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Tan W, Yang X, Zhang C, Xie Q, Song W, Li W. Gene expression profiles to clarify the effect of low-dose benzo(a)pyrene on crystalline silica induced acute lung injury in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124580. [PMID: 39032549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Published evidences have suggested that air pollutant benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) may modify the toxicity and adverse effects produced by other toxicants. However, the precise role of short-term exposure to low-dose BaP on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by crystalline silica (CS) and the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. To investigate this issue, a mouse co-exposure model was established by intratracheal instillation of 2.5 mg CS and BaP alone or in combination. Our data found that CS exposure resulted in ALI as evidenced by lung histological changes, elevated lactate dehydrogenase activity, increased level of pro-inflammatory markers and enhanced oxidative damage. Although exposure to BaP alone had little effect on the pathological changes of mice lung tissues except for occasionally mild inflammation, it could aggravate the CS-induced ALI in a dose-dependent manner. Bioinformatic analysis of transcriptome sequencing suggested that the expression changes of significantly differentially expressed genes were closely related to the severity of ALI. The joined analysis of STC and WGCNA found that "NOD-like receptor signaling pathway", "toll-like receptor signaling pathway", "TNF signaling pathway", and "NF-kappa B signaling pathway" associated with immune and inflammatory response were the most prominent significant pathways. TLR2/9 and Nod2 might be the key inflammation-related genes that were differentially expressed in the combined lung toxicity induced by CS and BaP exposure. All these findings suggest that co-exposure of CS and low-dose BaP can cause more severe lung inflammation and oxidative damage in mice than exposure alone, which may be useful in the management and prevention of silicosis. The roles of TLR2/9 and Nod2 as candidate targets in the combined toxicity need further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Tan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Qi Xie
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Weiyi Song
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Wei Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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Xu H, Chen F, Liu Z, Gao R, He J, Li F, Li N, Mu X, Liu T, Wang Y, Chen X. B(a)P induces ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis via TRAF2-NFκB-Caspase1 axis during early pregnancy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118865. [PMID: 38583661 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] is an environmental endocrine disruptor with reproductive toxicity. The corpus luteum (CL) of the ovary plays an important role in embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Our previous studies have shown that B(a)P exposure affects embryo implantation and endometrial decidualization in mouse, but its effects and mechanisms on CL function remain unclear. In this study, we explore the mechanism of ovarian toxicity of B(a)P using a pregnant mouse model and an in vitro model of human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) KGN. Pregnant mice were gavaged with corn oil or 0.2 mg/kg.bw B(a)P from pregnant day 1 (D1) to D7, while KGN cells were treated with DMSO, 1.0IU/mL hCG, or 1.0IU/mL hCG plus benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), a B(a)P metabolite. Our findings revealed that B(a)P exposure damaged embryo implantation and reduced estrogen and progesterone levels in early pregnant mice. Additionally, in vitro, BPDE impaired luteinization in KGN cells. We observed that B(a)P/BPDE promoted oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation, leading to apoptosis rather than pyroptosis in ovaries and luteinized KGN cells. This apoptotic response was mediated by the activation of inflammatory Caspase1 through the cleavage of BID. Furthermore, B(a)P/BPDE inhibited TRAF2 expression and suppressed NFκB signaling pathway activation. The administration of VX-765 to inhibit the Caspase1 activation, over-expression of TRAF2 using TRAF2-pcDNA3.1 (+) plasmid, and BetA-induced activation of NFκB signaling pathway successfully alleviated BPDE-induced apoptosis and cellular dysfunction in luteinized KGN cells. These findings were further confirmed in the KGN cell treated with H2O2 and NAC. In conclusion, this study elucidated that B(a)P/BPDE induces apoptosis rather than pyroptosis in GCs via TRAF2-NFκB-Caspase1 during early pregnancy, and highlighting OS as the primary contributor to B(a)P/BPDE-induced ovarian toxicity. Our results unveil a novel role of TRAF2-NFκB-Caspase1 in B(a)P-induced apoptosis and broaden the understanding of mechanisms underlying unexplained luteal phase deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanting Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Chen
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Junlin He
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Nanyan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Jiulongpo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400039, PR China
| | - Xinyi Mu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Taihang Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Lei Q, Du C, Ma Y, Shou Y, Chen L, Feng C, Zheng Y, Yu D, Jin Y. Identifying piRNAs that regulate BaP-induced lung injuries: A bottom-up approach from toxicity pathway investigation to animal validation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116330. [PMID: 38636406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) is an emerging class of small non-coding RNAs that has been recently reported to have functions in infertility, tumorigenesis, and multiple diseases in humans. Previously, 5 toxicity pathways were proposed from hundreds of toxicological studies that underlie BaP-induced lung injuries, and a "Bottom-up" approach was established to identify small non-coding RNAs that drive BaP-induced pulmonary effects by investigating the activation of these pathways in vitro, and the expression of the candidate microRNAs were validated in tissues of patients with lung diseases from publications. Here in this study, we employed the "Bottom-up" approach to identifying the roles of piRNAs and further validated the mechanisms in vivo using mouse acute lung injury model. Specifically, by non-coding RNA profiling in in vitro BaP exposure, a total of 3 suppressed piRNAs that regulate 5 toxicity pathways were proposed, including piR-004153 targeting CYP1A1, FGFR1, ITGA5, IL6R, NGRF, and SDHA, piR-020326 targeting CDK6, and piR-020388 targeting RASD1. Animal experiments demonstrated that tail vein injection of respective formulated agomir-piRNAs prior to BaP exposure could all alleviate acute lung injury that was shown by histopathological and biochemical evidences. Immunohistochemical evaluation focusing on NF-kB and Bcl-2 levels showed that exogenous piRNAs protect against BaP-induced inflammation and apoptosis, which further support that the inhibition of the 3 piRNAs had an important impact on BaP-induced lung injuries. This mechanism-driven, endpoint-supported result once again confirmed the plausibility and efficiency of the approach integrating in silico, in vitro, and in vivo evidences for the purpose of identifying key molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinkai Lei
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenlong Du
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yumei Ma
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingqing Shou
