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Sheikhnia F, Fazilat A, Rashidi V, Azizzadeh B, Mohammadi M, Maghsoudi H, Majidinia M. Exploring the therapeutic potential of quercetin in cancer treatment: Targeting long non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155374. [PMID: 38889494 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The escalating global incidence of cancer, which results in millions of fatalities annually, underscores the pressing need for effective pharmacological interventions across diverse cancer types. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of RNA molecules that lack protein-coding capacity but profoundly impact gene expression regulation, have emerged as pivotal players in key cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, cellular metabolism, and drug resistance. Among natural compounds, quercetin, a phenolic compound abundantly present in fruits and vegetables has garnered attention due to its significant anticancer properties. Quercetin demonstrates the ability to inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis-a process often impaired in malignant cells. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the therapeutic potential of quercetin in cancer treatment, with a specific focus on its intricate interactions with lncRNAs. We explore how quercetin modulates lncRNA expression and function to exert its anticancer effects. Notably, quercetin suppresses oncogenic lncRNAs that drive cancer development and progression while enhancing tumor-suppressive lncRNAs that impede cancer growth and dissemination. Additionally, we discuss quercetin's role as a chemopreventive agent, which plays a crucial role in mitigating cancer risk. We address research challenges and future directions, emphasizing the necessity for in-depth mechanistic studies and strategies to enhance quercetin's bioavailability and target specificity. By synthesizing existing knowledge, this review underscores quercetin's promising potential as a novel therapeutic strategy in the ongoing battle against cancer, offering fresh insights and avenues for further investigation in this critical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Sheikhnia
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Fazilat
- Motamed Cancer Institute, Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashidi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bita Azizzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mahya Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Maghsoudi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Zahra M, Abrahamse H, George BP. Flavonoids: Antioxidant Powerhouses and Their Role in Nanomedicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:922. [PMID: 39199168 PMCID: PMC11351814 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study emphasizes the critical role of antioxidants in protecting human health by counteracting the detrimental effects of oxidative stress induced by free radicals. Antioxidants-found in various forms such as vitamins, minerals, and the phytochemicals abundant in fruits and vegetables-neutralize free radicals by stabilizing them through electron donation. Specifically, flavonoid compounds are highlighted as robust defenders, addressing oxidative stress and inflammation to avert chronic illnesses like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. This research explores the bioactive potential of flavonoids, shedding light on their role not only in safeguarding health, but also in managing conditions such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review highlights the novel integration of South African-origin flavonoids with nanotechnology, presenting a cutting-edge strategy to improve drug delivery and therapeutic outcomes. This interdisciplinary approach, blending traditional wisdom with contemporary techniques, propels the exploration of flavonoid-mediated nanoparticles toward groundbreaking pharmaceutical applications, promising revolutionary advancements in healthcare. This collaborative synergy between traditional knowledge and modern science not only contributes to human health, but also underscores a significant step toward sustainable and impactful biomedical innovations, aligning with principles of environmental conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Blassan P. George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; (M.Z.); (H.A.)
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3
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Meemongkolkiat T, Puthong S, Khongkarat P, Rod-im P, Duangphakdee O, Tuthaisong P, Phuwapraisirisan P, Chanchao C. In vitro cytotoxic activity on KATO-III cancer cell lines of mangiferolic acid purified from Thai Tetragonula laeviceps propolis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30436. [PMID: 38711626 PMCID: PMC11070865 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a global health concern, but current treatment with chemotherapy and surgery is often inadequate, prompting the exploration of alternative treatments. Propolis is a natural substance collected by bees known for its diverse properties linked to floral sources. The Dichloromethane Partitioned Extract (DPE) from Tetragonula laeviceps propolis, in Bankha district, Thailand was previously shown to possess significant cytotoxicity against KATO-III gastric cancer cells, while showing lower cytotoxicity toward WI-38 normal fibroblast cells. Here, the DPE was further fractionated by column chromatography, identified active fractions, and subjected to structural analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity against KATO-III cells was reevaluated, and programmed cell death was analyzed using flow cytometry. Expression levels of cancer-related genes were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR. Cardol C15:2 (compound 1) and mangiferolic acid (MF; compound 2) were discovered in the most active fractions following structural analysis. MF exhibited strong cytotoxicity against KATO-III cells (IC50 of 4.78-16.02 μg/mL), although this was less effective than doxorubicin (IC50 of 0.56-1.55 μg/mL). Morphological changes, including decreased cell density and increased debris, were observed in KATO-III cells treated with 30 μg/mL of MF. Significant induction of late-stage apoptosis and necrosis, particularly at 48 and 72 h, suggested potential DNA damage and cell cycle arrest, evidenced by an increased proportion of sub-G1 and S-phase cells. Doxorubicin, the positive control, triggered late apoptosis but caused more necrosis after 72 h. Furthermore, MF at 30 μg/mL significantly increased the expression level of COX2 and NFκB genes linked to inflammation and cell death pathways. This upregulation was consistent at later time points (48 and 72 h) and was accompanied by increased expression of CASP3 and CASP7 genes. These findings suggest MF effectively induces cell death in KATO-III cells through late apoptosis and necrosis, potentially mediated by upregulated inflammation-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitipan Meemongkolkiat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Phanthiwa Khongkarat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Preecha Rod-im
- Native Honeybee and Pollinator Research Center, Ratchaburi Campus, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Ratchaburi, 70150, Thailand
| | - Orawan Duangphakdee
- Native Honeybee and Pollinator Research Center, Ratchaburi Campus, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Ratchaburi, 70150, Thailand
| | - Packapong Tuthaisong
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanpen Chanchao
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Homayoonfal M, Aminianfar A, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Application of Nanoparticles for Efficient Delivery of Quercetin in Cancer Cells. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1107-1141. [PMID: 36856173 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230301121611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (Qu, 3,5,7,3', 4'-pentahydroxyflavanone) is a natural polyphenol compound abundantly found in health food or plant-based products. In recent decades, Qu has gained significant attention in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutic industries owning to its wide beneficial therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Despite the favorable roles of Qu in cancer therapy due to its numerous impacts on the cell signaling axis, its poor chemical stability and bioavailability, low aqueous solubility as well as short biological half-life have limited its clinical application. Recently, drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology have been developed to overcome such limitations and enhance the Qu biodistribution following administration. Several investigations have indicated that the nano-formulation of Qu enjoys more remarkable anticancer effects than its free form. Furthermore, incorporating Qu in various nano-delivery systems improved its sustained release and stability, extended its circulation time, enhanced its accumulation at target sites, and increased its therapeutic efficiency. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the anticancer properties of various Qu nano-formulation to augment their effects on different malignancies. Various targeting strategies for improving Qu delivery, including nanoliposomes, lipids, polymeric, micelle, and inorganic nanoparticle NPs, have been discussed in this review. The results of the current study illustrated that a combination of appropriate nano encapsulation approaches with tumor-oriented targeting delivery might lead to establishing QU nanoparticles that can be a promising technique for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Azadeh Aminianfar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang Z, Wu H, Zhang Y, Shen C, Zhou F. Dietary antioxidant quercetin overcomes the acquired resistance of Sorafenib in Sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells through epidermal growth factor receptor signaling inactivation. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:559-574. [PMID: 37490119 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib (SOR) is a molecular targeting agent commonly utilized as a primary treatment for advanced and inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Regrettably, the effectiveness of SOR is frequently hindered by the resistance of multiple HCC cases. The current investigation endeavors to examine the potential of the natural product quercetin (QUE) in reversing the acquired resistance of SOR-resistant cells, known as Huh7R, to SOR. Moreover, this study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism that contributes to this phenomenon. The results demonstrated that QUE significantly impeded proliferation and stimulated apoptosis in Huh7R cells, while also suppressing the growth of transplanted tumors. The impact of QUE enhanced the efficacy of SOR treatment for Huh7R. Additionally, bioinformatic and western blot analyses indicated that the underlying mechanisms may be associated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and HCC. Furthermore, molecular docking and dynamics simulation assays revealed that QUE exhibited strong affinity and stability towards its hub targets, EGFR and AKT1. It is noteworthy that the activation of EGFR by its ligand, EGF, mitigated the effects of co-treatment with QUE and SOR. These findings suggest that QUE might potentially serve as a therapeutic agent in treating as well as facilitating SOR against Huh7R cells, which has substantial clinical and research implications for the treatment of acquired resistance to SOR in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haitao Wu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunsi Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fuqiong Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China.
