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Tian H, Tian F, Ma D, Xiao B, Ding Z, Zhai X, Song L, Ma C. Priming and Combined Strategies for the Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ischemic Stroke: A Promising Approach. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7127-7150. [PMID: 38366307 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration and mechanical thrombectomy are the main treatments but have a narrow time window. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are easily scalable in vitro and lack ethical concerns, possess the potential to differentiate into various types of cells and secrete a great number of growth factors for neuroprotection and regeneration. Moreover, MSCs have low immunogenicity and tumorigenic properties, showing safety and preliminary efficacy both in preclinical studies and clinical trials of IS. However, it is unlikely that MSC treatment alone will be sufficient to maximize recovery due to the low survival rate of transplanted cells and various mechanisms of ischemic brain damage in the different stages of IS. Preconditioning was used to facilitate the homing, survival, and secretion ability of the grafted MSCs in the ischemic region, while combination therapies are alternatives that can maximize the treatment effects, focusing on multiple therapeutic targets to promote stroke recovery. In this case, the combination therapy can yield a synergistic effect. In this review, we summarize the type of MSCs, preconditioning methods, and combined strategies as well as their therapeutic mechanism in the treatment of IS to accelerate the transformation from basic research to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- Experimental Management Center, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121, University Street, Higher Education Park, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Disease of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Datong, 037003, China
| | - Baoguo Xiao
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibin Ding
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhai
- Experimental Management Center, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121, University Street, Higher Education Park, Jinzhong, 030619, China
- School of Basic Medicine of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Lijuan Song
- Experimental Management Center, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121, University Street, Higher Education Park, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
| | - Cungen Ma
- Experimental Management Center, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121, University Street, Higher Education Park, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Diseases, Medical School of Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China.
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Pratiwi DIN, Alhajlah S, Alawadi A, Hjazi A, Alawsi T, Almalki SG, Alsalamy A, Kumar A. Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles as emerging therapeutic tools in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102320. [PMID: 38342071 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a neurological condition characterized by severe long-term consequences and an unfavorable prognosis for numerous patients. Despite advancements in stroke treatment, existing therapeutic approaches possess certain limitations. However, accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold promise as a potential therapy for various neurological disorders, including IS, owing to their advantageous properties, such as immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Additionally, MSCs primarily exert their therapeutic effects through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), highlighting the significance of their paracrine activities. These EVs are small double-layered phospholipid membrane vesicles, carrying a diverse cargo of proteins, lipids, and miRNAs that enable effective cell-to-cell communication. Notably, EVs have emerged as attractive substitutes for stem cell therapy due to their reduced immunogenicity, lower tumorigenic potential, and ease of administration and handling. Hence, this review summarizes the current preclinical and clinical studies performed to investigate the safety and therapeutic potential of MSCs and their EVs derived from different sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and Wharton's jelly in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharif Alhajlah
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Taif Alawsi
- Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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Fay LY, Chien JY, Weng CF, Kuo HS, Liou DY, Weng WH, Lin CH, Chen YT, Huang WH, Huang WC, Tsai MJ, Cheng H. Evaluating the toxic mechanism of 1,2-diacetylbenzene in neural cells/tissues: The favorable impact of silibinin. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:313-321. [PMID: 37981056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
1,2-diacetylbenzene (1,2-DAB) is a neurotoxic component of aromatic solvents commonly used in industrial applications that induces neuropathological changes in animals. This study unraveled the toxic impact of 1,2-DAB in nerve tissues, explant cultures, and neuron-glial cultures, and explored whether herbal products can mitigate its toxicity. The effects of DAB on axonal transport were studied in retinal explant cultures grown in a micro-patterned dish. The mitochondrial movement in the axons was captured using time-lapse video recordings. The results showed that 1,2-DAB, but not 1,3-DAB inhibited axonal outgrowth and mitochondrial movement in a dose-dependent manner. The toxicity of 1,2-DAB was further studied in spinal cord tissues and cultures. 1,2-DAB selectively induced modifications of microtubules and neurofilaments in spinal cord tissues. 1,2-DAB also potently induced cell damage in both neuronal and glial cultures. Further, 1,2-DAB-induced cellular ATP depletion precedes cell damage in glial cells. Interestingly, treatment with the herbal products silibinin or silymarin effectively mitigated 1,2-DAB-induced toxicity in spinal cord tissues and neuronal/glial cultures. Collectively, the molecular toxicity of 1,2-DAB in neural tissues involves protein modification, ATP depletion, and axonal transport defects, leading to cell death. Silibinin and silymarin show promising neuroprotective effects against 2-DAB-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yu Fay