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chiyuan Feng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Yang G, Liu H, Xu S, Tian Z. Mitigating Effect of Matricin Against Benzo(a)pyrene-induced Lung Carcinogenesis in Experimental Mice Model. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1602-1610. [PMID: 38204250 PMCID: PMC11327749 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073273177231130094833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a life-threatening disease that is still prevalent worldwide. This study aims to evaluate the effects of matricin, a sesquiterpene, on the carcinogenic agent benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]-induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice. METHODS Lung cancer was induced by oral administration of B(a)P at 50 mg/kg b. wt. in model Swiss-albino mice (group II) as well in experimental group III, and treated with matricin (100 mg/kg b. wt.) in group III. Upon completion of treatment for 18 weeks, the changes in body weight, tumor formation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels (GSH, SOD, GPx, GR, QR, CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM), apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl-xL), tumor markers (carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE)), and histopathological (H&E) alterations were determined. RESULTS The results indicate that B(a)P caused a significant increase of tumor formation in the lungs, increased tumor markers and inflammatory cytokines in serum, and depletion of enzymatic/ non-enzymatic antioxidants and immunoglobulins, compared to the untreated control group. Matricin treatment significantly reversed the changes caused by B(a)P as evidenced by the biochemical and histopathological assays. CONCLUSION The changes caused by matricin clearly indicate the cancer-preventive effects of matricin against B(a)P-induced lung cancer in animal models, which can be attributed to the antioxidant activity, immunomodulation, and mitigation of the NF-kβ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, China
| | - Huining Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, China
| | - Siwei Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050000, China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011, China
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Ni Z, Ma H, Li X, Zou L, Liu Z, Wang X, Ma H, Yang L. Wogonin alleviates BaP-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in human airway epithelial cells by dual inhibiting CYP1A1 activity and expression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2717-2729. [PMID: 37515497 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a common air pollutant that has been reported to cause oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Wogonin, a flavonoid compound extracted from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, has been found to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of wogonin to alleviate the cytotoxicity induced by BaP in human airway epithelial cells and explore the corresponding mechanism. Our study found that wogonin treatment inhibited DNA damage and reactive oxygen species overproduction induced by BaP in human airway epithelial cells. In vitro enzyme assays showed that wogonin significantly inhibited the enzymatic activity of CYP1A1. In addition, wogonin decreased the basal level of CYP1A1 and inhibited the CYP1A1 overexpression induced by BaP, whereas overexpression of CYP1A1 partially reversed the effect of wogonin on BaP-induced DNA damage. Meanwhile, a CYP1A1 inhibitor and CYP1A1 knockdown also showed these same effects. Further studies showed that wogonin regulates CYP1A1 expression by inhibiting CDK7 and CDK9 activity. The use of CDK7 or CDK9 inhibitors decreased BaP-induced cytotoxicity and CYP1A1 expression. Finally, we found that the methoxy group of wogonin was crucial for its inhibitory activity. In conclusion, our data indicated that wogonin could effectively relieve BaP induced cytotoxicity, and its mechanism was related to the dual inhibition of CYP1A1 activity and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Ni
- Center for Systems Pharmacokinetics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Honghong Ma
- Center for Systems Pharmacokinetics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Center for Systems Pharmacokinetics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Zou
- Center for Systems Pharmacokinetics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongjun Liu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiongbiao Wang
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Center for Systems Pharmacokinetics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Yimam M, Horm T, O’Neal A, Jiao P, Hong M, Brownell L, Jia Q, Lin M, Gauthier A, Wu J, Venkat Mateti K, Yang X, Dial K, Zefi S, Mantell LL. A Standardized Botanical Composition Mitigated Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury and Reduced Mortality through Extracellular HMGB1 Reduction. Molecules 2023; 28:6560. [PMID: 37764336 PMCID: PMC10538186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HMGB1 is a key late inflammatory mediator upregulated during air-pollution-induced oxidative stress. Extracellular HMGB1 accumulation in the airways and lungs plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung injury. Decreasing extracellular HMBG1 levels may restore innate immune cell functions to protect the lungs from harmful injuries. Current therapies for air-pollution-induced respiratory problems are inadequate. Dietary antioxidants from natural sources could serve as a frontline defense against air-pollution-induced oxidative stress and lung damage. Here, a standardized botanical antioxidant composition from Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu was evaluated for its efficacy in attenuating acute inflammatory lung injury and sepsis. Murine models of disorders, including hyperoxia-exposed, bacterial-challenged acute lung injury, LPS-induced sepsis, and LPS-induced acute inflammatory lung injury models were utilized. The effect of the botanical composition on phagocytic activity and HMGB1 release was assessed using hyperoxia-stressed cultured macrophages. Analyses, such as hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining for lung tissue damage evaluation, ELISA for inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, Western blot analysis for proteins, including extracellular HMGB1, and bacterial counts in the lungs and airways, were performed. Statistically significant decreases in mortality (50%), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and chemokines (CINC-3) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and increased bacterial clearance from airways and lungs; reduced airway total protein, and decreased extracellular HMGB1 were observed in in vivo studies. A statistically significant 75.9% reduction in the level of extracellular HMGB1 and an increase in phagocytosis were observed in cultured macrophages. The compilations of data in this report strongly suggest that the botanical composition could be indicated for oxidative-stress-induced lung damage protection, possibly through attenuation of increased extracellular HMGB1 accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Yimam
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Teresa Horm
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Alexandria O’Neal
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Ping Jiao
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Mei Hong
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Lidia Brownell
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Qi Jia
- Unigen Inc., 2121 South State Street, Suite #400, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA; (T.H.); (A.O.); (P.J.); (M.H.); (L.B.); (Q.J.)
| | - Mosi Lin
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Alex Gauthier
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Kranti Venkat Mateti
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Xiaojian Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Katelyn Dial
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Sidorela Zefi
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
| | - Lin L. Mantell
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (M.L.); (A.G.); (J.W.); (K.V.M.); (X.Y.); (K.D.); (S.Z.); (L.L.M.)