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Jalali Z, Nejad Ebrahimi S, Rezadoost H. Identifying natural products for gastric cancer treatment through pharmacophore creation, 3D QSAR, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics studies. Daru 2023; 31:243-258. [PMID: 37733194 PMCID: PMC10624797 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00480-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is known as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and the fifth major cancer in the world, and this is a serious threat to general health all over the world. The lack of early detection markers results in a belated diagnosis, i.e. the final stages, which could be associated with the ineffectiveness of the treatment strategies, and naturally, it leads to poor prognosis. Even though a variety of treatments have been developed, there is a trend of studying traditional medicinal plants, due to the worrying side effect of drugs available in the market. METHODS In this study, pharmacophore generation and 3D-QSAR model were created using 50 compounds with anti-gastric cancer activity (with IC50 had been reported in the previous studies). RESULTS Based on three of the best pharmacophoric hypotheses, virtual screening was performed to discover the top anti-gastric cancer compounds from a database of 183,885 compounds. The selected compounds were used for molecular docking with three protein receptors 7BKG, 4F5B, and 4ZT1 to investigate the intermolecular interactions between these ligands and receptors. Finally, 21 lead compounds with the highest amount of docking score ranging from - 13.366 to -6.404 kcal/mol were selected, and then the ADME/Tox properties of these compounds were calculated. All these compounds have a fitness score above 1.8, a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol, hydrogen bond donors up to 3, hydrogen bond acceptors up to 8.50, and logP of 1.013 to 4.174. Finally, molecular dynamic simulations for top-scoring ligand-receptor complexes were investigated. CONCLUSION These selected lead compounds have the most anti-gastric cancer effects among the 183,885 compounds in the database. Therefore, lead compounds might be considered for gastric cancer therapy in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Jalali
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Rezadoost
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
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Zhou F, Wang L, Ge H, Zhang D, Wang W. H3K27 acetylation activated-CD109 evokes 5-fluorouracil resistance in gastric cancer via the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2857-2866. [PMID: 37661780 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a considerable obstacle to gastric cancer (GC) treatment. The current work aimed to elucidate the functional mechanism of CD109 in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in GC. In this study, we demonstrated that CD109 was extremely heightened in 5-FU-resistant GC cells. CD109 deficiency lessened the IC50 value, impaired cell viability and metastatic capability, and induced cell apoptosis after 5-FU treatment in cells. In addition, we found that PAX5 bound p300 increased the enrichment of H3K27ac at the promoter region of the CD109 gene, which resulted in the upregulation of CD109 in GC. Moreover, we also revealed that CD109 triggered 5-FU resistance via activating the JNK/MAPK signaling. Blockage of JNK/MAPK signaling using JNK inhibitor, SP600125, abolished CD109 upregulation-induced changes of IC50 values, cell viability, metastasis and apoptosis in NCI-N87/5-FU and SNU-1/5-FU cells. Importantly, CD109 silencing enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU, leading to reduced tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our results unveiled that H3K27 acetylation activated-CD109 enhanced 5-FU resistance of GC cells via modulating the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway, which might provide an attractive therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Leiming Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Han Ge
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Diancai Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Micucci M, Stella Bartoletti A, Abdullah FO, Burattini S, Versari I, Canale M, D’Agostino F, Roncarati D, Piatti D, Sagratini G, Caprioli G, Mari M, Retini M, Faenza I, Battistelli M, Salucci S. Paradigm Shift in Gastric Cancer Prevention: Harnessing the Potential of Aristolochia olivieri Extract. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16003. [PMID: 37958986 PMCID: PMC10648348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, is a significant global health concern. Environmental risk factors, such as Helicobacter pylori infection and diet, play a role in its development. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antitumor activities of an Aristolochia olivieri Colleg. ex Boiss. Leaves' methanolic extract (AOME). Additionally, morphological changes in gastric cancer cell lines were analyzed. AOME was analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS, and its antibacterial activity against H. pylori was assessed using the broth microdilution method. MIC and MBC values were determined, and positive and negative controls were included in the evaluation. Anticancer effects were assessed through in vitro experiments using AGS, KATO-III, and SNU-1 cancer cell lines. The morphological changes were examined through SEM and TEM analyses. AOME contained several compounds, including caffeic acid, rutin, and hyperoside. The extract displayed significant antimicrobial effects against H. pylori, with consistent MIC and MBC values of 3.70 ± 0.09 mg/mL. AOME reduced cell viability in all gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Morphological analyses revealed significant ultrastructural changes in all tumor cell lines, suggesting the occurrence of cellular apoptosis. This study demonstrated that AOME possesses antimicrobial activity against H. pylori and potent antineoplastic properties in gastric cancer cell lines. AOME holds promise as a natural resource for innovative nutraceutical approaches in gastric cancer management. Further research and in vivo studies are warranted to validate its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Micucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Anna Stella Bartoletti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Fuad O. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Sabrina Burattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Ilaria Versari
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Matteo Canale
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Federico D’Agostino
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Roncarati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Diletta Piatti
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (G.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianni Sagratini
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (G.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (G.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Michele Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Michele Retini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Irene Faenza
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Sara Salucci
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.); (S.S.)
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Lin TS, Huang WN, Yang JL, Peng SF, Liu KC, Chen JC, Hsia TC, Huang AC. Allyl isothiocyanate inhibits cell migration and invasion in human gastric cancer AGS cells via affecting PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathway in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2287-2297. [PMID: 37318315 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is commonly occurred in gastric cancer, and it is caused and responsible for one of the major cancer-related mortality in gastric cancer patients. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a natural product, exhibits anticancer activities in human many cancer cells, including gastric cancer. However, no available report shows AITC inhibits gastric cancer cell metastasis. Herein, we evaluated the impact of AITC on cell migration and invasion of human gastric cancer AGS cells in vitro. AITC at 5-20 μM did not induce significant cell morphological damages observed by contrast-phase microscopy but decreased cell viability assayed by flow cytometry. After AGS cells were further examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM), which indicated AITC affected cell membrane and morphology in AGS cells. AITC significantly suppressed cell motility examined by scratch wound healing assay. The results of the gelatin zymography assay revealed that AITC significantly suppressed the MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. In addition, AITC suppressed cell migration and invasion were performed by transwell chamber assays at 24 h in AGS cells. Furthermore, AITC inhibited cell migration and invasion by affecting PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in AGS cells. The decreased expressions of p-AKTThr308 , GRB2, and Vimentin in AGS cells also were confirmed by confocal laser microscopy. Our findings suggest that AITC may be an anti-metastasis candidate for human gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Shun Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Saint Mary's Hospital Luodong, Luodong, Yilan, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Saint Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Sanxing, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Nei Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Long Yang
- Department of Nursing, Saint Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Sanxing, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Chyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Cheng Huang
- Department of Nursing, Saint Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Sanxing, Yilan, Taiwan
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10
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Ren F, Jin Q, Liu T, Ren X, Zhan Y. Proteome-wide mendelian randomization study implicates therapeutic targets in common cancers. J Transl Med 2023; 21:646. [PMID: 37735436 PMCID: PMC10512580 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interest in targeted cancer therapies has been growing rapidly. While numerous cancer biomarkers and targeted treatment strategies have been developed and employed, there are still significant limitations and challenges in the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of cancers. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to identify novel targets and develop new targeted drugs. METHODS The study was conducted using combined cis-Mendelian randomization (cis-MR) and colocalization analysis. We analyzed data from 732 plasma proteins to identify potential drug targets associated with eight site-specific cancers. These findings were further validated using the UK Biobank dataset. Then, a protein-protein interaction network was also constructed to examine the interplay between the identified proteins and the targets of existing cancer medications. RESULTS This MR analysis revealed associations between five plasma proteins and prostate cancer, five with breast cancer, and three with lung cancer. Subsequently, these proteins were classified into four distinct target groups, with a focus on tier 1 and 2 targets due to their higher potential to become drug targets. Our study indicatied that genetically predicted KDELC2 (OR: 0.89, 95% CI 0.86-0.93) and TNFRSF10B (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.65-0.83) are inversely associated with prostate cancer. Furthermore, we observed an inverse association between CPNE1 (OR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98) and breast cancer, while PDIA3 (OR: 1.19, 95% CI 1.10-1.30) were found to be associated with the risk of breast cancer. In addition, we also propose that SPINT2 (OR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.06), GSTP1 (OR: 0.82, 95% CI 0.74-0.90), and CTSS (OR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.88-0.95) may serve as potential therapeutic targets in prostate cancer. Similarly, GDI2 (OR: 0.85, 95% CI 0.80-0.91), ISLR2 (OR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.82-0.93), and CTSF (OR: 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.21) could potentially be targets for breast cancer. Additionally, we identified SFTPB (OR: 0.93, 95% CI 0.91-0.95), ICAM5 (OR: 0.95, 95% CI 0.93-0.97), and FLRT3 (OR: 1.10, 95% CI 1.05-1.15) as potential targets for lung cancer. Notably, TNFRSF10B, GSTP1, and PDIA3 were found to interact with the target proteins of current medications used in prostate or breast cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive analysis has highlighted thirteen plasma proteins with potential roles in three site-specific cancers. Continued research in this area may reveal their therapeutic potential, particularly KDELC2, TNFRSF10B, CPNE1, and PDIA3, paving the way for more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Ren
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qiubai Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xuelei Ren
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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11
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Attar ES, Chaudhari VH, Deokar CG, Dyawanapelly S, Devarajan PV. Nano Drug Delivery Strategies for an Oral Bioenhanced Quercetin Formulation. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:495-514. [PMID: 37523008 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has been credited with a wide spectrum of therapeutic properties. However, the oral use of quercetin is limited due to its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and rapid plasma clearance. Quercetin has been studied extensively when used with various nanodelivery systems for enhancing quercetin bioavailability. To enhance its oral bioavailability and efficacy, various quercetin-loaded nanosystems such as nanosuspensions, polymer nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, emulsions, liposomes or phytosomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and other lipid-based nanoparticles have been investigated in in-vitro cells, in-vivo animal models, and humans. Among the aforementioned nanosystems, quercetin phytosomes are attracting more interest and are available on the market. The present review covers insights into the possibilities of harnessing quercetin for several therapeutic applications and a special focus on anticancer applications and the clinical benefits of nanoquercetin formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha S Attar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Vanashree H Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Chaitanya G Deokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Padma V Devarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India.
