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Miranda Alarcón YS, Jazwinska D, Lymon T, Khalili A, Browe D, Newton B, Pellegrini M, Cohen RI, Shreiber DI, Freeman JW. The Use of Collagen Methacrylate in Actuating Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate-Acrylic Acid Scaffolds for Muscle Regeneration. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:1165-1180. [PMID: 36853478 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
After muscle loss or injury, skeletal muscle tissue has the ability to regenerate and return its function. However, large volume defects in skeletal muscle tissue pose a challenge to regenerate due to the absence of regenerative elements such as biophysical and biochemical cues, making the development of new treatments necessary. One potential solution is to utilize electroactive polymers that can change size or shape in response to an external electric field. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) is one such polymer, which holds great potential as a scaffold for muscle tissue regeneration due to its mechanical properties. In addition, the versatile chemistry of this polymer allows for the conjugation of new functional groups to enhance its electroactive properties and biocompatibility. Herein, we have developed an electroactive copolymer of PEGDA and acrylic acid (AA) in combination with collagen methacrylate (CMA) to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. The electroactive properties of the CMA + PEGDA:AA constructs were investigated through actuation studies. Furthermore, the biological properties of the hydrogel were investigated in a 14-day in vitro study to evaluate myosin light chain (MLC) expression and metabolic activity of C2C12 mouse myoblast cells. The addition of CMA improved some aspects of material bioactivity, such as MLC expression in C2C12 mouse myoblast cells. However, the incorporation of CMA in the PEGDA:AA hydrogels reduced the sample movement when placed under an electric field, possibly due to steric hindrance from the CMA. Further research is needed to optimize the use of CMA in combination with PEGDA:AA as a potential scaffold for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Jazwinska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Terrence Lymon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Amin Khalili
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Daniel Browe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Brandon Newton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Michael Pellegrini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rick I Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - David I Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Joseph W Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Dalmao-Fernandez A, Aizenshtadt A, Bakke HG, Krauss S, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH, Kase ET. Development of three-dimensional primary human myospheres as culture model of skeletal muscle cells for metabolic studies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1130693. [PMID: 37034250 PMCID: PMC10076718 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1130693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Skeletal muscle is a major contributor to whole-body energy homeostasis and the utilization of fatty acids and glucose. At present, 2D cell models have been the most used cellular models to study skeletal muscle energy metabolism. However, the transferability of the results to in vivo might be limited. This project aimed to develop and characterize a skeletal muscle 3D cell model (myospheres) as an easy and low-cost tool to study molecular mechanisms of energy metabolism. Methods and results: We demonstrated that human primary myoblasts form myospheres without external matrix support and carry structural and molecular characteristics of mature skeletal muscle after 10 days of differentiation. We found significant metabolic differences between the 2D myotubes model and myospheres. In particular, myospheres showed increased lipid oxidative metabolism than the 2D myotubes model, which oxidized relatively more glucose and accumulated more oleic acid. Discussion and conclusion: These analyses demonstrate model differences that can have an impact and should be taken into consideration for studying energy metabolism and metabolic disorders in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalmao-Fernandez
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Andrea Dalmao-Fernandez,
| | - Aleksandra Aizenshtadt
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege G. Bakke
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Krauss
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arild C. Rustan
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - G. Hege Thoresen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eili Tranheim Kase
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Wang K, Camman M, Mosser G, Haye B, Trichet L, Coradin T. Synthesis of Fibrin-Type I Collagen Biomaterials via an Acidic Gel. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072099. [PMID: 35408498 PMCID: PMC9000341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin-Type I collagen composite gels have been widely studied as biomaterials, in which both networks are usually formed simultaneously at a neutral pH. Here, we describe a new protocol in which mixed concentrated solutions of collagen and fibrinogen were first incubated at acidic pH to induce fibrinogen gel formation, followed by a pH change to neutral inducing collagen fiber formation. Thrombin was then added to form fibrin-collagen networks. Using this protocol, mixed gels containing 20 mg.mL−1 fibrin and up to 10 mg.mL−1 collagen could be prepared. Macroscopic observations evidenced that increasing the content of collagen increases the turbidity of the gels and decreases their shrinkage during the fibrinogen-to-fibrin conversion. The presence of collagen had a minor influence on the rheological properties of the gels. Electron microscopy allowed for observation of collagen fibers within the fibrin network. 2D cultures of C2C12 myoblasts on mixed gels revealed that the presence of collagen favors proliferation and local alignment of the cells. However, it interferes with cell differentiation and myotube formation, suggesting that further control of in-gel collagen self-assembly is required to elaborate fully functional biomaterials.