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Zhang M, Qiang Y. Catalpol ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress via regulating Sirt1 and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling against acute kidney injury. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2182-2191. [PMID: 37436358 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septic acute kidney injury (SAKI) is usually caused by sepsis. It has been shown that catalpol (Cat) impairs sepsis-evoked organ dysfunction to a certain degree. The current work aims to evaluate the protective effects of Cat on SAKI and potential mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. METHODS SAKI cellular and murine model were set up using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro and in vivo. Cell apoptosis in cells was determined by TUNEL assay. Levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of the markers of oxidative injury were evaluated by corresponding commercial kits. Protein levels were assayed via western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. RESULTS The results demonstrated that LPS upregulated TNF-α, IL-6, and malondialdehyde levels, and downregulated superoxide dismutase, whereas Cat treated cells have the opposite results. Functional assays displayed that Cat remarkably reversed the LPS-challenged damage as the impairment of TNF-α and IL-6 levels, oxidative stress, and the apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Moreover, knockdown of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) counteracted the suppressive impact of Cat on LPS-triggered inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and renal damage. Further, Cat elevated Sirt1 expression and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in LPS-engendered SAKI in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Our study clearly proved that Cat protected against LPS-induced SAKI via synergic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions by regulating Sirt1 and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Changzhou Wujin People's Hospital, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanjuan Qiang
- Department of Nephrology, Changzhou Wujin People's Hospital, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Barangi S, Ghodsi P, Mehrabi A, Mehri S, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Melatonin attenuates cardiopulmonary toxicity induced by benzo(a)pyrene in mice focusing on apoptosis and autophagy pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:33113-33123. [PMID: 36474038 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and a serious environmental pollutant. BaP is formed by the incomplete combustion of organic matter at high temperatures. In addition, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially charbroiled food and grilled meats, contain BaP and can cause it to enter human body. Melatonin, a pineal gland hormone, has antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and autophagy regulatory properties. The possible protective impact of melatonin on cardiopulmonary toxicity induced by BaP was investigated by examining the antioxidant effects and the apoptosis and autophagy properties of melatonin. Thirty male mice were divided into 5 groups and treated for 28 days as follows: (I) control (BaP and melatonin solvent), (II) BaP (75 mg/kg, oral gavage), (III and IV) BaP (75 mg/kg) + melatonin (10 and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), (V) melatonin (20 mg/kg). The oxidative stress factors (MDA and GSH content) were assessed in the heart and lung tissues. The levels of apoptotic (Caspase-3 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio) and autophagic (the LC3 ӀӀ/Ӏ, Beclin-1, and Sirt1) proteins were examined by using western blot analysis. Following the administration of BaP, MDA, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the Caspase-3 proteins increased in the heart and lung tissues, while GSH, Sirt1, Beclin-1, and the LC3 II/I ratio diminished. The coadministration of melatonin along with BaP, MDA, and apoptotic proteins returned to the control values, while GSH and the autophagy proteins were enhanced in both the heart and lungs. Melatonin exhibited a protective effect against BaP-induced heart and lung injury through the suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis and the induction of the Sirt1/autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Barangi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pardis Ghodsi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adeleh Mehrabi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental/Occupational Risk Analysis & Management, University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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9
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Duan J, He L, Deng W, Lu M, Zhai Y, Pei F, Liu S, Zhang C. Natural swietenine attenuates diabetic nephropathy by regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathways: In vivo and in vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2977-2989. [PMID: 36066211 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Swietenine (Swi), isolated from Swietenia macrophylla King ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress, and diabetic nephropathy has a close connection with them. So the effects of Swi on diabetic nephropathy and its mechanism of action was explored. We divided human mesangial cells into five groups and determined the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasomes in each group. The levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 were also measured. To explore the relationship between NF-κB and NLRP3, we added PDTC, a specific NF-κB inhibitor, and LPS, and divided the experimental groups into seven groups. We measured the expressions of NF-κB and NLRP3, and then added MCC950, a specific inhibitor of NLRP3 and LPS, the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β and IL-18 were measured. Animals divided into four groups and administered over 8 weeks. Protein excretion, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and uric acid were measured. Swi down regulated the expression of NF-κB, NLRP3, and Caspase-1. It reduced the levels of IL-1β and IL-18. PDTC decreased the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3. Compared with the HG + PDTC group, the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 in the HG + Swi + PDTC group decreased significantly. After adding lipopolysaccharide, the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 increased, but this situation was reversed after adding Swi. After adding LPS, the expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 increased, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 also increased, but this situation was reversed after the addition of Swi. Swi significantly improved the renal function of mice with diabetic nephropathy and inhibited the activation of NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome and reduced inflammation by regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway, thereby improving diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liangliang He
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yutong Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feilong Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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10
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Shree A, Islam J, Yadav V, Sultana S, Khan HA. Hesperetin alleviates DMH induced toxicity via suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation in the colon of Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2153-2166. [PMID: 35567572 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH), a colon-specific environmental toxicant is one among the carcinogen responsible for the cause of colon cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Hesperetin (HST) against colon toxicity induced by DMH in Wistar rats. HST, a flavonoid widely found in citrus fruits possesses several biological activities including anti-microbial, anti-oxidant properties among others. A single dose of DMH (40 mg/kg body weight) was administered subcutaneously on 1st day for induction of colon toxicity followed by oral treatment with HST at a dose of 20 mg/kg bodyweight for 14 consecutive days. DMH administration leads to excessive ROS generation, resulting in an imbalance in redox homeostasis and causing membrane lipid peroxidation, which is also partly due to the decrease in the level of tissue antioxidant machinery. Our result showed HST significantly ameliorates DMH-induced lipid peroxidation and also substantially increases the activity/level of various anti-oxidant proteins (GR, GPx, GST, GSH, and SOD). HST was also found to reduce the expression of inflammatory proteins (TNF-α, IL-6, i-NOS, COX-2, NF-kB-p65), goblet cell disintegration as well as mucin depletion (sulfo and sialomucin) in the colon that was found to be elevated upon administration of DMH. Our histological results further provide confirmation of the protective role of HST against DMH-induced pathological alterations. The results of the present study demonstrate supplementation of HST is beneficial in ameliorating DMH-induced toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, goblet cell disintegration as well mucin depletion in the colon of Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Shree