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12
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Li K, Cai X, Fan Y, Jin M, Xie Y, Jing Z, Zang X, Han Y. Codelivery of Que and BCL-2 siRNA with Lipid-Copolymer Hybrid Nanocomplexes for Efficient Tumor Regression. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4805-4820. [PMID: 37463126 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapy is often reduced due to the chemotherapy resistance of tumor cells, which is usually caused by abnormal gene overexpression. Herein, multifunctional nanocomplexes (Que/siBCL2@BioMICs) were developed to deliver quercetin (Que) and BCL-2 siRNA (siBCL2) to synergistically inhibit tumor growth. The nanocomplexes were composed of an amphiphilic triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate]-polycaprolactone (PEGMA-PDMAEA-PCL) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-biotin (DSPE-PEG-biotin). Que was encapsulated into the cores through hydrophobic interactions, while negatively charged siBCL2 was loaded through electrostatic interactions. The nanocomplexes could effectively facilitate cellular uptake via biotin-mediated active targeting and cytosolic release of cargos by the "proton sponge effect" of PDMAEA. Que/siBCL2@BioMICs achieved enhanced cytotoxicity and anti-metastasis activity due to a synergistic effect of Que and siBCL2 in vitro. More importantly, superior anti-tumor efficacy was observed in orthotopic 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with reduced primary tumor burden and lung metastatic nodules, while no obvious side effects to major organs were observed. In conclusion, the biotin-targeted nanocomplexes with chemotherapeutic and nucleotide agent entrapment provide a promising strategy for efficient triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Department of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zhenghui Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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13
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Homayoonfal M, Gilasi H, Asemi Z, Mahabady MK, Asemi R, Yousefi B. Quercetin modulates signal transductions and targets non-coding RNAs against cancer development. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110667. [PMID: 37023996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, various investigations have indicated that natural compounds have great potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic disorders including different types of cancer. As a bioactive flavonoid, Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary ingredient enjoying high pharmacological values and health-promoting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characterization. Conclusive in vitro and in vivo evidence has revealed that Qu has great potential in cancer prevention and development. Qu exerts its anticancer influences by altering various cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle, and proliferation. In this way, Qu by targeting numerous signaling pathways as well as non-coding RNAs regulates several cellular mechanisms to suppress cancer occurrence and promotion. This review aimed to summarize the impact of Qu on the molecular pathways and non-coding RNAs in modulating various cancer-associated cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gilasi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Quercetin and Its Fermented Extract as a Potential Inhibitor of Bisphenol A-Exposed HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells’ Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065604. [PMID: 36982678 PMCID: PMC10052295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) promotes colon cancer by altering the physiological functions of hormones. Quercetin (Q) can regulate signaling pathways through hormone receptors, inhibiting cancer cells. The antiproliferative effects of Q and its fermented extract (FEQ, obtained by Q gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro colonic fermentation) were analyzed in HT-29 cells exposed to BPA. Polyphenols were quantified in FEQ by HPLC and their antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ORAC. Q and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were quantified in FEQ. Q and FEQ exhibited antioxidant capacity. Cell viability with Q+BPA and FEQ+BPA was 60% and 50%, respectively; less than 20% of dead cells were associated with the necrosis process (LDH). Treatments with Q and Q+BPA induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and FEQ and FEQ+BPA in the S phase. Compared with other treatments, Q positively modulated ESR2 and GPR30 genes. Using a gene microarray of the p53 pathway, Q, Q+BPA, FEQ and FEQ+BPA positively modulated genes involved in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; bisphenol inhibited the expression of pro-apoptotic and cell cycle repressor genes. In silico analyses demonstrated the binding affinity of Q > BPA > DOPAC molecules for ERα and ERβ. Further studies are needed to understand the role of disruptors in colon cancer.
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15
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Ghobadi N, Asoodeh A. Co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals improves anticancer activity by regulating multiple molecular targets. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1688-1702. [PMID: 36883534 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural plant phytochemicals are effective against different types of diseases, including cancer. Curcumin, a powerful herbal polyphenol, exerts inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through interaction with different molecular targets. However, the clinical use of curcumin is limited due to poor solubility in water and metabolism in the liver and intestine. The synergistic effects of curcumin with some phytochemicals such as resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and piperine can improve its clinical efficacy in cancer treatment. The present review specifically focuses on anticancer mechanisms related to the co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals, including resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and piperine. According to the molecular evidence, the phytochemical combinations exert synergistic effects on suppressing cell proliferation, reducing cellular invasion, and inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This review also emphasizes the significance of the co-delivery vehicles-based nanoparticles of such bioactive phytochemicals that could improve their bioavailability and reduce their systemic dose. Further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the phytochemical combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Ghobadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Asoodeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Heterophyllin B inhibits the malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells via CXCR4. Hum Cell 2023; 36:676-688. [PMID: 36539682 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heterophyllin B (HB) is a cyclic lipopeptide that has been shown to have anticancer effects. This study intended to further explore the effects and modulatory mechanism of HB in gastric cancer (GC) cells. The binding relationship between HB and CXCR4 was investigated by network pharmacological analysis, molecular docking, and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA)-WB assay. Cellular assays revealed that HB could restrain GC cell viability, proliferation, invasion and migration by binding to CXCR4. Further studies presented that HB could suppress PI3K/AKT signaling pathway via binding to CXCR4, thus repressing PD-L1 expression. In vivo experiments in nude mice demonstrated that HB constrained PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to suppress GC cell metastasis and PD-L1 expression. In summary, the key target of HB in GC treatment was CXCR4. Cell experiments were employed for the investigation of the mechanism by which HB repressed GC cells. The results confirmed that HB could constrain the malignant progression of GC by the binding of HB into CXCR4 and suppressed PD-L1 expression via hampering PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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17
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Chen R, Liu J, Hu J, Li C, Liu Y, Pan W. DLGAP5 knockdown inactivates the Wnt/β-catenin signal to repress endometrial cancer cell malignant activities. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:685-693. [PMID: 36454672 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5), a microtubule-associated protein, has been reported to be upregulated in several tumors. However, the role of DLGAP5 in endometrial cancer (EC) progression and the related underlying mechanism were still unknown. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the expression and prognostic significance of DLGAP5 in EC tissues using TCGA, CPTAC, Human Protein Atlas, and GSE63678 databases, UALCAN web tool, and the Kaplan-Meier plotter. Effects of DLGAP on EC cell malignant properties were evaluated by CCK-8, flow cytometry analysis, TUNEL assay, caspase-3 activity assay, and Transwell invasion assay. The expression of DLGAP5, Wnt3, c-Myc, Ki67, and cleaved caspase-3 was detected by western blot analysis. DLGAP5 was highly expressed and correlated with poor prognosis in EC patients. DLGAP5 knockdown inhibited proliferation and invasion, triggered apoptosis, and increased caspase-3 activity in EC cells. Additionally, DLGAP5 knockdown inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in EC cells. Moreover, β-catenin overexpression abolished the effects of DLGAP5 knockdown on the malignant phenotypes of EC cells. DLGAP5 silencing suppressed the malignant properties in EC cells by inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Fokind Hospital Affiliated to Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Fokind Hospital Affiliated to Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Fokind Hospital Affiliated to Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Fokind Hospital Affiliated to Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Fokind Hospital Affiliated to Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Weiwei Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Zhao M, Yang Y, Nian Q, Shen C, Xiao X, Liao W, Zheng Q, Zhang G, Chen N, Gong D, Tang J, Wen Y, Zeng J. Phytochemicals and mitochondria: Therapeutic allies against gastric cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154608. [PMID: 36586205 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are the energy factories of cells with the ability to modulate the cell cycle, cellular differentiation, signal transduction, growth, and apoptosis. Existing drugs targeting mitochondria in cancer treatment have disadvantages of drug resistance and side effects. Phytochemicals, which are widely found in plants, are bioactive compounds that could facilitate the development of new drugs for gastric cancer. Studies have shown that some phytochemicals can suppress the development of gastric cancer. METHODS We searched for data from PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, and Embase databases from initial establishment to December 2021 to review the mechanism by which phytochemicals suppress gastric cancer cell growth by modulating mitochondrial function. Phytochemicals were classified and summarized by their mechanisms of action. RESULTS Phytochemicals can interfere with mitochondria through several mechanisms to reach the goal of promoting apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Some phytochemicals, e.g., daidzein and tetrandrine promoted cytochrome c spillover into the cytoplasm by modulating the members of the B-cell lymphoma-2 protein family and induced apoptotic body activity by activating the caspase protein family. Phytochemicals (e.g., celastrol and shikonin) could promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential. Several phytochemicals (e.g., berberine and oleanolic acid) activated mitochondrial apoptotic submission via the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, thereby triggering apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Several well-known phytochemicals that target mitochondria, including berberine, ginsenoside, and baicalein, showed the advantages of multiple targets, high efficacy, and fewer side effects. CONCLUSIONS Phytochemicals could target the mitochondria in the treatment of gastric cancer, providing potential directions and evidence for clinical translation. Drug discovery focused on phytochemicals has great potential to break barriers in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Qing Nian
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Caifei Shen
- Department of Endoscopy center, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Daoyin Gong
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China.
