cells. Molecular cues of the surrounding tissues specify and subsequently determine the early cardiomyocytes, that finally matured as the heart is completed at early postnatal stages. Over the last decade, we have greatly enhanced our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of cardiac development and thus of myocardial cell fate. The recent discovery of a novel layer of gene regulation by non-coding RNAs has flourished their implication in epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of cardiac development. In this review, we revised the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the functional role of non-coding RNAs during myocardial cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Fernández
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos García-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Estefania Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
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2
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Li X, Lin Y, Li W, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Qiu J, Fu Y. Comparative Analysis of mRNA, microRNA of Transcriptome, and Proteomics on CIK Cells Responses to GCRV and Aeromonas hydrophila. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6438. [PMID: 38928143 PMCID: PMC11204273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Grass Carp Reovirus (GCRV) and Aeromonas hydrophila (Ah) are the causative agents of haemorrhagic disease in grass carp. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms and immune responses at the miRNA, mRNA, and protein levels in grass carp kidney cells (CIK) infected by Grass Carp Reovirus (GCRV, NV) and Aeromonas hydrophilus (Bacteria, NB) to gain insight into their pathogenesis. Within 48 h of infection with Grass Carp Reovirus (GCRV), 99 differentially expressed microRNA (DEMs), 2132 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 627 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by sequencing; a total of 92 DEMs, 3162 DEGs, and 712 DEPs were identified within 48 h of infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. It is worth noting that most of the DEGs in the NV group were primarily involved in cellular processes, while most of the DEGs in the NB group were associated with metabolic pathways based on KEGG enrichment analysis. This study revealed that the mechanism of a grass carp haemorrhage caused by GCRV infection differs from that caused by the Aeromonas hydrophila infection. An important miRNA-mRNA-protein regulatory network was established based on comprehensive transcriptome and proteome analysis. Furthermore, 14 DEGs and 6 DEMs were randomly selected for the verification of RNA/small RNA-seq data by RT-qPCR. Our study not only contributes to the understanding of the pathogenesis of grass carp CIK cells infected with GCRV and Aeromonas hydrophila, but also serves as a significant reference value for other aquatic animal haemorrhagic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xike Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yue Lin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuejuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junqiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuanshuai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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3
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Akbar N, Razzaq SS, Salim A, Haneef K. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Their MicroRNAs in Heart Repair and Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:505-522. [PMID: 37875715 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be differentiated into cardiac, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. Therefore, MSC-based therapeutic approaches have the potential to deal with the aftermaths of cardiac diseases. However, transplanted stem cells rarely survive in damaged myocardium, proposing that paracrine factors other than trans-differentiation may involve in heart regeneration. Apart from cytokines/growth factors, MSCs secret small, single-membrane organelles named exosomes. The MSC-secreted exosomes are enriched in lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and microRNA (miRNA). There has been an increasing amount of data that confirmed that MSC-derived exosomes and their active molecule microRNA (miRNAs) regulate signaling pathways involved in heart repair/regeneration. In this review, we systematically present an overview of MSCs, their cardiac differentiation, and the role of MSC-derived exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in heart regeneration. In addition, biological functions regulated by MSC-derived exosomes and exosomal-derived miRNAs in the process of heart regeneration are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nukhba Akbar
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Saima Razzaq
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Haneef
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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4
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Shafi O, Siddiqui G, Jaffry HA. The benign nature and rare occurrence of cardiac myxoma as a possible consequence of the limited cardiac proliferative/ regenerative potential: a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1245. [PMID: 38110859 PMCID: PMC10726542 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac Myxoma is a primary tumor of heart. Its origins, rarity of the occurrence of primary cardiac tumors and how it may be related to limited cardiac regenerative potential, are not yet entirely known. This study investigates the key cardiac genes/ transcription factors (TFs) and signaling pathways to understand these important questions. METHODS Databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar were searched for published articles without any date restrictions, involving cardiac myxoma, cardiac genes/TFs/signaling pathways and their roles in cardiogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, key interactions