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Oncology, PGIMS-Rohtak, Rohtak, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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11
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Islam J, Shree A, Khan HA, Sultana S. Chemopreventive potential of Diosmin against benzo[a]pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss Albino mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23187. [PMID: 35920545 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer, one of the most common cancer is a cause of concern associated with cancer-related mortality. Benzo[a]pyrene [B(a)P], a potent carcinogen as well as an environmental contaminant is reported to be found in cigarette smoke among various sources. The present study focuses on the chemopreventive potential of Diosmin against B[a]P-induced lung carcinogenesis and its possible mechanism in male Swiss Albino mice (SAM). SAM were treated orally with Diosmin (200 mg/kg b.w.) for 16 weeks and/or B[a]P (50 mg/kg b.w) for a period of 4 weeks. B[a]P treated cancerous mice showed increased peroxidation of membrane lipid as well as a decrease in the level/activity of antioxidant proteins. Cancerous mice also showed an increased level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Diosmin treatment, however, leads to decreased peroxidation of lipids, increased antioxidant proteins as well decrease in the level of CEA and NSE. B[a]P-induced cancerous animals also exhibited increased expression of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), COX2 as well as prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) while Diosmin-treated mice were found to have an ameliorative effect. Histopathological results further confirm the protective effect of Diosmin in averting B[a]P-induced pathological alterations of lung tissue. Overall, our results suggest Diosmin exerts its chemopreventive potential possibly via targeting the CREB/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/PGE2 pathway thereby repressing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johirul Islam
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alpa Shree
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Haider Ali Khan
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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12
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Therapeutic Potential of Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) Extract in Prevention of Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Lung Injury through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Signalling Molecules. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases are a leading cause of lung-related death worldwide. The vital factors causing lung pathogenesis include consistent exposure to tobacco smoke, air pollution, and occupational risks. Regarding the significant morbidity and mortality linked to lung pathogenesis, there are neither conclusive treatments nor wholly preventive strategies. In the present study, the protective mechanism of Ajwa date extract (ADE), on Benzopyrene [B(a)P]-induced lung injury in animal models was investigated using antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, anti-inflammatory activities, angiogenesis, histopathological studies, and apoptosis assays. B(a)P treatment significantly decreased the level of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (Cat) (13.4 vs. 24.7 U/mg protein), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (38.5 vs. 65.7 U/mg protein), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (42.4 vs. 57.3 U/mg protein) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (49.8 vs. 98.7 nM) as compared to the treatment group (p < 0.05). B(a)P treatment led to increased expression of pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-α (88.5 vs. 72.6 pg/mL), IFN-γ (4.86 vs. 3.56 pg/mL), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (109.6 vs. 85.4 pg/mL) and CRP (1.84 vs. 0.94 ng/mL) as compared to the treatment group (p < 0.05). The data shows a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and angiogenesis factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by B(a)P treatment (p < 0.05). However, ADE treatment showed an improvement of these factors. In addition, ADE treatment significantly ameliorated histopathological changes, collagen fiber deposition, and expression pattern of VEGF and Bax proteins. Furthermore, the flow cytometry data demonstrated that B(a)P intoxication enhanced the apoptosis ratio, which was significantly improved with ADE treatment. Finally, we may infer that Phyto-constituents of ADE have the potential to protect against B(a)P-induced lung pathogenesis. Therefore, Ajwa dates might be used to develop a possible potent alternative therapy for lung pathogenesis.
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Mahdiani S, Omidkhoda N, Heidari S, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Protective effect of luteolin against chemical and natural toxicants by targeting NF-κB pathway. Biofactors 2022; 48:744-762. [PMID: 35861671 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Humans are continuously exposed to environmental, occupational, consumer and household products, food, and pharmaceutical substances. Luteolin, a flavone from the flavonoids family of compounds, is found in different fruits and vegetables. LUT is a strong anti-inflammatory (via inhibition of NF-κB, ERK1/2, MAPK, JNK, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and antioxidant agent (reducing ROS and enhancement of endogenous antioxidants). LUT can chelate transition metal ions responsible for ROS generation and consequently repress lipoxygenase. It has been proven that NF-κB, as a commom cellular pathway plays a considerable role in the progression of inflammatory process and stimulates the expression of genes encoding inducible pro-inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) and cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. This review summarizes the available literature discussing LUT and its potential protective role against pharmaceuticals-, metals-, and environmental compounds-induced toxicities. Furthermore, the review explains the involved protective mechanisms, especially inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Mahdiani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Navid Omidkhoda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shadi Heidari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Protective Effects of Thymoquinone, an Active Compound of Nigella sativa, on Rats with Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Lung Injury through Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113218. [PMID: 34072086 PMCID: PMC8199466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzopyrene [B(a)P] is a well-recognized environmental carcinogen, which promotes oxidative stress, inflammation, and other metabolic complications. In the current study, the therapeutic effects of thymoquinone (TQ) against B(a)P-induced lung injury in experimental rats were examined. B(a)P used at 50 mg/kg b.w. induced lung injury that was investigated via the evaluation of lipid profile, inflammatory markers, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. B(a)P also led to a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) (34.3 vs. 58.5 U/mg protein), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (42.4 vs. 72.8 U/mg protein), catalase (CAT) (21.2 vs. 30.5 U/mg protein), and total antioxidant capacity compared to normal animals. Treatment with TQ, used at 50 mg/kg b.w., led to a significant reduction in triglycerides (TG) (196.2 vs. 233.7 mg/dL), total cholesterol (TC) (107.2 vs. 129.3 mg/dL), and inflammatory markers and increased the antioxidant enzyme level in comparison with the group that was administered B(a)P only (p < 0.05). B(a)P administration led to the thickening of lung epithelium, increased inflammatory cell infiltration, damaged lung tissue architecture, and led to accumulation of collagen fibres as studied through haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Sirius red, and Masson’s trichrome staining. Moreover, the recognition of apoptotic nuclei and expression pattern of NF-κB were evaluated through the TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The histopathological changes were found to be considerably low in the TQ-treated animal group. The TUNEL-positive cells increased significantly in the B(a)P-induced group, whereas the TQ-treated group showed a decreased apoptosis rate. Significantly high cytoplasmic expression of NF-κB in the B(a)P-induced group was seen, and this expression was prominently reduced in the TQ-treated group. Our results suggest that TQ can be used in the protection against benzopyrene-caused lung injury.