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China.
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Rivera-Yañez N, Ruiz-Hurtado PA, Rivera-Yañez CR, Arciniega-Martínez IM, Yepez-Ortega M, Mendoza-Arroyo B, Rebollar-Ruíz XA, Méndez-Cruz AR, Reséndiz-Albor AA, Nieto-Yañez O. The Role of Propolis as a Natural Product with Potential Gastric Cancer Treatment Properties: A Systematic Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020415. [PMID: 36673507 PMCID: PMC9858610 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common, aggressive, and invasive types of malignant neoplasia. It ranks fifth for incidence and fourth for prevalence worldwide. Products of natural origin, such as propolis, have been assessed for use as new complementary therapies to combat cancer. Propolis is a bee product with antiproliferative and anticancer properties. The concentrations and types of secondary metabolites contained in propolis mainly vary according to the geographical region, the season of the year, and the species of bees that make it. The present study is a systematic review of the main articles related to the effects of propolis against gastric cancer published between 2011 and 2021 in the PubMed and Science Direct databases. Of 1305 articles published, only eight studies were selected; among their principal characteristics was the use of in vitro analysis with cell lines from gastric adenocarcinoma and in vivo murine models of the application of propolis treatments. These studies suggest that propolis arrests the cell cycle and inhibits proliferation, prevents the release of oxidizing agents, and promotes apoptosis. In vivo assays showed that propolis decreased the number of tumors by regulating the cell cycle and the expression of proteins related to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Rivera-Yañez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- División de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Porfirio Alonso Ruiz-Hurtado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Farmacia, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq. Manuel L. Stampa s/n, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular y Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Wilfrido Massieu, Esq. Manuel L. Stampa s/n, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Claudia Rebeca Rivera-Yañez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Maciel Arciniega-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunonutrición, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis esq. Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Mariazell Yepez-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Inmunonutrición, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis esq. Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Belén Mendoza-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad de Mucosas, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis esq. Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Xóchitl Abril Rebollar-Ruíz
- Laboratorio de Inmunonutrición, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis esq. Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Adolfo René Méndez-Cruz
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Aldo Arturo Reséndiz-Albor
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad de Mucosas, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis esq. Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.A.R.-A.); (O.N.-Y.); Tel.: +52-5521-327-136 (O.N.-Y.)
| | - Oscar Nieto-Yañez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.A.R.-A.); (O.N.-Y.); Tel.: +52-5521-327-136 (O.N.-Y.)
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Liang Z, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Song J, Qian H, Jin J. Anticancer applications of phytochemicals in gastric cancer: Effects and molecular mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1078090. [PMID: 36712679 PMCID: PMC9877357 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1078090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common malignant cancer and is a life-threatening disease worldwide. Phytochemicals have been shown to be a rational, safe, non-toxic, and very promising approach to the prevention and treatment of cancer. It has been found that phytochemicals have protective effects against GC through inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, suppressing cell invasion and migration, anti-angiogenesis, inhibit Helicobacter pylori infection, regulating the microenvironment. In recent years, the role of phytochemicals in the occurrence, development, drug resistance and prognosis of GC has attracted more and more attention. In order to better understand the relationship between phytochemicals and gastric cancer, we briefly summarize the roles and functions of phytochemicals in GC tumorigenesis, development and prognosis. This review will probably help guide the public to prevent the occurrence and development of GC through phytochemicals, and develop functional foods or drugs for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Liang
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Chang Zhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Chang Zhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Chang Zhou, China
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21
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Zhou X, Min J, Che M, Yang Y, Yang Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zheng X, Chen Y, Yuan L, Nan Y. Investigation on the mechanism of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction in the treatment of gastric carcinoma based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:148-163. [PMID: 36602525 PMCID: PMC9876642 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction (SG-D) is a famous classical Chinese prescription that has been used in the treatment of numerous kinds of diseases. However, its mechanism of action in the treatment of Gastric carcinoma (GC) is not clear. METHODS The active ingredients and targets of SG-D were screened using network pharmacology, and GC-related targets were retrieved through several databases. The protein-protein interaction network was then further constructed and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed. Subsequently, molecular docking was carried out. Finally, we validated the results of the network pharmacology by performing in vitro cell experiments on CCK-8, apoptosis, cell cycle, platelet clone formation, and Western blotting with AGS cells. RESULTS Three key active ingredients and 8 core targets were screened through a network pharmacological analysis, and the results of the KEGG indicated that the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways are critical signaling pathways for SG-D to treat GC. Experimental results revealed that SG-D was able to inhibit AGS cells proliferation, induce apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle, and reduce the ability of cell clone formation by regulating the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Network pharmacology has shown that SG-D can act on multiple targets through multiple ingredients and treat GC by regulating multiple signaling pathways. In vitro cell experiments have also confirmed this, so as to provide a reference for subsequent related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Jiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Mengying Che
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Junfei Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaosha Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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22
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Eriodictyol Suppresses Gastric Cancer Cells via Inhibition of PI3K/AKT Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121477. [PMID: 36558929 PMCID: PMC9788236 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is among the five most common malignancies worldwide. Traditional chemotherapy cannot efficiently treat the disease and faces the problems of side effects and chemoresistance. Polygoni orientalis Fructus (POF), with flavonoids as the main bioactive compounds, exerts anti-cancer potential. In this study, we compared the anti-GC effects of the main flavonoids from POF and investigated the anti-cancer effects of eriodictyol towards GC both in vitro and in vivo. CCK-8 assays were performed to examine the inhibitory effects of common flavonoids from POF on GC cell viability. Colony formation assays were used to determine cell proliferation after eriodictyol treatment. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Induction of apoptosis was assessed with Annexin V/PI staining and measurement of related proteins. Anti-cancer effects in vivo were investigated using a xenograft mouse model. Potential targets of eriodictyol were clarified by network pharmacological analysis, evaluated by molecular docking, and validated with Western blotting. We found that eriodictyol exhibited the most effective inhibitory effect on cell viability of GC cells among the common flavonoids from POF including quercetin, taxifolin, and kaempferol. Eriodictyol suppressed colony formation of GC cells and induced cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effects of eriodictyol on tumor growth were also validated using a xenograft mouse model. Moreover, no obvious toxicity was identified with eriodictyol treatment. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that PI3K/AKT signaling ranked first among the anti-GC targets. The molecular docking model of eriodictyol and PI3K was constructed, and the binding energy was evaluated. Furthermore, efficient inhibition of phosphorylation and activation of PI3K/AKT by eriodictyol was validated in GC cells. Taken together, our results identify eriodictyol as the most effective anti-GC flavonoids from POF and the potential targets of eriodictyol in GC. These findings suggest that eriodictyol has the potential to be a natural source of anti-GC agents.
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23
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The Regulatory Network of Gastric Cancer Pathogenesis and Its Potential Therapeutic Active Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Bioinformatics, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5005498. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5005498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aims to investigate the functional gene network in gastric carcinogenesis by using bioinformatics; besides, the diagnostic utility of key genes and potential active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment in gastric cancer have been explored. Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases have been applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues. Then, the DEGs underwent Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses using the Metascape database. The STRING database and the Cytoscape software were utilized for the protein-protein interaction network of DEGs and hub genes screening. Furthermore, survival and expression analyses of hub genes were conducted using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Human Protein Atlas databases. By using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, the hub genes interconnected with active ingredients of TCM were analyzed to provide potential information for the treatment of gastric cancer. After the molecular docking of the active ingredients of TCM to specific hub gene receptor proteins, the molecular dynamics simulation GROMACS was applied to validate the conformation of the strongest binding ability in the molecular docking. Results. A total of 291 significant DEGs were found, from which 12 hub genes were screened out. Among these hub genes, the expressions of five hub genes including COL1A1, COL5A2, MMP12, SERPINE1, and VCAN were significantly correlated with the overall survival. Furthermore, four potential therapeutic active ingredients of TCM were acquired, including quercetin, resveratrol, emodin, and schizandrin B. In addition, the molecular docking results exhibited that the active ingredients of TCM formed stable binding with the hub gene targets. SERPINE1 (3UT3)-Emodin and COL1A1 (7DV6)-Quercetin were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations as conformations of continuing research significance, and both were found to be stably bound as a result of the interaction of van der Waals potentials, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding. Conclusion. Our findings may provide novel insights and references for the screening of biomarkers, the prognostic evaluation, and the identification of potential active ingredients of TCM for gastric cancer treatment.