and tumorigenesis, with focus on cardiomyocytes. RESULTS The cardiac genetic landscape is governed by a very tight control between proliferation and differentiation-related genes/TFs/pathways. Cardiac myxoma originates possibly as a consequence of dysregulations in the gene expression of differentiation regulators including Tbx5, GATA4, HAND1/2, MYOCD, HOPX, BMPs. Such dysregulations switch the expression of cardiomyocytes into progenitor-like state in cardiac myxoma development by dysregulating Isl1, Baf60 complex, Wnt, FGF, Notch, Mef2c and others. The Nkx2-5 and MSX2 contribute predominantly to both proliferation and differentiation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells (CPCs), may possibly serve roles based on the microenvironment and the direction of cell circuitry in cardiac tumorigenesis. The Nkx2-5 in cardiac myxoma may serve to limit progression of tumorigenesis as it has massive control over the proliferation of CPCs. The cardiac cell type-specific genetic programming plays governing role in controlling the tumorigenesis and regenerative potential. CONCLUSION The cardiomyocytes have very limited proliferative and regenerative potential. They survive for long periods of time and tightly maintain the gene expression of differentiation genes such as Tbx5, GATA4 that interact with tumor suppressors (TS) and exert TS like effect. The total effect such gene expression exerts is responsible for the rare occurrence and benign nature of primary cardiac tumors. This prevents the progression of tumorigenesis. But this also limits the regenerative and proliferative potential of cardiomyocytes. Cardiac Myxoma develops as a consequence of dysregulations in these key genes which revert the cells towards progenitor-like state, hallmark of CM. The CM development in carney complex also signifies the role of TS in cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovais Shafi
- Sindh Medical College - Jinnah Sindh Medical University / Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Ghazia Siddiqui
- Sindh Medical College - Jinnah Sindh Medical University / Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hassam A Jaffry
- Sindh Medical College - Jinnah Sindh Medical University / Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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5
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Yu C, Zhang M, Xiong Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Wu S, Hussain S, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Rao N, Zhang S, Zhang X. Comparison of miRNA transcriptome of exosomes in three categories of somatic cells with derived iPSCs. Sci Data 2023; 10:616. [PMID: 37696871 PMCID: PMC10495316 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02493-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) through epigenetic manipulation. While the essential role of miRNA in reprogramming and maintaining pluripotency is well studied, little is known about the functions of miRNA from exosomes in this context. To fill this research gap,we comprehensively obtained the 17 sets of cellular mRNA transcriptomic data with 3.93 × 1010 bp raw reads and 18 sets of exosomal miRNA transcriptomic data with 2.83 × 107 bp raw reads from three categories of human somatic cells: peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), skin fibroblasts(SFs) and urine cells (UCs), along with their derived iPSCs. Additionally, differentially expressed molecules of each category were identified and used to perform gene set enrichment analysis. Our study provides sets of comparative transcriptomic data of cellular mRNA and exosomal miRNA from three categories of human tissue with three individual biological controls in studies of iPSCs generation, which will contribute to a better understanding of donor cell variation in functional epigenetic regulation and differentiation bias in iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlai Yu
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuang, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yucui Xiong
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qizheng Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoling Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nini Rao
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuang, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zare A, Salehpour A, Khoradmehr A, Bakhshalizadeh S, Najafzadeh V, Almasi-Turk S, Mahdipour M, Shirazi R, Tamadon A. Epigenetic Modification Factors and microRNAs Network Associated with Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells toward Cardiomyocytes: A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020569. [PMID: 36836926 PMCID: PMC9965891 DOI: 10.3390/life13020569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
More research is being conducted on myocardial cell treatments utilizing stem cell lines that can develop into cardiomyocytes. All of the forms of cardiac illnesses have shown to be quite amenable to treatments using embryonic (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In the present study, we reviewed the differentiation of these cell types into cardiomyocytes from an epigenetic standpoint. We also provided a miRNA network that is devoted to the epigenetic commitment of stem cells toward cardiomyocyte cells and related diseases, such as congenital heart defects, comprehensively. Histone acetylation, methylation, DNA alterations, N6-methyladenosine (m6a) RNA methylation, and cardiac mitochondrial mutations are explored as potential tools for precise stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zare
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Aria Salehpour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633196, Iran
| | - Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vahid Najafzadeh
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sahar Almasi-Turk
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7514633341, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 7135644144, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (A.T.)