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Taxifolin ameliorates Benzo[a]pyrene-induced lung injury possibly via stimulating the Nrf2 signalling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107566. [PMID: 33813368 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene, an environmental contaminant as well as a mutagen is widely found in cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust particles among other sources. The present study underlines the protective effect of Taxifolin on B[a]P induced lung injury in male Swiss Albino Mice by analyzing the activity/level of various pro and anti-oxidant parameters, Inflammatory markers, Phase II enzyme, as well as lung histology. Taxifolin was administered orally to mice at either dose of 20 or 40 mg/kg body weight for 14 days and then challenged with a single dose of B[a]P (125 mg/kg body weight by oral gavage) on the 14th day. Our results show treatment with B[a]P leads to increased activity/level of CYP450R, EH, pro-inflammatory proteins, as well as lipid peroxidation and reduce level/activity of anti-oxidant molecules while Taxifolin treatment shows ameliorative effect. Administration of B[a]P also leads to decrease in expression of ROS sensitive factor Nrf2 and its downstream target NQO1,HO-1,SOD while Taxifolin treated animals showed a very high level of expression of Nrf2,NQO1,HO-1,SOD. Since Nrf2 plays central role in providing resistance to oxidative stress and also suppresses inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB,we concluded Taxifolin suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation in B[a]P induced lung injury possibly via stimulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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16
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Nkpaa KW, Owoeye O, Amadi BA, Adedara IA, Abolaji AO, Wegwu MO, Farombi EO. Ethanol exacerbates manganese-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-κB activation, and apoptosis induction in rat cerebellar cortex. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22681. [PMID: 33314588 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exposure is causing public health concerns as well as heavy alcohol consumption. This study investigates the mechanisms of neurotoxicity associated with Mn and ethanol (EtOH) exposure in the rat cerebellar cortex. Experimental animals received 30 mg/kg of Mn alone, 5 g/kg of EtOH alone, co-exposed with 30 mg/kg of Mn and 1.25 or 5 g/kg EtOH, while control animals received water by oral gavage for 35 days. Subsequently, alterations in the neuronal morphology of the cerebellar cortex, oxidative/nitrosative stress, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, neuro-inflammation and protein expression of p53, BAX, caspase-3, and BCL-2 were investigated. The results indicate that Mn alone and EtOH alone induce neuronal alterations in the cerebellar cortex, decrease glutathione level and antioxidant enzyme activities, along with an increase in AChE activity, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide generation. Mn alone and EtOH alone also increased neuro-inflammatory markers, namely nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase activity, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) levels in the cerebellar cortex. Immunohistochemistry analysis further revealed that exposure of Mn alone and EtOH alone increases the protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2, BAX, p53, and caspase-3 and decrease BCL-2 in the rat cerebellar cortex. Furthermore, the results indicated that Mn co-exposure with EtOH at 1.25 and 5 g/kg EtOH significantly (p ≤ .05) increases the toxicity in the cerebellum when compared with the toxicity of Mn or EtOH alone. Taken together, co-exposure of Mn and EtOH exacerbates neuronal alterations, oxidative/nitrosative stress, AChE activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, NF-κB signal transcription, and apoptosis induction in the rat cerebellar cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kpobari W Nkpaa
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Olatunde Owoeye
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin A Amadi
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Amos O Abolaji
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Matthew O Wegwu
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Khan A, Alhumaydhi FA, Alwashmi ASS, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi FA, Almatroudi A, Mobark MA, Mousa A, Khan MA. Diallyl Sulfide-Mediated Modulation of the Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) Leads to Cancer Cell Death in BaP-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis in Swiss Mice. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:1075-1087. [PMID: 33324084 PMCID: PMC7733419 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s284279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diallyl sulfide (DAS), one of the organo-sulfur secondary metabolites in garlic, has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanism of DAS in the prevention of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced lung cancer in a murine model. Materials and Methods The mice were exposed to 50 mg/kg of BaP twice a week for 4 weeks in order to induce lung carcinoma. Pretreatment of mice with DAS (100 mg/kg) was started 2 weeks before BaP exposure and further continued for 21 weeks. The effect of DAS and BaP was evaluated by studying various parameters in the serum and tissues of the treated or untreated BaP-exposed mice. Results The histopathological findings demonstrated that DAS prevented the progression of malignant lung cancer and metastasis in the liver. A significant drop was observed in BaP-induced tumor marker enzymes (ADA, AHH, γ-GT, LDH) in the serum of the mice treated with DAS. Moreover, DAS treatment resulted in the recovery of antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT, in BaP-exposed mice. The induction of apoptosis and the destruction of cellular ROS were detected in cancer cells from the mice pre-treated with DAS. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed the up-regulation of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in the lungs and liver tissues of BaP-exposed mice and the treatment with DAS inhibited FASN expression. Conclusion The findings of the present study indicated that DAS-induced apoptosis is strongly associated with the downregulation of FASN in tumor tissues. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that describes the role of FASN in BaP-induced lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen S S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris A Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mugahid A Mobark
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan
| | - Ayman Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Afzal SM, Vafa A, Rashid S, Barnwal P, Shahid A, Shree A, Islam J, Ali N, Sultana S. Protective effect of hesperidin against N,N'-dimethylhydrazine induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic response in the colon of Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 36:642-653. [PMID: 33289288 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HD), a citrus bioflavonoid possesses a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-carcinogenic properties. In the present study, we investigated the effect of HD treatment on N,N'-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and goblet cell disintegration in the colon of Wistar rats. Administration of HD was done at two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) orally to rats daily for 14 days followed by a single subcutaneous injection of DMH (40 mg/kg body weight) on the 14th day and next day animals were sacrificed. The protective potential of HD against colon toxicity was measured through membrane oxidation, antioxidant status, inflammatory and apoptotic markers expression, and histological changes. Results demonstrated that HD inhibited DMH mediated oxidative damage by diminishing the level of peroxidation of lipids and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, and glutathione reductase. Moreover, HD attenuated inflammatory (NF-кB, IL-6, and COX-2) and apoptotic (p38-MAPK, p53, and caspase-3) markers expression. HD also attenuated the DMH induced goblet cell disintegration and restored histoarchitecture of the colon. The results of the present study demonstrate that HD efficiently protects against DMH induced colon toxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekh Mohammad Afzal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Vafa