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24
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Li SY, Wang WJ, Li QY, Yang PH, Li XL, Yan Y, Yuan Y, Feng YB, Hong M. Using omics approaches to dissect the therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicines on gastrointestinal cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:884822. [PMID: 36210831 PMCID: PMC9538923 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.884822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines offer a rich source of anti-cancer drugs. Differences between the pharmacology of Chinese herbal medicines and modern synthetic chemicals hinder the development of drugs derived from herbal products. To address this challenge, novel omics approaches including transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics have been applied to dissect the pharmacological benefits of Chinese herbal medicines in cancer treatments. Numerous Chinese herbal medicines have shown potential anti-tumor effects on different gastrointestinal (GI) cancers while eliminating the side effects associated with conventional cancer therapies. The present study aimed to provide an overview of recent research focusing on Chinese herbal medicines in GI cancer treatment, based on omics approaches. This review also illustrates the potential utility of omics approaches in herbal-derived drug discovery. Omics approaches can precisely and efficiently reveal the key molecular targets and intracellular interaction networks of Chinese herbal medicines in GI cancer treatment. This study summarizes the application of different omics-based approaches in investigating the effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines in GI cancers. Future research directions are also proposed for this area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yi Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Wei-Jia Wang
- Institute of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Hui Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Long Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Institute of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yi-Bin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-Bin Feng, ; Ming Hong,
| | - Ming Hong
- Institute of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-Bin Feng, ; Ming Hong,
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25
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Wang Z, Wu Z, Xiang Q, Yang J, Xia Z, Hao A, Song E, Mei S. Effects of botanical drugs in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue in patients with gastric cancer: A meta-analysis and prediction of potential pharmacological mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:979504. [PMID: 36160404 PMCID: PMC9490126 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.979504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review the efficacy and safety of botanical drugs in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) caused by gastric cancer (GC) and to determine the underlying pharmacological mechanisms using a network analysis. Methods: Databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, Wanfang, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to 18 April 2022. Methodological quality assessment was performed using the collaborative tool Cochrane, and data analysis were carried out using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 16 software. The botanical drugs with the highest frequency of use in the included studies was selected. The chemical composition, targets of action, disease targets, and shared targets of these botanical drugs were screened based on network analysis to explore the potential mechanisms of treating CRF in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Results: A total of 13 studies that included 986 patients with gastric CRF met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that botanical drugs could improve the CRF scores of gastric CRF, including the total scores of CRF dichotomous data [Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.67-10.68; p = 0.002], the total scores of CRF continuous data [Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) = -0.98; 95% CI -1.36 to -0.60; p < 0.00001], the affective subscales of Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) scores [Weighted Mean Difference (MD) = -0.79; 95%CI -0.92 to -0.65; p < 0.00001], the sensory subscales of PFS scores (MD = -0.57; 95%CI -0.77 to -0.37; p < 0.00001), the behavioral subscales of PFS scores (MD = -1.05; 95% CI -1.29 to -0.82; p < 0.00001), Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) (MD = 10.53, 95% CI 8.26 to12.80; p < 0.00001), and the Karnofsky Performance Status scale (KPS) (MD = 5.18, 95% CI 2.60 to 7.76; p < 0.0001). The botanical drugs group had milder adverse effects than the control group. A total of 44 chemical components and 241 potential targets were obtained from the online database and 121 drug targets overlapped with the disease targets of CRF in patients with GC. Moreover, five key active ingredients, namely quercetin, Stigmasterol, luteolin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, as well as five key targets including AKT1, TP53, TNF, VEGFA, and CASP3, were screened. In addition, five key signaling pathways, including cancer, Hepatitis B, Prostate cancer, Hepatitis C, and Pancreatic cancer pathways, were obtained through enrichment analysis. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that botanical drugs have positive effects on CRF in patients with GC. However, more well-designed, multicenter, and large sample-sized Randomized Controlled Trials are required to evaluate the effectiveness of botanical drugs on CRF in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihong Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Xiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhong Xia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aohan Hao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Enfeng Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Mei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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26
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Asgharian P, Tazekand AP, Hosseini K, Forouhandeh H, Ghasemnejad T, Ranjbar M, Hasan M, Kumar M, Beirami SM, Tarhriz V, Soofiyani SR, Kozhamzharova L, Sharifi-Rad J, Calina D, Cho WC. Potential mechanisms of quercetin in cancer prevention: focus on cellular and molecular targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:257. [PMID: 35971151 PMCID: PMC9380290 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, the cancer-related disease has had a high mortality rate and incidence worldwide, despite clinical advances in cancer treatment. The drugs used for cancer therapy, have high side effects in addition to the high cost. Subsequently, to reduce these side effects, many studies have suggested the use of natural bioactive compounds. Among these, which have recently attracted the attention of many researchers, quercetin has such properties. Quercetin, a plant flavonoid found in fresh fruits, vegetables and citrus fruits, has anti-cancer properties by inhibiting tumor proliferation, invasion, and tumor metastasis. Several studies have demonstrated the anti-cancer mechanism of quercetin, and these mechanisms are controlled through several signalling pathways within the cancer cell. Pathways involved in this process include apoptotic, p53, NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. In addition to regulating these pathways, quercetin controls the activity of oncogenic and tumor suppressor ncRNAs. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we summarized the regulation of these signalling pathways by quercetin. The modulatory role of quercetin in the expression of various miRNAs has also been discussed. Understanding the basic anti-cancer mechanisms of these herbal compounds can help prevent and manage many types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parina Asgharian
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazekand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Forouhandeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Ghasemnejad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019 India
| | - Sohrab Minaei Beirami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Sina Educational, Research, and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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27
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Anisi Stellati Fructus, a Significant Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Herb and Its Bioactivity against Gastric Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4071489. [PMID: 35586683 PMCID: PMC9110155 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4071489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anisi stellati fructus (ASF) is the fruit of Illicium verum Hook F. (Chinese star anise), which is native to many countries, and is a significant Chinese medicinal herb. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major fatal types of cancers with multiple stages and a poor prognosis. The present review aims to discuss the bioactive properties of ASF and its phytocompounds against GC, with a particular insight into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in its anti-GC mechanism. Furthermore, it highlights the potential mechanism of action of major phytocompounds of ASF against GC. Clinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) regarding the action of ASF and its major bioactive compounds such as quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, d-limonene, and honokiol against GC were reviewed. For this review, search of literature was performed in Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus related to ASF and its phytocompounds, from which only relevant studies were chosen. Major bioactive compounds of ASF and their extracts have proven to be effective against GC due to the mechanistic action of these compounds involving signaling pathways that target cancer cell apoptosis, proliferation, and tumor metastasis in GC cells. Existing reports of these compounds and their combinatory effects with other modern anticancer agents have also been reviewed. From its traditional use to its role as an anticancer agent, ASF and its bioactive phytocompounds have been observed to be effective in modern research, specifically against GC. However, further studies are required for the identification of molecular targets and pharmacokinetic potential and for the formulation of anti-GC drugs.
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28
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Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Tobeiha M, Shahini A, Jafari R, Khoddami M, Sheida AH, EsnaAshari P, Aflatoonian AH, Elikaii F, Zakeri MS, Hamblin MR, Aghajani M, Bavarsadkarimi M, Mirzaei H. Application of Quercetin in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860209. [PMID: 35462903 PMCID: PMC9019477 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cellular signaling pathways contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation, division, motility, and apoptosis. Deregulation of these pathways contributes to tumor cell initiation and tumor progression. Lately, significant attention has been focused on the use of natural products as a promising strategy in cancer treatment. Quercetin is a natural flavonol compound widely present in commonly consumed foods. Quercetin has shown significant inhibitory effects on tumor progression via various mechanisms of action. These include stimulating cell cycle arrest or/and apoptosis as well as its antioxidant properties. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic effects of quercetin in gastrointestinal cancers (pancreatic, gastric, colorectal, esophageal, hepatocellular, and oral).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Shahini
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Raha Jafari
- Department of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrad Khoddami
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Parastoo EsnaAshari
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Aflatoonian
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fateme Elikaii
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Melika Sadat Zakeri
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Mohammad Aghajani
- Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Minoodokht Bavarsadkarimi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Mahdiyeh Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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29
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Identification, function, and biological relevance of POGLUT2 and POGLUT3. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1003-1012. [PMID: 35411374 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
O-glycosylation of Epidermal Growth Factor-like (EGF) repeats plays crucial roles in protein folding, trafficking and function. The Notch extracellular domain has been used as a model to study these mechanisms due to its many O-glycosylated EGF repeats. Three enzymes were previously known to O-glycosylate Notch EGF repeats: Protein O-Glucosyltransferase 1 (POGLUT1), Protein O-Fucosyltransferase 1 (POFUT1), and EGF Domain Specific O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase (EOGT). All of these modifications affect Notch activity. Recently, POGLUT2 and POGLUT3 were identified as two novel O-glucosyltransferases that modify a few Notch EGF repeats at sites distinct from those modified by POGLUT1. Comparison of these modification sites revealed a putative consensus sequence which predicted modification of many extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillins (FBNs) and Latent TGFβ-binding proteins (LTBPs). Glycoproteomic analysis revealed that approximately half of the 47 EGF repeats in FBN1 and FBN2, and half of the 18 EGF repeats in LTBP1, are modified by POGLUT2 and/or POGLUT3. Cellular assays showed that loss of modifications by POGLUT2 and/or POGLUT3 significantly reduces FBN1 secretion. There is precedent for EGF modifications to affect protein-protein interactions, as has been demonstrated by research of POGLUT1 and POFUT1 modifications on Notch. Here we discuss the identification and characterization of POGLUT2 and POGLUT3 and the ongoing research that continues to elucidate the biological significance of these novel enzymes.
