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Li K, Zhao G, Yang L, Gao X, Jia Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic activation and cytotoxicity of 4-Methylquinoline mediated by CYP3A4 and sulfotransferases in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113865. [PMID: 37268085 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
4-Methylquinoline (4-MQ) is a quinoline derivative widely present in groundwater and soil and has been reported to be genotoxic. The mechanisms of the toxic action remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the metabolic activation of 4-MQ and to determine the possible role of reactive metabolites in 4-MQ-induced liver injury in rats. In the present study, a hydroxylation metabolite (M1), a GSH conjugate (M2) and an NAC conjugate (M3) derived from 4-MQ were detected in vitro and in vivo. The structures of the two conjugates were verified by chemical synthesis, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. CYP3A4 was found to dominate the hydroxylation of 4-MQ. Sulfotransferases also participated in the metabolic activation of 4-MQ. Pretreatment of primary hepatocytes with ketoconazole (KTC) or 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP) not only reduced the production of GSH conjugate M2 but also decreased the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of 4-MQ. Urinary NAC conjugate M3 was found in rats given 4-MQ, and M3 may be a potential biomarker for 4-MQ exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Lan Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Yudi Jia
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China.
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China.
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Boyd DR, Sharma ND, Loke PL, Carroll JG, Stevenson PJ, Hoering P, Allen CCR. Toluene Dioxygenase-Catalyzed cis-Dihydroxylation of Quinolines: A Molecular Docking Study and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Quinoline Arene Oxides. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:619175. [PMID: 33644006 PMCID: PMC7907597 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.619175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular docking studies of quinoline and 2-chloroquinoline substrates at the active site of toluene dioxygenase (TDO), were conducted using Autodock Vina, to identify novel edge-to-face interactions and to rationalize the observed stereoselective cis-dihydroxylation of carbocyclic rings and formation of isolable cis-dihydrodiol metabolites. These in silico docking results of quinoline and pyridine substrates, with TDO, also provided support for the postulated cis-dihydroxylation of electron-deficient pyridyl rings, to give transient cis-dihydrodiol intermediates and the derived hydroxyquinolines. 2-Chloroquinoline cis-dihydrodiol metabolites were used as precursors in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of enantiopure arene oxide and arene dioxide derivatives of quinoline, in the context of its possible mammalian metabolism and carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R. Boyd
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Narain D. Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Pui L. Loke
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan G. Carroll
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J. Stevenson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Hoering
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Tunca H, Berber AA, Çanakçi K, Tuna M, Yildiz SZ, Aksoy H. Synthesis, characterization, and determination of genotoxic effect of a novel dimeric 8-hydroxyquinoline Cd(II) SCN complex. Drug Chem Toxicol 2016; 40:300-308. [PMID: 27631679 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2016.1223094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a Cd(II) complex was synthesized using 8-hydroxyquinoline and thiocyanate as the ligands and structurally characterized with the combination of FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV-vis, and MS spectral data. Then, genotoxic effects of the prepared complex were investigated. Genotoxic properties of the dimeric 8-hydroxyquinolinthiocyanatoCd(II) [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] complex synthesized as drug raw material were analyzed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 μg/mL [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] were used for 24 and 48 h durations. [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] significantly increased chromosomal aberrations (CAs) at 4, 6, and 8 μg/mL concentrations after a 24- h period and 2 and 4 μg/mL after a 48-h period. [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] significantly decreased the mitotic index (MI) at all concentrations, both at 24 and 48 h. Micronuclei frequency (MN) was not affected by [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] treatment compared with the control. After application for a 48 h period, 6 and 8 μg/mL concentrations showed toxic effects both in chromosomal abnormality and in micronucleus tests. It also decreased the cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI), but this result was statistically significant only at 6 and 8 μg/mL concentrations. In the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)), significant increases in comet tail length, tail moment, and tail intensity were observed at all concentrations. [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] displays clastogenic effect in the concentrations used in human peripheral lymphocytes at chromosomal abnormality, micronucleus tests, and cytokinesis-block proliferation index parameters. Further studies should be conducted in other test systems to evaluate the complete genotoxic potential of [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Tunca
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey and
| | - Ahmet Ali Berber
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey and
| | - Kubra Çanakçi
- b Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Murat Tuna
- b Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Salih Zeki Yildiz
- b Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Aksoy
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey and
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