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Preeti Barnwal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayaz Shahid
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alpa Shree
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
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In Vivo Anti-inflammatory Potential of Viscozyme ®-Treated Jujube Fruit. Foods 2020; 9:foods9081033. [PMID: 32752184 PMCID: PMC7466189 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba, commonly called jujube, has long been consumed for its health benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effect of dietary supplementation of enzymatically hydrolyzed jujube against lung inflammation in mice. The macerated flesh of jujube was extracted with aqueous ethanol before and after Viscozyme treatment. The extract of enzyme-treated jujube, called herein hydrolyzed jujube extract (HJE), contained higher levels of quercetin, total phenolics, and flavonoids, and exhibited more effective radical-scavenging abilities in comparison to non-hydrolyzed jujube extract (NHJE). HJE treatment decreased production of inflammation-associated molecules, including nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines from activated Raw 264.7 or differentiated THP-1 cells. HJE treatment also reduced expression of nuclear factor-κB and its downstream proteins in A549 human lung epithelial cells. Moreover, oral supplementation of 1.5 g of HJE per kg of body weight (BW) attenuated histological lung damage, decreased plasma cytokines, and inhibited expression of inflammatory proteins and oxidative stress mediators in the lungs of mice exposed to benzo(a)pyrene at 50 mg/kg BW. Expression levels of antioxidant and cytoprotective factors, such as nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1, were increased in lung and liver tissues from mice treated with HJE, compared to mice fed NHJE. These findings indicate that dietary HJE can reduce benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung inflammation by inhibiting cytokine release from macrophages and promoting antioxidant defenses in vivo.
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Gao J, Li Y, Yang X, Hu M, Xu J, Cheng L, Cao K, Liu L, Wang X. Changrui enema inhibits inflammation-induced angiogenesis in acute radiation proctitis by regulating NF-κB and VEGF. Acta Cir Bras 2020; 35:e202000502. [PMID: 32638843 PMCID: PMC7341993 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020200050000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Changrui enema, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used as a supplementary treatment for acute radiation proctitis (ARP). Herein we explored the inhibition effects of Changrui enema on NF-κB and VEGF in ARP mice. Methods A total of 120 C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into normal mice group, ARP mice group, western medicine enema group (dexamethasone combined with gentamicin), and Changrui enema group. ARP mice were established by pelvic local irradiation. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1, AQP3, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by immunohistochemistry or western blot. Results The study firstly found that Changrui enema alleviated ARP mice. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1 and p-ERK1/2 was increased in ARP mice, and was reserved by Changrui enema. However, the expression of AQP3 and p-JNK was decreased in ARP mice, and was up-regulated by Changrui enema. Conclusions Changrui enema is an effective treatment with fewer side effects for ARP. The mechanism of Changrui enema may be related to the inhibition of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Changrui enema inhibits IL-1β and NF-κB expression as well as VEGF expression. Interestingly, AQP1 promotes angiogenesis, while AQP3 inhibits inflammation. Changrui enema probably inhibits AQP1 expression by down-regulating p-ERK1/2, and improves AQP3 expression by up-regulating p-JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Gao
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | - Xi Yang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Min Hu
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Kaiqi Cao
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Likun Liu
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xixing Wang
- Shanxi Province Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Almatroodi SA, Alrumaihi F, Alsahli MA, Alhommrani MF, Khan A, Rahmani AH. Curcumin, an Active Constituent of Turmeric Spice: Implication in the Prevention of Lung Injury Induced by Benzo(a) Pyrene (BaP) in Rats. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030724. [PMID: 32046055 PMCID: PMC7037262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a well-known carcinogen and enhances oxidative stress and apoptosis and also alters several molecular pathways. Curcumin is an active ingredient of Curcuma longa, and it has potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity that defends cells from oxidative stress and cell death. The objectives of the present study were to explore the protective effects of curcumin against long-term administration of BaP induced disturbances in lungs of rats. Male rats were randomly divided into four groups: saline control, BaP only, BaP + curcumin, and curcumin only. Lung histopathology, electron microscopy, inflammatory cytokine release, antioxidant levels, apoptosis, and cell cycle were examined. Instillation of BaP significantly increased infiltration of inflammatory cells in alveolar space and inflammatory cytokine in blood. BaP induced lung tissue alterations including mild bronchitis, scant chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate in the wall of the respiratory bronchiole, and mild intra-alveolar haemorrhage. However, these alterations were found to be significantly less as mild inflammatory cell infiltrate in curcumin plus BaP treated group. Furthermore, electron microscopy results also showed necrotic changes and broken cell membrane of Type-II epithelial cell of alveoli in BaP group, which was reduced after adding curcumin treatment. In addition, we found BaP plus curcumin treatment effectively reduced inflammatory cytokines Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in blood serum. Moreover, the levels of tunnel staining and p53 expression were significantly increased by BaP, whereas these changes were noticeably modulated after curcumin treatment. BaP also interferes in normal cell cycle, which was significantly improved with curcumin treatment. Overall, our findings suggest that curcumin attenuates BaP -induced lung injury, probably through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in lung epithelial cells, and improving cell proliferation and antioxidants level. Thus, curcumin may be an alternative therapy for improving the outcomes of Benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mazen Fahad Alhommrani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.A.); (M.F.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +3800050 (ext. 4835)