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Mechanism of Herb Pairs Astragalus mongholicus and Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton in Treating Gastric Carcinoma: A Network Pharmacology Combines with Differential Analysis and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8361431. [PMID: 35321506 PMCID: PMC8938068 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8361431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a kind of digestive tract tumor that is highly malignant and has a very poor prognosis. Although both Astragalus mongholicus (AM, huáng qí) and Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton (CPV, é zhú) can slow the onset and progression of GC, the mechanism by which AM-CPV works in the treatment of GC is uncertain. Materials and Methods The traditional Chinese medicine network databases TCMSP, TCMID, and ETCM were used to identify the key functional components and associated targets of AM and CPV. To establish a theoretical foundation, the development of gastric cancer (GC) was predicted utilizing a GEO gene chip and TCGA difference analysis mixed with network pharmacology. A herbal-ingredient-target network and a core target-signal pathway network were created using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The molecular docking method was used to evaluate seventeen main targets and their compounds. Results Cell activity, reactive oxygen species modification, metabolic regulation, and systemic immune activation may all be involved in the action mechanism of the AM-CPV drug-pair in the treatment of GC. It inhibits the calcium signaling route, the AGE-RAGE signaling system, the cAMP signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling network, and the MAPK signaling pathway, slowing the progression of GC. The number of inflammatory substances in the tumor microenvironment is reduced, GC cell proliferation is deprived, apoptosis is promoted, and GC progression is retarded through controlling the IL-17 signaling route, TNF signaling pathway, and other inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions The AM-CPV pharmaceutical combination regulates GC treatment via a multitarget, component, and signal pathway with a cooperative and bidirectional regulatory mechanism. Its active constituents may treat GC by regulating the expression of STAT1, MMP9, IL6, HSP90AA1, JUN, CCL2, IFNG, CXCL8, and other targets, as well as activating or inhibiting immune-inflammatory and cancer signaling pathways.
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Huang CF, Liu SH, Ho TJ, Lee KI, Fang KM, Lo WC, Liu JM, Wu CC, Su CC. Quercetin induces tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell apoptosis via the JNK activation-regulated ERK/GSK-3α/β-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:78. [PMID: 35111247 PMCID: PMC8771640 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a most common type of oral cancer. Due to its highly invasive nature and poor survival rate, the development of effective pharmacological therapeutic agents is urgently required. Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a polyphenolic flavonoid found in plants and is an active component of Chinese herbal medicine. The present study investigated the pharmacological effects and possible mechanisms of quercetin on apoptosis of the tongue SCC-derived SAS cell line. Following treatment with quercetin, cell viability was assessed via the MTT assay. Apoptotic and necrotic cells, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and caspase-3/7 activity were analyzed via flow cytometric analyses. A caspase-3 activity assay kit was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 activity. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression levels of proteins associated with the MAPKs, AMPKα, GSK3-α/β and caspase-related signaling pathways. The results revealed that quercetin induced morphological alterations and decreased the viability of SAS cells. Quercetin also increased apoptosis-related Annexin V-FITC fluorescence and caspase-3 activity, and induced mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signals, including a decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential and Bcl-2 protein expression, and an increase in cytosolic cytochrome c, Bax, Bak, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein expression. Furthermore, quercetin significantly increased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-ERK, p-JNK1/2 and p-GSK3-α/β, but not p-p38 or p-AMPKα in SAS cells. Pretreatment with the pharmacological JNK inhibitor SP600125 effectively reduced the quercetin-induced apoptosis-related signals, as well as p-ERK1/2 and p-GSK3-α/β protein expression. Both ERK1/2 and GSK3-α/β inhibitors, PD98059 and LiCl, respectively, could significantly prevent the quercetin-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and GSK3-α/β, but not JNK activation. Taken together, these results suggested that quercetin may induce tongue SCC cell apoptosis via the JNK-activation-regulated ERK1/2 and GSK3-α/β-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fa Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Nursing, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuan-I Lee
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kai-Min Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wu-Chia Lo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Ching Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Chuan Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
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32
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Dai R, Liu M, Xiang X, Li Y, Xi Z, Xu H. OMICS Applications for Medicinal Plants in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current Advancements and Future Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842203. [PMID: 35185591 PMCID: PMC8855055 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers refer to a group of deadly malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract and organs of the digestive system. Over the past decades, considerable amounts of medicinal plants have exhibited potent anticancer effects on different types of gastrointestinal cancers. OMICS, systems biology approaches covering genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, are broadly applied to comprehensively reflect the molecular profiles in mechanistic studies of medicinal plants. Single- and multi-OMICS approaches facilitate the unravelling of signalling interaction networks and key molecular targets of medicinal plants with anti-gastrointestinal cancer potential. Hence, this review summarizes the applications of various OMICS and advanced bioinformatics approaches in examining therapeutic targets, signalling pathways, and the tumour microenvironment in response to anticancer medicinal plants. Advances and prospects in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchen Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengfan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Xincheng Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhichao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhichao Xi, ; Hongxi Xu,
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhichao Xi, ; Hongxi Xu,
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Slika H, Mansour H, Wehbe N, Nasser SA, Iratni R, Nasrallah G, Shaito A, Ghaddar T, Kobeissy F, Eid AH. Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in cancer: ROS-mediated mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112442. [PMID: 35062053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play contradicting roles in cancer incidence and progression. Antioxidants have attracted attention as emerging therapeutic agents. Among these are flavonoids, which are natural polyphenols with established anticancer and antioxidant capacities. Increasing evidence shows that flavonoids can inhibit carcinogenesis via suppressing ROS levels. Surprisingly, flavonoids can also trigger excessive oxidative stress, but this can also induce death of malignant cells. In this review, we explore the inherent characteristics that contribute to the antioxidant capacity of flavonoids, and we dissect the scenarios in which they play the contrasting role as pro-oxidants. Furthermore, we elaborate on the pathways that link flavonoid-mediated modulation of ROS to the prevention and treatment of cancer. Special attention is given to the ROS-mediated anticancer functions that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), hesperetin, naringenin, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin evoke in various cancers. We also delve into the structure-function relations that make flavonoids potent antioxidants. This review provides a detailed perspective that can be utilized in future experiments or trials that aim at utilizing flavonoids or verifying their efficacy for developing new pharmacologic agents. We support the argument that flavonoids are attractive candidates for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Slika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hadi Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Nadine Wehbe
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Suzanne A Nasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Gheyath Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Abdullah Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Tarek Ghaddar
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Tang SY, Zhou PJ, Meng Y, Zeng FR, Deng GT. Gastric cancer: An epigenetic view. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:90-109. [PMID: 35116105 PMCID: PMC8790429 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) poses a serious threat worldwide with unfavorable prognosis mainly due to late diagnosis and limited therapies. Therefore, precise molecular classification and search for potential targets are required for diagnosis and treatment, as GC is complicated and heterogeneous in nature. Accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetics plays a vital role in gastric carcinogenesis and progression, including histone modifications, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetic biomarkers and drugs are currently under intensive evaluations to ensure efficient clinical utility in GC. In this review, key epigenetic alterations and related functions and mechanisms are summarized in GC. We focus on integration of existing epigenetic findings in GC for the bench-to-bedside translation of some pivotal epigenetic alterations into clinical practice and also describe the vacant field waiting for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pei-Jun Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fu-Rong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guang-Tong Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
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35
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Lee HS, Lee IH, Kang K, Park SI, Jung M, Yang SG, Kwon TW, Lee DY. A Network Pharmacology Perspective Investigation of the Pharmacological Mechanisms of the Herbal Drug FDY003 in Gastric Cancer. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211073030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and deadly malignant tumors worldwide. While the application of herbal drugs for GC treatment is increasing, the multicompound–multitarget pharmacological mechanisms involved are yet to be elucidated. By adopting a network pharmacology strategy, we investigated the properties of the anticancer herbal drug FDY003 against GC. We found that FDY003 reduced the viability of human GC cells and enhanced their chemosensitivity. We also identified 8 active phytochemical compounds in FDY003 that target 70 GC-associated genes and proteins. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis suggested that the targets of FDY003 are involved in various cellular processes, such as cellular proliferation, survival, and death. We further identified various major FDY003 target GC-associated pathways, including PIK3-Akt, MAPK, Ras, HIF-1, ErbB, and p53 pathways. Taken together, the overall analysis presents insight at the systems level into the pharmacological activity of FDY003 against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hee Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungrae Kang
- Forest Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- Forestheal Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Jung
- Forest Hospital, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Yang
- Kyunghee Naro Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kwon
- Forest Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Lee
- The Fore, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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36
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Szoka L, Nazaruk J, Stocki M, Isidorov V. Santin and cirsimaritin from Betula pubescens and Betula pendula buds induce apoptosis in human digestive system cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:11085-11096. [PMID: 34755444 PMCID: PMC8650031 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are bioactive secondary metabolites of plants, which exert anti‐cancer effects. However, metabolism in enterocytes and the liver can influence the biological activity of flavonoids contained in the diet. Therefore, results from in vitro studies on cancer cells from the digestive tract and liver may reflect the real effects in the human body. Previously, we have found that the extract from birch buds exerts antiproliferative activity in a panel of cancer cells. In the present study, the anti‐cancer activity of ten flavonoids isolated from the buds of Betula pubescens and Betula pendula was characterized. Among them, santin and cirsimaritin significantly reduced viability, proliferation and clonogenicity of gastric (AGS), colon (DLD‐1) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells. Both flavonoids induced apoptosis, accompanied by activation of caspase‐3, caspase‐7, caspase‐8 and caspase‐9. Moreover, upregulation of p53 was detected only in wild‐type p53 harbouring cells. Together, our results suggest that santin and cirsimaritin exhibit promising anti‐cancer activity in cultures of digestive system cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Szoka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Nazaruk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Stocki