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Nenna A, Loreni F, Giacinto O, Chello C, Nappi P, Chello M, Nappi F. miRNAs in Cardiac Myxoma: New Pathologic Findings for Potential Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063309. [PMID: 35328730 PMCID: PMC8954653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, contributing to all major cellular processes. The importance of miRNAs in cardiac development, heart function, and valvular heart disease has been shown in recent years, and aberrant expression of miRNA has been reported in various malignancies, such as gastric cancer and breast cancer. Different from other fields of investigation, the role of miRNAs in cardiac tumors still remains difficult to interpret due to the scarcity publications and a lack of narrative focus on this topic. In this article, we summarize the available evidence on miRNAs and cardiac myxomas and propose new pathways for future research. miRNAs play a part in modifying the expression of cardiac transcription factors (miR-335-5p), increasing cell cycle trigger factors (miR-126-3p), interfering with ceramide synthesis (miR-320a), inducing apoptosis (miR-634 and miR-122), suppressing production of interleukins (miR-217), and reducing cell proliferation (miR-218). As such, they have complex and interconnected roles. At present, the study of the complete mechanistic control of miRNA remains a crucial issue, as proper understanding of signaling pathways is essential for the forecasting of therapeutic implications. Other types of cardiac tumors still lack adequate investigation with regard to miRNA. Further research should aim at investigating the causal relationship between different miRNAs and cell overgrowth, considering both myxoma and other histological types of cardiac tumors. We hope that this review will help in understanding this fascinating molecular approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Nenna
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (F.L.); (O.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesco Loreni
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (F.L.); (O.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Omar Giacinto
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (F.L.); (O.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Camilla Chello
- Integrated Biomedical Science and Bioethics, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Nappi
- Cardiology, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Massimo Chello
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (F.L.); (O.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesco Nappi
- Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint Denis, 93200 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-149334104; Fax: +33-149334119
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Higa R, Leonardi ML, Jawerbaum A. Intrauterine Programming of Cardiovascular Diseases in Maternal Diabetes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:760251. [PMID: 34803741 PMCID: PMC8595320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.760251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diabetes is a prevalent pathology that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the offspring, the heart being one of the main target organs affected from the fetal stage until the adult life. Metabolic, pro-oxidant, and proinflammatory alterations in the fetal heart constitute the first steps in the adverse fetal programming of cardiovascular disease in the context of maternal diabetes. This review discusses both human and experimental studies addressing putative mechanisms involved in this fetal programming of heart damage in maternal diabetes. These include cardiac epigenetic changes, alterations in cardiac carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, damaging effects caused by a pro-oxidant and proinflammatory environment, alterations in the cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling, and specific signaling pathways. Putative actions to prevent cardiovascular impairments in the offspring of mothers with diabetes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Higa
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Laura Leonardi
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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9
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Archacka K, Ciemerych MA, Florkowska A, Romanczuk K. Non-Coding RNAs as Regulators of Myogenesis and Postexercise Muscle Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111568. [PMID: 34768999 PMCID: PMC8583994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs and lncRNAs do not encode proteins, but they play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. They differ in length, biogenesis, and mode of action. In this work, we focus on the selected miRNAs and lncRNAs involved in the regulation of myogenesis and muscle regeneration. We present selected miRNAs and lncRNAs that have been shown to control myogenic differentiation and show that manipulation of their levels could be used to improve myogenic differentiation of various types of stem and progenitor cells. Finally, we discuss how physical activity affects miRNA and lncRNA expression and how it affects muscle well-being.