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Nkpaa KW, Adedara IA, Amadi BA, Wegwu MO, Farombi EO. Ethanol via Regulation of NF-κB/p53 Signaling Pathway Increases Manganese-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Hypothalamus of Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 190:101-108. [PMID: 30284675 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The diet is a major route of manganese (Mn) exposure for humans. Interestingly, several epidemiological data demonstrated an increase in the incidence of alcohol consumption globally. Chemical-chemical interaction subsequent to chemical mixtures exposure may result in a synergism or antagonism effects. The present study investigated the influence of co-exposure to ethanol (EtOH) and Mn on inflammation and apoptosis in the hypothalamus of rats. The study consisted of five groups of rats that were exposed to drinking water alone, EtOH alone at 5 g/kg, Mn alone at 30 mg/kg or co-expose with EtOH at 1.25 and 5 g/kg body weight by oral gavage for 35 consecutive days. The results indicated that the significant (p < 0.05) increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation in the hypothalamus following individual exposure to Mn and EtOH to rats were intensified in the co-exposure group. Moreover, immunohistochemistry analysis showed marked decrease in B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein expression as well as the increases in the apoptotic proteins, namely Bax and caspase-3 along with p53 in the hypothalamus of rats treated with Mn or EtOH alone were intensified in the co-exposure group. Taken together, these findings highlight that EtOH exacerbated the induction of inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers via regulation of NF-κB/p53 signaling pathways in the hypothalamus of rats. These alterations may have profound disrupting effects on the hypothalamus functions such as impairment of it metabolic and autonomic nervous system functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kpobari W Nkpaa
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria.
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin A Amadi
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Matthew O Wegwu
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Ajayi BO, Adedara IA, Farombi EO. 6-Gingerol abates benzo[a]pyrene-induced colonic injury via suppression of oxido-inflammatory stress responses in BALB/c mice. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:1-7. [PMID: 31004597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), the most toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and a procarcinogen, is a global health concern which necessitates preventive measures. [6]-Gingerol (6-G), the most pharmacologically active constituent of ginger has been reported to promote gut health in various experimental settings. This study investigated the role of 6-G in BaP-induced colonic oxidative and inflammatory stress responses in mice. Experimental mice were randomly assigned into five groups of eight mice each and were orally gavage with BaP (125 mg/kg) singly or in combination with 6-G at 50 and 100 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. Following sacrifice, the colonic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), myeloperoxidase (MPO) as well as levels of glutathione (GSH), nitrites and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assessed spectrophotometrically. Moreover, colonic concentration of epoxide hydrolase (EPXH), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were assessed using ELISA. Administration of 6-G augmented BaP detoxification and colonic antioxidant status by increasing the EPXH, GST, SOD and CAT activities, GSH level with concomitant decrease in MDA level when compared with BaP alone group. In addition, 6-G suppressed BaP-induced colonic inflammation by decreasing MPO activity as well as nitrites, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2 and iNOS levels when compared with BaP alone group. In conclusion, 6-G protected against a decrease in colonic epoxide detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant defense mechanisms caused by BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babajide O Ajayi
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Nkpaa KW, Amadi BA, Wegwu MO, Farombi EO. Ethanol increases manganese—Induced spatial learning and memory deficits via oxidative/nitrosative stress induced p53 dependent/independent hippocampal apoptosis. Toxicology 2019; 418:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li Q, Gao C, Deng H, Song Q, Yuan L. Benzo[a]pyrene induces pyroptotic and autophagic death through inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HL-7702 human normal liver cells. J Toxicol Sci 2019; 44:121-131. [PMID: 30726812 DOI: 10.2131/jts.44.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(α)pyrene (BaP) possesses a forceful hepatotoxicity, and is ubiquitous in foods and ambient air. Our previous study found that BaP induced pyroptotic and autophagic death in HL-7702 human liver cells; the relevant mechanisms, however, remain unknown. This work was therefore to unravel the effects of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on pyroptotic and autophagic death triggered by BaP. Cells were treated with or without LY294002 (PI3K/Akt inhibitor) and IGF-1 (PI3K/Akt activator) before BaP exposure, and the results showed that compared with the control, the protein expression of p-Akt was markedly decreased by BaP (p < 0.05). IGF-1 did not subvert this inhibitive effect of BaP, while LY294002 enhanced it. Furthermore, the protein expression of pyroptosis (Cleaved Caspase-1, NO, IL-1β, IL-18), as well as LDH and the relative electrical conductivity were significantly augmented by BaP. The levels of these indices were increased by LY294002 pretreatment, and decreased by IGF-1. Similarly, LY294002 enhanced BaP-induced increase in the key protein expression of autophagy (Beclin-1 and LC3II), while IGF-1 weakened it. Finally, the phosphorylation of FOXO4 was clearly (p < 0.01) inhibited by BaP, and LY294002 suppressed this inhibitive effect of BaP, while IGF-1 strengthened it. In conclusion, BaP was able to induce pyroptotic and autophagic death via blocking the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HL-7702 liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshu Li
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Chunxia Gao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Hong Deng
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Quancai Song
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, China
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Ahmed MAE, El Morsy EM, Ahmed AAE. Protective effects of febuxostat against paraquat-induced lung toxicity in rats: Impact on RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway and downstream inflammatory cascades. Life Sci 2019; 221:56-64. [PMID: 30726711 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The herbicide paraquat causes fatal lung toxicity by induction of xanthine oxidase, production of free radicals and inflammation. Febuxostat, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and anti-gout has recently shown anti-inflammatory activity. Accordingly, this study was carried out to investigate whether febuxostat may attenuate paraquat-induced lung toxicity and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Rats were administered either vehicle, a single dose of paraquat (30 mg/kg, i.p.), febuxostat (15 mg/kg, oral), or both for 14 successive days. Serum LDH and sRAGE were estimated. Lung tissue xanthine oxidase activity, SOD, TAC, MDA, and RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and β-catenin protein expression, MMP-9, IL-8, VEGF and COX-2 gene expression were estimated. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that paraquat induced lung injury characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation, upregulated RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and β-catenin protein expression. Administration of febuxostat inhibited the deleterious effects of paraquat on lung through inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and related oxidative stress, downregulation of RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway, and suppression of β-catenin protein expression and its downstream inflammatory mediators. SIGNIFICANCE The present study showed that febuxostat may abrogate paraquat-induced lung toxicity and demonstrated a novel mechanism for its ameliorative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Engy M El Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