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Białystok, Poland
| | - Valery Isidorov
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Białystok, Poland
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37
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Huang JY, Peng SF, Chueh FS, Chen PY, Huang YP, Huang WW, Chung JG. Melittin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in human gastric cancer AGS cells via regulating Wnt/BMP associated pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2250-2262. [PMID: 34482401 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer has a poor prognosis; once cancer has metastasized, it can easily lead to patient death. Melittin is one of the major components extracted from the bee venom. It has been shown that melittin emerges antitumor activities against many human cancer cell lines. Our results indicated that melittin at 0.2-0.5 µm significantly reduced total cell viability in human gastric cancer AGS cells. At low concentrations (0.05-0.15 µm), melittin displayed antimetastasis effects and inhibited cell adhesion and colony formation. Besides, it inhibited cell motility and suppressed cell migration and invasion. Melittin inhibited the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the integrity of cell membrane in AGS cells. Furthermore, Western blotting results showed that melittin decreased the protein expressions of Wnt/BMP and MMP-2 signaling pathways. Based on these observations, melittin inhibited cell migration and invasion of AGS cells through multiple signaling pathways. It may be used to treat metastasized gastric cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jye-Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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38
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Zhang SX, Liu W, Ai B, Sun LL, Chen ZS, Lin LZ. Current Advances and Outlook in Gastric Cancer Chemoresistance: A Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:26-41. [PMID: 34587888 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210929165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection of the lesion is the standard primary treatment of gastric cancer. Unfortunately, most patients are already in the advanced stage of the disease when they are diagnosed with gastric cancer. Alternative therapies, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, can achieve only very limited benefits. The emergence of cancer drug resistance has always been the major obstacle to the cure of tumors. The main goal of modern cancer pharmacology is to determine the underlying mechanism of anticancer drugs. OBJECTIVE Here, we mainly review the latest research results related to the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer, the application of natural products in overcoming the chemotherapy resistance of gastric cancer, and the new strategies currently being developed to treat tumors based on immunotherapy and gene therapy. CONCLUSION The emergence of cancer drug resistance is the main obstacle in achieving alleviation and final cure for gastric cancer. Mixed therapies are considered to be a possible way to overcome chemoresistance. Natural products are the main resource for discovering new drugs specific for treating chemoresistance, and further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of natural product activity in patients. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, 510440. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006. China
| | - Bo Ai
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, New York. United States
| | - Li-Zhu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
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Bazzi ZA, Tai IT. CDK10 in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Dual Roles as a Tumor Suppressor and Oncogene. Front Oncol 2021; 11:655479. [PMID: 34277407 PMCID: PMC8278820 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.655479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10 (CDK10) is a CDC2-related serine/threonine kinase involved in cellular processes including cell proliferation, transcription regulation and cell cycle regulation. CDK10 has been identified as both a candidate tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma, biliary tract cancers and gastric cancer, and a candidate oncogene in colorectal cancer (CRC). CDK10 has been shown to be specifically involved in modulating cancer cell proliferation, motility and chemosensitivity. Specifically, in CRC, it may represent a viable biomarker and target for chemoresistance. The development of therapeutics targeting CDK10 has been hindered by lack a specific small molecule inhibitor for CDK10 kinase activity, due to a lack of a high throughput screening assay. Recently, a novel CDK10 kinase activity assay has been developed, which will aid in the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting CDK10 activity. Discovery of a small molecular inhibitor for CDK10 would facilitate further exploration of its biological functions and affirm its candidacy as a therapeutic target, specifically for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab A Bazzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia (BC) Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Isabella T Tai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia (BC) Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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40
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Zhang Q, He L, Jiang Q, Zhu H, Kong D, Zhang H, Cheng Z, Deng H, Zheng Y, Ying X. Systems Pharmacology-Based Dissection of Anti-Cancer Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Herb Saussurea involucrata. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:678203. [PMID: 34248628 PMCID: PMC8267469 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.678203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has the highest mortality in humans worldwide, and the development of effective drugs remains a key issue. Traditional Chinese medicine Saussurea involucrata (SI) exhibits a series of effects, such as anti-cancer, but the action mechanisms are still unclear. Here, systems pharmacology was applied to reveal its anti-cancer mechanism. First, we screened the active compounds of SI. Then, the compound–target network, target–disease network, and target–pathway network were constructed. DAVID was applied for GOBP analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on cancer-related targets. Seven potential compounds and 187 targets were identified. The target–disease classification network showed that compounds mainly regulated proteins related to cancer, nervous system diseases, and cardiovascular system diseases. Also, SI anti-tumor effect mainly associated with the regulation of NO production, angiogenesis, MAPK, and PKB from GOBP enrichment. Additionally, KEGG pathway enrichment indicated that targets involved in anti-inflammatory action, inhibiting angiogenesis and anti-proliferation or inducing apoptosis. Experimental validation showed that four active compounds could inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in A549 (except for kaempferol), PC-3, and C6 cells. This study not only provides experimental evidence for further research on SI in cancer treatment but also promotes the development of potential drugs of SI in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lanyu He
- School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qingqing Jiang
- School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongqing Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutial Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Specific Structure of Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehua Kong
- School of Pharmaceutial Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Specific Structure of Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hongtao Deng
- School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yaxin Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutial Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Specific Structure of Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Ying
- School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China.,School of Pharmaceutial Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Specific Structure of Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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41
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Gastroprotective Effects of Polyphenols against Various Gastro-Intestinal Disorders: A Mini-Review with Special Focus on Clinical Evidence. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072090. [PMID: 33917379 PMCID: PMC8038706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are classified as an organic chemical with phenolic units that display an array of biological functions. However, polyphenols have very low bioavailability and stability, which make polyphenols a less bioactive compound. Many researchers have indicated that several factors might affect the efficiency and the metabolism (biotransformation) of various polyphenols, which include the gut microbiota, structure, and physical properties as well as its interactions with other dietary nutrients (macromolecules). Hence, this mini-review covers the two-way interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota (interplay) and how polyphenols are metabolized (biotransformation) to produce various polyphenolic metabolites. Moreover, the protective effects of numerous polyphenols and their metabolites against various gastrointestinal disorders/diseases including gastritis, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) like ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) like celiac disease (CED) are discussed. For this review, the authors chose only a few popular polyphenols (green tea polyphenol, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin), and a discussion of their proposed mechanism underpinning the gastroprotection was elaborated with a special focus on clinical evidence. Overall, this contribution would help the general population and science community to identify a potent polyphenol with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, prebiotic, and immunomodulatory properties to combat various gut-related diseases or disorders (complementary therapy) along with modified lifestyle pattern and standard gastroprotective drugs. However, the data from clinical trials are much limited and hence many large-scale clinical trials should be performed (with different form/metabolites and dose) to confirm the gastroprotective activity of the above-mentioned polyphenols and their metabolites before recommendation.
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Coexpressed Genes That Promote the Infiltration of M2 Macrophages in Melanoma Can Evaluate the Prognosis and Immunotherapy Outcome. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6664791. [PMID: 33748290 PMCID: PMC7959968 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6664791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To improve immunotherapy efficacy for melanoma, a coexpression network and key genes of M2 macrophages in melanoma were explored. A prognostic risk assessment model was established for M2-related coexpressed genes, and the role of M2 macrophages in the immune microenvironment of melanoma was elucidated. Method We obtained mRNA data from melanoma and peritumor tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas-skin cutaneous melanoma (TCGA-SKCM). Then, we used CIBERSORT to calculate the proportion of M2 macrophage cells. A coexpression module most related to M2 macrophages in TCGA-SKCM was determined by analyzing the weighted gene coexpression network, and a coexpression network was established. After survival analysis, factors with significant results were incorporated into a Cox regression analysis to establish a model. The model's essential genes were analyzed using functional enrichment, GSEA, and subgroup and total carcinoma. Finally, external datasets GSE65904 and GSE78220 were used to verify the prognostic risk model. Results The yellow-green module was the coexpression module most related to M2 macrophages in TCGA-SKCM; NOTCH3, DBN1, KDELC2, and STAB1 were identified as the essential genes that promoted the infiltration of M2 macrophages in melanoma. These genes are concentrated in antigen treatment and presentation, chemokine, cytokine, the T cell receptor pathway, and the IFN-γ pathway. These factors were analyzed for survival, and factors with significant results were included in a Cox regression analysis. According to the methods, a model related to M2-TAM coexpressed gene was established, and the formula was risk score = 0.25∗NOTCH3 + 0.008∗ DBN1 − 0.031∗KDELC2 − 0.032∗STAB1. The new model was used to perform subgroup evaluation and external queue validation. The results showed good prognostic ability. Conclusion We proposed a Cox proportional hazards regression model associated with coexpression genes of melanoma M2 macrophages that may provide a measurement method for generating prognosis scores in patients with melanoma. Four genes coexpressed with M2 macrophages were associated with high levels of infiltration of M2 macrophages. Our findings may provide significant candidate biomarkers for the treatment and monitoring of melanoma.