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Towards bioengineered skeletal muscle: recent developments in vitro and in vivo. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:555-567. [PMID: 34342361 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a functional tissue that accounts for approximately 40% of the human body mass. It has remarkable regenerative potential, however, trauma and volumetric muscle loss, progressive disease and aging can lead to significant muscle loss that the body cannot recover from. Clinical approaches to address this range from free-flap transfer for traumatic events involving volumetric muscle loss, to myoblast transplantation and gene therapy to replace muscle loss due to sarcopenia and hereditary neuromuscular disorders, however, these interventions are often inadequate. The adoption of engineering paradigms, in particular materials engineering and materials/tissue interfacing in biology and medicine, has given rise to the rapidly growing, multidisciplinary field of bioengineering. These methods have facilitated the development of new biomaterials that sustain cell growth and differentiation based on bionic biomimicry in naturally occurring and synthetic hydrogels and polymers, as well as additive fabrication methods to generate scaffolds that go some way to replicate the structural features of skeletal muscle. Recent advances in biofabrication techniques have resulted in significant improvements to some of these techniques and have also offered promising alternatives for the engineering of living muscle constructs ex vivo to address the loss of significant areas of muscle. This review highlights current research in this area and discusses the next steps required towards making muscle biofabrication a clinical reality.
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Pham‐Nguyen O, Son YJ, Kwon T, Kim J, Jung YC, Park JB, Kang B, Yoo HS. Preparation of Stretchable Nanofibrous Sheets with Sacrificial Coaxial Electrospinning for Treatment of Traumatic Muscle Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002228. [PMID: 33506655 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic muscle injury with massive loss of muscle volume requires intramuscular implantation of proper scaffolds for fast and successful recovery. Although many artificial scaffolds effectively accelerate formation and maturation of myotubes, limited studies are showing the therapeutic effect of artificial scaffolds in animal models with massive muscle injury. In this study, improved myotube differentiation is approved on stepwise stretched gelatin nanofibers and applied to damaged muscle recovery in an animal model. The gelatin nanofibers are fabricated by a two-step process composed of co-axial electrospinning of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and gelatin and subsequent removal of the outer shells. When stepwise stretching is applied to the myoblasts on gelatin nanofibers for five days, enhanced myotube formation and polarized elongation are observed. Animal models with volumetric loss at quadriceps femoris muscles (>50%) are transplanted with the myotubes cultivated on thin and flexible gelatin nanofiber. Treated animals more efficiently recover exercising functions of the leg when myotubes and the gelatin nanofiber are co-implanted at the injury sites. This result suggests that mechanically stimulated myotubes on gelatin nanofiber is therapeutically feasible for the robust recovery of volumetric muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh‐Vu Pham‐Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Son
- Department of Biomedical Science Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae‐wan Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Jung
- Chaon 331 Pangyo‐ro Bundang‐gu Seongnam Gyeonggi‐do 13488 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Park
- Jeonju Center Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung‐Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Research Institute for Veterinary Science BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Sang Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Science Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
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Collagen-Based Electrospun Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8030039. [PMID: 33803598 PMCID: PMC8003061 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in organs and tissues throughout the body and is used for many tissue engineering applications. Electrospinning of collagen can produce scaffolds in a wide variety of shapes, fiber diameters and porosities to match that of the native ECM. This systematic review aims to pool data from available manuscripts on electrospun collagen and tissue engineering to provide insight into the connection between source material, solvent, crosslinking method and functional outcomes. D-banding was most often observed in electrospun collagen formed using collagen type I isolated from calfskin, often isolated within the laboratory, with short solution solubilization times. All physical and chemical methods of crosslinking utilized imparted resistance to degradation and increased strength. Cytotoxicity was observed at high concentrations of crosslinking agents and when abbreviated rinsing protocols were utilized. Collagen and collagen-based scaffolds were capable of forming engineered tissues in vitro and in vivo with high similarity to the native structures.
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Swenarchuk LE. Nerve, Muscle, and Synaptogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111448. [PMID: 31744142 PMCID: PMC6912269 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate skeletal neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has long served as a model system for studying synapse structure, function, and development. Over the last several decades, a neuron-specific isoform of agrin, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, has been identified as playing a central role in synapse formation at all vertebrate skeletal neuromuscular synapses. While agrin was initially postulated to be the inductive molecule that initiates synaptogenesis, this model has been modified in response to work showing that postsynaptic differentiation can develop in the absence of innervation, and that synapses can form in transgenic mice in which the agrin gene is ablated. In place of a unitary mechanism for neuromuscular synapse formation, studies in both mice and zebrafish have led to the proposal that two mechanisms mediate synaptogenesis, with some synapses being induced by nerve contact while others involve the incorporation of prepatterned postsynaptic structures. Moreover, the current model also proposes that agrin can serve two functions, to induce synaptogenesis and to stabilize new synapses, once these are formed. This review examines the evidence for these propositions, and concludes that it remains possible that a single molecular mechanism mediates synaptogenesis at all NMJs, and that agrin acts as a stabilizer, while its role as inducer is open to question. Moreover, if agrin does not act to initiate synaptogenesis, it follows that as yet uncharacterized molecular interactions are required to play this essential inductive role. Several alternatives to agrin for this function are suggested, including focal pericellular proteolysis and integrin signaling, but all require experimental validation.