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10
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CircNCX1: the "Lord of the Ring" in the Heart - Insight into Its Sequence Characteristic, Expression, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Application. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:571-586. [PMID: 34642871 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed single-stranded RNAs with regulatory activity and regarded as new types of therapeutic targets in diseases such as cancers. By means of RNA-Seq technology, numerous cardiac circRNAs were discovered. Although some candidates were detected to involve in heart disease in murine model, relative low sequence conservation and expression level of their human homologs might result in an insignificant, even distinct effect in the human heart. Therefore, the therapeutic significance of circRNAs should be more strictly considered. It is also necessary to discuss which circRNA is suitable for being applied in heart disease treatment. Here, we are willing to introduce a ~ 1830 nt circular transcript generated from single exon of sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (ncx1) gene (also called solute carrier family 8 member A1, slc8a1), usually named circNCX1 or circSLC8A1, which is gradually coming into our view. circNCX1 is one of the most cardiac-enriched circRNAs. It is widely existent in vertebrate and relatively conserved, indicating its indispensability during the evolution of species. Indeed, circNCX1 was shown to involve in heart development by some expression analysis. It was further revealed that the dysregulation of circNCX1 is one of the key pathogeneses of heart diseases including ischemic cardiac injury and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. To make the significance of circNCX1 in the heart clear, we comprehensively dissected circNCX1 in the aspects of its parental gene structure, conservation, biogenesis and expression profiles, function, molecular mechanisms, and clinical application in this review. New medicine or therapeutic schedules based on circNCX1 are expected in the future.
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11
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Cardiac Regenerative Therapy in Diabetes: Challenges and Potential Therapeutics. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Ullah M, Ng NN, Concepcion W, Thakor AS. Emerging role of stem cell-derived extracellular microRNAs in age-associated human diseases and in different therapies of longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 57:100979. [PMID: 31704472 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organismal aging involves the progressive decline in organ function and increased susceptibility to age-associated diseases. This has been associated with the aging of stem cell populations within the body that decreases the capacity of stem cells to self-renew, differentiate, and regenerate damaged tissues and organs. This review aims to explore how aging is associated with the dysregulation of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SCEVs) and their corresponding miRNA cargo (SCEV-miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of target genes. Recent evidence has suggested that in aging stem cells, SCEV-miRNAs may play a vital role regulating various processes that contribute to aging: cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, telomere length, and circadian rhythm. Hence, further clarifying the age-dependent molecular mechanisms through which SCEV-miRNAs exert their downstream effects may inform a greater understanding of the biology of aging, elucidate their role in stem cell function, and identify important targets for future regenerative therapies. Additionally, current studies evaluating therapeutic role of SCEVs and SCEV-miRNAs in treating several age-associated diseases are also discussed.
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Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. The infarcted heart displays typical cell death cascades characterized by a loss of cells and fibrotic scarring in the myocardium. Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis largely contribute to ventricular wall thickening and stiffening, altogether defining an adverse cardiac remodeling that ultimately leads to impaired cardiac function and subsequent heart failure. Finding a strategy to promote therapeutic, instead of detrimental, cardiac remodeling may pose as a potent MI treatment. Accumulating evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play an essential role in cardiovascular diseases. In particular, microRNA-133a (miR-133a) is one of the most abundant miRNAs in the heart. Multiple studies have demonstrated that miR-133a participates in the early pathology of MI, as well as in subsequent cardiac remodeling. In this review, we summarize recent research progress highlighting the regulatory effects of miR-133a in ischemic myocardial diseases, such as inhibiting angiogenesis, apoptosis, fibrosis, hypertrophy, and inflammation, while promoting therapeutic cardiac remodeling. The goal is to elicit a critical discussion on the translational direction of miRNA-mediated treatments towards a safe and effective MI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jiling Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Julian P. Tuazon
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cesar V. Borlongan, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC-78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Guolong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- Guolong Yu, Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
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14