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Yi Chien
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Huai-Sheng Kuo
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Dann-Ying Liou
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Hao Weng
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221,Taiwan; Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Tzu Chen
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Hung Huang
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Cheng Huang
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - May-Jywan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Henrich Cheng
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
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Behzadifard M, Aboutaleb N, Dolatshahi M, Khorramizadeh M, Mirshekari Jahangiri H, Kord Z, Nazarinia D. Neuroprotective Effects of Conditioned Medium of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC-CM) as a Therapy for Ischemic Stroke Recovery: A Systematic Review. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1280-1292. [PMID: 36581731 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that the therapeutic potential of stem cells is mainly mediated by their paracrine factors. In order to identify the effects of conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) against stroke, a systematic review was conducted. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases for all available articles relevant to the effects of MSC-CM against the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke until August 2022. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using The STAIR scale. During the systematic search, a total of 356 published articles were found. A total of 15 datasets were included following screening for eligibility. The type of cerebral ischemia was the MCAO model and CM was obtained from MSCs. The results showed that the therapeutic time window can be considered a crucial factor when researchers use MSC-CM for stroke therapy. In addition, MSC-CM therapy contributes to functional recovery and reduces infarct volume after stroke by targeting different cellular signaling pathways. Our findings showed that MSC-CM therapy has the ability to improve functional recovery and attenuate brain infarct volume after ischemic stroke in preclinical studies. We hope our study accelerates needed progress towards clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Behzadifard
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Dolatshahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Maryam Khorramizadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | | | - Zeynab Kord
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Donya Nazarinia
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran. .,Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
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Tsai MJ, Fay LY, Liou DY, Chen Y, Chen YT, Lee MJ, Tu TH, Huang WC, Cheng H. Multifaceted Benefits of GDF11 Treatment in Spinal Cord Injury: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010421. [PMID: 36613862 PMCID: PMC9820576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a series of cellular and molecular events that include both primary and secondary injury cascades. This secondary cascade provides opportunities for the delivery of therapeutic intervention. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, regulates various biological processes in mammals. The effects of GDF11 in the nervous system were not fully elucidated. Here, we perform extensive in vitro and in vivo studies to unravel the effects of GDF11 on spinal cord after injury. In vitro culture studies showed that GDF11 increased the survival of both neuronal and oligodendroglial cells but decreased microglial cells. In stressed cultures, GDF11 effectively inhibited LPS stimulation and also protected neurons from ischemic damage. Intravenous GDF11 administration to rat after eliciting SCI significantly improved hindlimb functional restoration of SCI rats. Reduced neuronal connectivity was evident at 6 weeks post-injury and these deficits were markedly attenuated by GDF11 treatment. Furthermore, SCI-associated oligodendroglial alteration were more preserved by GDF11 treatment. Taken together, GDF11 infusion via intravenous route to SCI rats is beneficial, facilitating its therapeutic application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Jywan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Fay
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Dann-Ying Liou
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi Chen
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Tzu Chen
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jen Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsi Tu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Huang
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Henrich Cheng
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28757718
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The Role of Concomitant Nrf2 Targeting and Stem Cell Therapy in Cerebrovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081447. [PMID: 35892653 PMCID: PMC9332234 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the reality that a death from cerebrovascular accident occurs every 3.5 min in the United States, there are few therapeutic options which are typically limited to a narrow window of opportunity in time for damage mitigation and recovery. Novel therapies have targeted pathological processes secondary to the initial insult, such as oxidative damage and peripheral inflammation. One of the greatest challenges to therapy is the frequently permanent damage within the CNS, attributed to a lack of sufficient neurogenesis. Thus, recent use of cell-based therapies for stroke have shown promising results. Unfortunately, stroke-induced inflammatory and oxidative damage limit the therapeutic potential of these stem cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, thus presenting an attractive target for novel therapeutics to enhance stem cell therapy and promote neurogenesis. This review assesses the current literature on the concomitant use of stem cell therapy and Nrf2 targeting via pharmaceutical and natural agents, highlighting the need to elucidate both upstream and downstream pathways in optimizing Nrf2 treatments in the setting of cerebrovascular disease.
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