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Cipriani S, Phan V, Médard JJ, Horvath R, Lochmüller H, Chrast R, Roos A, Spendiff S. Neuromuscular Junction Changes in a Mouse Model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 4C. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124072. [PMID: 30562927 PMCID: PMC6320960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) appears to be a site of pathology in a number of peripheral nerve diseases. Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) 4C is an autosomal recessive, early onset, demyelinating neuropathy. Numerous mutations in the SH3TC2 gene have been shown to underlie the condition often associated with scoliosis, foot deformities, and reduced nerve conduction velocities. Mice with exon 1 of the Sh3tc2 gene knocked out demonstrate many of the features seen in patients. To determine if NMJ pathology is contributory to the pathomechanisms of CMT4C we examined NMJs in the gastrocnemius muscle of SH3TC2-deficient mice. In addition, we performed proteomic assessment of the sciatic nerve to identify protein factors contributing to the NMJ alterations and the survival of demyelinated axons. Morphological and gene expression analysis of NMJs revealed a lack of continuity between the pre- and post-synaptic apparatus, increases in post-synaptic fragmentation and dispersal, and an increase in expression of the gamma subunit of the acetylcholine receptor. There were no changes in axonal width or the number of axonal inputs to the NMJ. Proteome investigations of the sciatic nerve revealed altered expression of extracellular matrix proteins important for NMJ integrity. Together these observations suggest that CMT4C pathology includes a compromised NMJ even in the absence of changes to the innervating axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cipriani
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
- INSPE-Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Vietxuan Phan
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V.; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Jean-Jacques Médard
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, John Van Geest Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Forvie, Robinson way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK.
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldri I reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Riverside Drive, Ottawa, ON K1H 7X5, Canada.
| | - Roman Chrast
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Roos
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V.; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders in Children, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Sally Spendiff
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
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Tang J, Chen J, Guo J, Wei Q, Fan H. Construction and evaluation of fibrillar composite hydrogel of collagen/konjac glucomannan for potential biomedical applications. Regen Biomater 2018; 5:239-250. [PMID: 30094063 PMCID: PMC6077832 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rby018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is recognized as a safe material for its health-promoting benefits and thus widely used in various fields including pharmaceutical industry. In recent decades, the combination of collagen and KGM attracts more attentions for biomedical purpose, especially the hybrid films of collagen–KGM or collagen–KGM–polysaccharide. In this study, to further and deeply develop the intrinsic values of both collagen and KGM as biomaterials, a novel kind of composite hydrogel comprising collagen and KGM at a certain ratio was fabricated under mild conditions via fibrillogenesis process of the aqueous blends of collagen and KGM that experienced deacetylation simultaneously. The chemical composition, microcosmic architectures, swelling behavior, biodegradation and dynamic mechanic properties of such resulted composite hydrogels were systematically investigated. Biologic experiments, including cell culture in vitro and hypodermic implantation in vivo, were also conducted on these collagen/KGM composite hydrogels to evaluate their biologic performances. The relevant results prove that, based on collagen self-assembly behavior, this synthesis strategy is efficient to construct a composite hydrogel of collagen/KGM with improved mechanical properties, biodegradability, excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity, which are promising for potential biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Jinlin Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Qingrong Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
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Electrospun and Electrosprayed Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1078:79-100. [PMID: 30357619 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning and electrospraying technologies provide an accessible and universal synthesis method for the continuous preparation of nanostructured materials. This chapter introduces recent uses of electrospun and electrosprayed scaffolds for tissue regeneration applications. More recent in vitro and in vivo of electrospun fibers are also discussed in relation to soft and hard tissue engineering applications. The focus is made on the bone, vascular, skin, neural and soft tissue regeneration. An introduction is presented regarding the production of biomaterials made by synthetic and natural polymers and inorganic and metallic materials for use in the production of scaffolds for regenerative medicine. For this proposal, the following techniques are discussed: electrospraying, co-axial and emulsion electrospinning and bio-electrospraying. Tissue engineering is an exciting and rapidly developing field for the understanding of how to regenerate the human body.
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