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Huang YM, Li WW, Wu J, Han M, Li BH. The diagnostic value of circulating microRNAs in heart failure. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:1985-2003. [PMID: 30783473 PMCID: PMC6364251 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome, characterized by inadequate blood perfusion of tissues and organs caused by decreased heart ejection capacity resulting from structural or functional cardiac disorders. HF is the most severe heart condition and it severely compromises human health; thus, its early diagnosis and effective management are crucial. However, given the lack of satisfactory sensitivity and specificity of the currently available biomarkers, the majority of patients with HF are not diagnosed early and do not receive timely treatment. A number of studies have demonstrated that peripheral blood circulating nucleic acids [such as microRNAs (miRs), mRNA and DNA] are important for the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response in HF. miRs have been attracting increasing attention as promising biomarkers, given their presence in body fluids and relative structural stability under diverse conditions of sampling. The aim of the present review was to analyze the associations between the mechanisms underlying the development of HF and the expression of miRs, and discuss the value of using circulating miRs as diagnostic biomarkers in HF management. In particular, miR-155, miR-22 and miR-133 appear to be promising for the diagnosis, prognosis and management of HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Meng Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Mei Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Hui Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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15
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Zhang R, Xu Y, Niu H, Tao T, Ban T, Zheng L, Ai J. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides restore adverse structural remodelling and cardiac contractile dysfunction induced by overexpression of microRNA-1. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4830-4839. [PMID: 30117672 PMCID: PMC6156239 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA‐1 (miR‐1) stands out as the most prominent microRNA (miRNA) in regulating cardiac function and has been perceived as a new potential therapeutic target. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are major active constituents of the traditional Chinese medicine based on L. barbarum. The purpose of this study was to exploit the cardioprotective effect and molecular mechanism of LBPs underlying heart failure. We found that LBPs significantly reduced the expression of myocardial miR‐1. LBPs improved the abnormal ECG and indexes of cardiac functions in P‐V loop detection in transgenic (Tg) mice with miR‐1 overexpression. LBPs recovered morphological changes in sarcomeric assembly, intercalated disc and gap junction. LBPs reversed the reductions of CaM and cMLCK, the proteins targeted by miR‐1. Similar trends were also obtained in their downstream effectors including the phosphorylation of MLC2v and both total level and phosphorylation of CaMKII and cMyBP‐C. Collectively, LBPs restored adverse structural remodelling and improved cardiac contractile dysfunction induced by overexpression of miR‐1. One of the plausible mechanisms was that LBPs down‐regulated miR‐1 expression and consequently reversed miR‐1‐induced repression of target proteins relevant to myocardial contractibility. LBPs could serve as a new, at least a very useful adjunctive, candidate for prevention and therapy of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huifang Niu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ting Tao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Ban
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Linyao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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16
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Bem J, Grabowska I, Daniszewski M, Zawada D, Czerwinska AM, Bugajski L, Piwocka K, Fogtman A, Ciemerych MA. Transient MicroRNA Expression Enhances Myogenic Potential of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:655-670. [PMID: 29314416 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known regulators of various cellular processes, including pluripotency and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We analyzed differentiation of two ESC lines-D3 and B8, and observed significant differences in the expression of miRNAs and genes involved in pluripotency and differentiation. We also examined if transient miRNA overexpression could serve as a sufficient impulse modulating differentiation of mouse ESCs. ESCs were transfected with miRNA Mimics and differentiated in embryoid bodies and embryoid body outgrowths. miRNAs involved in differentiation of mesodermal lineages, such as miR145 and miR181, as well as miRNAs regulating myogenesis (MyomiRs)-miR1, miR133a, miR133b, and miR206 were tested. Using such approach, we proved that transient overexpression of molecules selected by us modulated differentiation of mouse ESCs. Increase in miR145 levels upregulated Pax3, Pax7, Myod1, Myog, and MyHC2, while miR181 triggered the expression of such crucial myogenic factors as Myf5 and MyHC2. As a result, the ability of ESCs to initiate myogenic differentiation and form myotubes was enhanced. Premature expression of MyomiRs had, however, an adverse effect on myogenic differentiation of ESCs. Stem Cells 2018;36:655-670.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bem
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Daniszewski
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Zawada
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Areta M Czerwinska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Bugajski
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology
| | | | - Anna Fogtman
- Laboratory of Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Abstract
During the past decades, stem cell-based therapy has acquired a promising role in regenerative medicine. The application of novel cell therapeutics for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases could potentially achieve the ambitious aim of effective cardiac regeneration. Despite the highly positive results from preclinical studies, data from phase I/II clinical trials are inconsistent and the improvement of cardiac remodeling and heart performance was found to be quite limited. The major issues which cardiac stem cell therapy is facing include inefficient cell delivery to the site of injury, accompanied by low cell retention and weak effectiveness of remaining stem cells in tissue regeneration. According to preclinical and clinical studies, various stem cells (adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells) represent the most promising cell types so far. Beside the selection of the appropriate cell type, researchers have developed several strategies to produce “second-generation” stem cell products with improved regenerative capacity. Genetic and nongenetic modifications, chemical and physical preconditioning, and the application of biomaterials were found to significantly enhance the regenerative capacity of transplanted stem cells. In this review, we will give an overview of the recent developments in stem cell engineering with the goal to facilitate stem cell delivery and to promote their cardiac regenerative activity.