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Lee Y, Lee J, Lim C. Anticancer activity of flavonoids accompanied by redox state modulation and the potential for a chemotherapeutic strategy. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:321-340. [PMID: 33868744 PMCID: PMC8017064 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since researchers began studying the mechanism of flavonoids' anticancer activity, little attention has been focused on the modulation of redox state in cells as a potential chemotherapeutic strategy. However, recent studies have begun identifying that the anticancer effect of flavonoids occurs both in their antioxidative activity which scavenges ROS and their prooxidative activity which generates ROS. Against this backdrop, this study attempts to achieve a comprehensive analysis of the individual and separate study findings regarding flavonoids' modulation of redox state in cancer cells. It focuses on the mechanism behind the anticancer effect, and mostly on the modulation of redox potential by flavonoids such as quercetin, hesperetin, apigenin, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), luteolin and kaempferol in both in vitro and animal models. In addition, the clinical applications of and bioavailability of flavonoids were reviewed to help build a treatment strategy based on flavonoids' prooxidative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkyu Lee
- Foood and Nutrition, College of Science and Engineering, Dongseo University, Jurae-ro 47, Sasang-Gu, Busan, 47011 Korea
| | - Jehyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Daesingongwon-ro 32, Seo-Gu, Busan, 49201 Korea
| | - Changbaek Lim
- Central Research & Development Center, Daewoo Pharmaceutical Co, LTD. 153, Dadae-ro, Saha-gu, Busan, 49393 Korea
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Shabbir U, Rubab M, Daliri EBM, Chelliah R, Javed A, Oh DH. Curcumin, Quercetin, Catechins and Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2021; 13:206. [PMID: 33445760 PMCID: PMC7828240 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols (PPs) are the naturally occurring bioactive components in fruits and vegetables, and they are the most abundant antioxidant in the human diet. Studies are suggesting that ingestion of PPs might be helpful to ameliorate metabolic syndromes that may contribute in the prevention of several chronic disorders like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and colon cancer. PPs have structural diversity which impacts their bioavailability as they accumulate in the large intestine and are extensively metabolized through gut microbiota (GM). Intestinal microbiota transforms PPs into their metabolites to make them bioactive. Interestingly, not only GM act on PPs to metabolize them but PPs also modulate the composition of GM. Thus, change in GM from pathogenic to beneficial ones may be helpful to ameliorate gut health and associated diseases. However, to overcome the low bioavailability of PPs, various approaches have been developed to improve their solubility and transportation through the gut. In this review, we present evidence supporting the structural changes that occur after metabolic reactions in PPs (curcumin, quercetin, and catechins) and their effect on GM composition that leads to improving overall gut health and helping to ameliorate metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Shabbir
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (U.S.); (M.R.); (E.B.-M.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Momna Rubab
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (U.S.); (M.R.); (E.B.-M.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (U.S.); (M.R.); (E.B.-M.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (U.S.); (M.R.); (E.B.-M.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Ahsan Javed
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (U.S.); (M.R.); (E.B.-M.D.); (R.C.)
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Wang W, Ning J, He Y, Zhai L, Xiang F, Yao L, Ye L, Wu L, Ji T, Tang Z. Unveiling the mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers based on network pharmacology. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang J, Duan D, Song ZL, Liu T, Hou Y, Fang J. Small molecules regulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis for cancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:342-394. [PMID: 32981100 DOI: 10.1002/med.21734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense systems have been recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Compared with normal cells, cancer cells exhibit increased ROS to maintain their malignant phenotypes and are more dependent on the "redox adaptation" mechanism. Thus, there are two apparently contradictory but virtually complementary therapeutic strategies for the regulation of ROS to prevent or treat cancer. The first strategy, that is, chemoprevention, is to prevent or reduce intracellular ROS either by suppressing ROS production pathways or by employing antioxidants to enhance ROS clearance, which protects normal cells from malignant transformation and inhibits the early stage of tumorigenesis. The second strategy is the ROS-mediated anticancer therapy, which stimulates intracellular ROS to a toxicity threshold to activate ROS-induced cell death pathways. Therefore, targeting the regulation of intracellular ROS-related pathways by small-molecule candidates is considered to be a promising treatment for tumors. We herein first briefly introduce the source and regulation of ROS, and then focus on small molecules that regulate ROS-related pathways and show efficacy in cancer therapy from the perspective of pharmacophores. Finally, we discuss several challenges in developing cancer therapeutic agents based on ROS regulation and propose the direction of future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongzhu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Zi-Long Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Systematic Elucidation of the Mechanism of Quercetin against Gastric Cancer via Network Pharmacology Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3860213. [PMID: 32964029 PMCID: PMC7486643 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3860213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at elucidating the potential mechanisms of quercetin in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). A network pharmacology approach was used to analyze the targets and pathways of quercetin in treating GC. The predicted targets of quercetin against GC were obtained through database mining, and the correlation of these targets with GC was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Next, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and overall survival (OS) analysis of hub targets was performed using the Kaplan–Meier Plotter online tool. Finally, the mechanism was further analyzed via molecular docking of quercetin with the hub targets. Thirty-six quercetin-related genes were identified, 15 of which overlapped with GC-related targets. These targets were further mapped to 319 GO biological process terms and 10 remarkable pathways. In the PPI network analysis, six hub targets were identified, including AKT1, EGFR, SRC, IGF1R, PTK2, and KDR. The high expression of these targets was related to poor OS in GC patients. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that quercetin can bind to these hub targets. In conclusion, this study provided a novel approach to reveal the therapeutic mechanisms of quercetin on GC, which will ease the future clinical application of quercetin in the treatment of GC.
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Yang S, Chen B, Zhang B, Li C, Qiu Y, Yang H, Huang Z. miR‑204‑5p promotes apoptosis and inhibits migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting HER‑2. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2645-2654. [PMID: 32945425 PMCID: PMC7453524 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, with a high incidence and mortality rate. MicroRNAs (miRs) play an important role in tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and metastasis of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of miR‑204‑5p in gastric cancer. The mRNA expression levels of miR‑204‑5p in gastric cancer were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation was determined using Cell Counting Kit‑8 and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect the cell apoptosis rate. Wound healing and Transwell assays were carried out to determine the cell migration and invasion rates, respectively. A putative binding site of miR‑204‑5p in the 3' untranslated region of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER‑2) was predicted using a bioinformatics algorithm and confirmed using a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. miR‑204‑5p levels were downregulated in gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of miR‑204‑5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation and decreased cell colony formation. Additionally, miR‑204‑5p decreased the migration and invasion rates of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, an increased apoptotic rate was detected following overexpression of miR‑204‑5p, along with increased expression levels of Bax and decreased expression levels of Bcl‑2. HER‑2 was a direct target of miR‑204‑5p, and inhibition of HER‑2 acted as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoting cell apoptosis, which was reversed by the inhibition of miR‑204‑5p expression. These results suggested that miR‑204‑5p could exert its anti‑tumor function by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoting cell apoptosis via regulation of HER‑2, which may be a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Binni Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Baogen Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Caiping Li
- Department of Endoscopy Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Yuena Qiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Hanhui Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxin Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
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Salehi B, Machin L, Monzote L, Sharifi-Rad J, Ezzat SM, Salem MA, Merghany RM, El Mahdy NM, Kılıç CS, Sytar O, Sharifi-Rad M, Sharopov F, Martins N, Martorell M, Cho WC. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin: New Insights and Perspectives for Human Health. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11849-11872. [PMID: 32478277 PMCID: PMC7254783 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (Que) and its derivatives are naturally occurring phytochemicals with promising bioactive effects. The antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-Alzheimer's, antiarthritic, cardiovascular, and wound-healing effects of Que have been extensively investigated, as well as its anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines has been recently reported. Que and its derivatives are found predominantly in the Western diet, and people might benefit from their protective effect just by taking them via diets or as a food supplement. Bioavailability-related drug-delivery systems of Que have also been markedly exploited, and Que nanoparticles appear as a promising platform to enhance their bioavailability. The present review aims to provide a brief overview of the therapeutic effects, new insights, and upcoming perspectives of Que.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student
Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Laura Machin
- Institute
of Pharmacy and Food, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Parasitology
Department, Institute of Medicine Tropical
Pedro Kourí, Havana, Cuba
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry
Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - Shahira M. Ezzat
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, Kasr El-Aini
Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October
University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October 12566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Salem
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia
University, Gamal Abd
El Nasr st., Shibin Elkom, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Rana M. Merghany
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Nihal M. El Mahdy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October 12566, Egypt
| | - Ceyda Sibel Kılıç
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Department of Plant Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str., 64, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak
University of Agriculture, Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, Nitra 94976, Slovak Republic
| | - Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department
of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University
of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Institute
for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy,
and Centre
for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad
de Desarrollo Tecnológico,
UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - William C. Cho
- Department
of Clinical Oncology, Queen
Elizabeth Hospital, 30
Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong
Kong
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50
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Flavonoids as Anticancer Agents. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020457. [PMID: 32059369 PMCID: PMC7071196 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds subdivided into 6 groups: isoflavonoids, flavanones, flavanols, flavonols, flavones and anthocyanidins found in a variety of plants. Fruits, vegetables, plant-derived beverages such as green tea, wine and cocoa-based products are the main dietary sources of flavonoids. Flavonoids have been shown to possess a wide variety of anticancer effects: they modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme activities, participate in arresting the cell cycle, induce apoptosis, autophagy, and suppress cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness. Flavonoids have dual action regarding ROS homeostasis—they act as antioxidants under normal conditions and are potent pro-oxidants in cancer cells triggering the apoptotic pathways and downregulating pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. This article reviews the biochemical properties and bioavailability of flavonoids, their anticancer activity and its mechanisms of action.
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