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Afsar T, Razak S, Almajwal A, Khan MR. Acacia hydaspica R. Parker ameliorates cisplatin induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and morphological alterations in rat pulmonary tissue. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:49. [PMID: 29394892 PMCID: PMC5797377 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CP) drug is platinum compounds used for the treatment of various human malignancies. However, adverse outcomes related to CP restrict its usage. Acacia hydaspica is a natural shrub with various pharmacological properties. The current investigation aimed to assess the protective potential of A. hydaspica polyphenol rich ethyl acetate extract (AHE) against cisplatin (CP) induced pulmonary toxicity. Methods Rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 served as control (saline); Group 2 (drug control) recieved single dose of CP (7.5 mg/kg i.p.) on 1st day; Group 3 (extract control) (400 mg/kg bw, p.o.) received AHE for one week; Group 4 (Post-treated) and Group 5 (pretreated) received AHE (400 mg/kg bw/day, p.o) for 7 days after and before CP (7.5 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) respectively; Group 6 (Standard control) received silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w/7 days) before CP. At the end of dosing rats were sacrificed and pulmonary tissue samples were processed for the evaluation of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress markers, genotoxicity and histopathological alterations. Results CP caused body weights loss and increase pulmonary tissue weight. The CP significantly increases oxidative stress markers and decreases tissue antioxidant enzyme levels. Furthermore, CP induced deleterious changes in the microanatomy of pulmonary tissue by rupturing the alveolar septa, thickening of alveolar walls, and injuring the cells with subsequent collapse of blood vessels. AHE pretreatment returned MDA, NO, H2O2 production and improved tissue antioxidant enzyme levels to near normalcy. The histological observations evidenced that AHE effectively rescues the lungs from CP-mediated oxidative damage. CP induction in rats also caused DNA fragmentation which was restored by AHE treatment. Our results suggest that pretreatment more significantly improve CP induced deleterious effects compared with post treatment indicating protective effect. Potency of AHE pretreatment is similar to silymarin. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that A. hydaspica AHE extract might serve as potential adjuvant that prevents CP persuaded pulmonary toxicity due to its intrinsic antioxidant potential and polyphenolic constituents.
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Yuan L, Liu J, Deng H, Gao C. Benzo[a]pyrene Induces Autophagic and Pyroptotic Death Simultaneously in HL-7702 Human Normal Liver Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9763-9773. [PMID: 28990778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As a common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is readily produced in processing of oil and fatty foods. It is not only a strong carcinogen but also a substance with strong immunotoxicity and reproduction toxicity. Autophagy and pyroptosis are two types of programmed cell death. Whether or not BaP damages body tissues via autophagy or pyroptosis remains unknown. The present study investigated the effects of BaP on autophagy and pyroptosis in HL-7702 cells. The results showed that BaP induced cell death in HL-7702 cells enhanced the intracellular levels of ROS and arrested the cell cycle at the S phase. Additionally, BaP resulted in cell death through autophagy and pyroptosis. Compared with the BaP group, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited the release of LDH by 70.53% ± 0.46 and NO by 50.36% ± 0.80, the increase of electrical conductivity by 12.08% ± 0.55, and the expressions of pyroptotic marker proteins (Caspase-1, Cox-2, IL-1β, IL-18). The pyroptosis inhibitor Ac-YVAD-CM also notably (p < 0.01) blocked BaP-induced autophagic cell death characterized by the increase of autophagic vacuoles and overexpression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II. In conclusion, BaP led to injury by inducing autophagy and pyroptosis simultaneously, the two of which coexisted and promoted each other in HL-7702 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Chunxia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an, 710119, China
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Guo F, Lin SC, Zhao MS, Yu B, Li XY, Gao Q, Lin DJ. microRNA-142-3p inhibits apoptosis and inflammation induced by bleomycin through down-regulation of Cox-2 in MLE-12 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5974. [PMID: 28678919 PMCID: PMC5496156 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20175974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
microRNA (miR)-142-3p is implicated in malignancy and has been identified as a biomarker for aggressive and recurrent lung adenocarcinomas. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of miR-142-3p on apoptosis and inflammation induced by bleomycin in MLE-12 cells. MLE-12 cells were first transfected either with miR-142-3p mimic or miR-142-3p inhibitor and then the cells were exposed to 50 μg/mL of bleomycin. Thereafter, cell viability, apoptosis and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using CCK-8, flow cytometry, RT-PCR and western blot analyses. Cox-2, PI3K, AKT and mTOR expressions were detected by western blotting after bleomycin was administered together with NS-398 (an inhibitor of Cox-2). As a result, cell viability was significantly decreased, as well as apoptosis and the expression of IL-1 and TNF-α were remarkably increased after 50 and 100 μg/mL of bleomycin administration. miR-142-3p overexpression alleviated bleomycin-induced apoptosis and overproduction of these two pro-inflammatory cytokines, while miR-142-3p suppression exhibited completely opposite results. Up-regulation of Cox-2 and inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR were found in bleomycin-pretreated cells, while these abnormal regulations were partially abolished by miR-142-3p overexpression and NS-398. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that miR-142-3p overexpression protected bleomycin-induced injury in lung epithelial MLE-12 cells, possibly via regulating Cox-2 expression and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings provide evidence that miR-142-3p may be a therapeutic strategy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - S C Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - M S Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - B Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - X Y Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Q Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - D J Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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