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18
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Petrillo F, Iervolino A, Zacchia M, Simeoni A, Masella C, Capolongo G, Perna A, Capasso G, Trepiccione F. MicroRNAs in Renal Diseases: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Target. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 3:111-119. [PMID: 29344506 PMCID: PMC5757617 DOI: 10.1159/000481730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of short noncoding RNAs that play important roles in posttranscriptional gene regulation. miRNAs inhibit target gene expression by blocking protein translation or by inducing mRNA degradation and therefore have the potential to modulate physiological and pathological processes. SUMMARY In the kidney, miRNAs play a role in the organogenesis and in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including renal carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, cystogenesis, and glomerulopathies. Indeed, podocytes, but also the parietal cells of the Bowman capsule are severely affected by miRNA deregulation. In addition, several miRNAs have been found involved in the development of renal fibrosis. These experimental lines of evidence found a counterpart also in patients affected by diabetic and Ig-A nephropathies, opening the possibility of their use as biomarkers. Finally, the possibility to direct target-specific miRNA to prevent the development of renal fibrosis is encouraging potential novel therapies based on miRNA mimicking or antagonism. This review reports the main studies that investigate the role of miRNAs in the kidneys, in particular highlighting the experimental models used, their potential role as biomarkers and, finally, the most recent data on the miRNA-based therapy. KEY MESSAGES miRNAs are crucial regulators of cell function. They are easy to detect and represent potentially good targets for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Petrillo
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Anna Iervolino
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Miriam Zacchia
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Adelina Simeoni
- Department of Nephrology, Magna Graecia University Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Masella
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Capolongo
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Perna
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Capasso
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Francesco Trepiccione
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Biogem S.c.a.r.l., Research Institute Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
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19
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Overexpression of Trophoblast Stem Cell-Enriched MicroRNAs Promotes Trophoblast Fate in Embryonic Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2017; 19:1101-1109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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20
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Resveratrol Enhances Cardiomyocyte Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells through Inhibiting Canonical WNT Signal Pathway and Enhancing Serum Response Factor-miR-1 Axis. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:2524092. [PMID: 26798354 PMCID: PMC4699094 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2524092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) (RSV) is a natural polyphenol with protective effects over cardiac tissues and can affect cell survival and differentiation in cardiac stem cells transplantation. However, whether this agent can affect cardiomyocytes (CMs) differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is not yet clear. This study explored whether RSV can affect CMs differentiation of human iPSCs. Under embryoid bodies (EBs) condition, the effect of RSV on the change of pluripotent markers, endoderm markers, mesoderm markers, and ectoderm markers was measured using qRT-PCR. Under CM differentiation culture, the effect of RSV on CM specific markers was also measured. The regulative role of RSV over canonical Wnt signal pathway and serum response factor- (SRF-) miR-1 axis and the functions of these two axes were further studied. Results showed that RSV had no effect on the self-renewal of human iPSCs but could promote mesoderm differentiation. Under CM differentiation culture, RSV could promote CM differentiation of human iPSCs through suppressing canonical Wnt signal pathway and enhancing SRF-miR-1 axis.
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21
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Valiente-Alandi I, Albo-Castellanos C, Herrero D, Arza E, Garcia-Gomez M, Segovia JC, Capecchi M, Bernad A. Cardiac Bmi1(+) cells contribute to myocardial renewal in the murine adult heart. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:205. [PMID: 26503423 PMCID: PMC4620653 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mammalian adult heart maintains a continuous, low cardiomyocyte turnover rate throughout life. Although many cardiac stem cell populations have been studied, the natural source for homeostatic repair has not yet been defined. The Polycomb protein BMI1 is the most representative marker of mouse adult stem cell systems. We have evaluated the relevance and role of cardiac Bmi1+ cells in cardiac physiological homeostasis. Methods Bmi1CreER/+;Rosa26YFP/+ (Bmi1-YFP) mice were used for lineage tracing strategy. After tamoxifen (TM) induction, yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) is expressed under the control of Rosa26 regulatory sequences in Bmi1+ cells. These cells and their progeny were tracked by FACS, immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR techniques from 5 days to 1 year. Results FACS analysis of non-cardiomyocyte compartment from TM-induced Bmi1-YFP mice showed a Bmi1+-expressing cardiac progenitor cell (Bmi1-CPC: B-CPC) population, SCA-1 antigen-positive (95.9 ± 0.4 %) that expresses some stemness-associated genes. B-CPC were also able to differentiate in vitro to the three main cardiac lineages. Pulse-chase analysis showed that B-CPC remained quite stable for extended periods (up to 1 year), which suggests that this Bmi1+ population contains cardiac progenitors with substantial self-maintenance potential. Specific immunostaining of Bmi1-YFP hearts serial sections 5 days post-TM induction indicated broad distribution of B-CPC, which were detected in variably sized clusters, although no YFP+ cardiomyocytes (CM) were detected at this time. Between 2 to 12 months after TM induction, YFP+ CM were clearly identified (3 ± 0.6 % to 6.7 ± 1.3 %) by immunohistochemistry of serial sections and by flow cytometry of total freshly isolated CM. B-CPC also contributed to endothelial and smooth muscle (SM) lineages in vivo. Conclusions High Bmi1 expression identifies a non-cardiomyocyte resident cardiac population (B-CPC) that contributes to the main lineages of the heart in vitro and in vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0196-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Valiente-Alandi
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Carmen Albo-Castellanos
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,Vivebiotech, San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Diego Herrero
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,Immunology and Oncology Department, Spanish National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elvira Arza
- Microscopy Unit, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Garcia-Gomez
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain. .,Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - José C Segovia
- Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain. .,Advanced Therapies Mixed Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mario Capecchi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,Immunology and Oncology Department, Spanish National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Mitchelson KR, Qin WY. Roles of the canonical myomiRs miR-1, -133 and -206 in cell development and disease. World J Biol Chem 2015; 6:162-208. [PMID: 26322174 PMCID: PMC4549760 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v6.i3.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that participate in different biological processes, providing subtle combinational regulation of cellular pathways, often by regulating components of signalling pathways. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is an important factor in the development and progression of disease. The canonical myomiRs (miR-1, -133 and -206) are central to the development and health of mammalian skeletal and cardiac muscles, but new findings show they have regulatory roles in the development of other mammalian non-muscle tissues, including nerve, brain structures, adipose and some specialised immunological cells. Moreover, the deregulation of myomiR expression is associated with a variety of different cancers, where typically they have tumor suppressor functions, although examples of an oncogenic role illustrate their diverse function in different cell environments. This review examines the involvement of the related myomiRs at the crossroads between cell development/tissue regeneration/tissue inflammation responses, and cancer development.
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23
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Sun B, Liu R, Ye N, Xiao ZD. Comprehensive evaluation of microRNA expression profiling reveals the neural signaling specific cytotoxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121671. [PMID: 25798908 PMCID: PMC4370573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Though nanomaterials are considered as drug carriers or imaging reagents targeting the central nervous system their cytotoxicity effect on neuronal cells has not been well studied. In this study, we treated PC12 cells, a model neuronal cell line, with a nanomaterial that is widely accepted for medical use, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Our results suggest that, after treated with SPIONs, the expression pattern of the cellular miRNAs changed widely in PC12 cells. As potential miRNA targets, NMDAR, one of the candidate mRNAs that were selected using GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, was significantly down regulated by SPIONs treatment. We further illustrated that SPIONs may induce cell death through NMDAR suppression. This study revealed a NMDAR neurotoxic effect of SPIONs and provides a reliable approach for assessing the neurocytotoxic effects of nanomaterials based on the comprehensive annotation of miRNA profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rui Liu
- Laboratory of Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Dang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
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