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Londhe S, Tripathy S, Saha S, Patel A, Chandra Y, Patra CR. Therapeutic Potential of Silver Nitroprusside Nanoparticles for Melanoma. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5057-5075. [PMID: 39115261 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma has gained considerable attention due to its high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. The currently available treatment options are associated with several limitations such as nonspecificity, drug resistance, easy clearance, low efficacy, toxicity-related issues, etc. To this end, nanotechnology has garnered significant attention for the treatment of melanoma. In the present manuscript, we have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of silver nitroprusside nanoparticles (abbreviated as AgNNPs) against melanoma. The AgNNPs exhibit cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells, which has been investigated by several in vitro experiments including [methyl 3H]-thymidine incorporation assay, cell cycle and apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry, and ROS generation through DCFDA, DHE, and DAF2A reagents. Further, the internalization of nanoparticles was determined by ICPOES analysis, while their colocalization was analyzed by confocal microscopy. Additionally, JC-1 staining is performed to examine mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Cytoskeleton integrity was observed by phalloidin staining. Expression of different markers (Ki-67, cytochrome c, and E-cadherin) was checked using an immunofluorescence assay. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of AgNNPs has been validated in the melanoma model established by inoculating B16F10 cells into the dorsal right abdomen of C57BL/6J mice. The intraperitoneal administration of AgNNPs reduced melanoma growth and increased the survivability of tumor-bearing mice. The in vivo immunofluorescence studies (Ki-67, CD31, and E-cadherin) and TUNEL assay support the inhibitory and apoptotic nature of AgNNPs toward melanoma, respectively. Furthermore, the various signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in anticancer activity are evaluated by Western blot analysis. These findings altogether demonstrate the promising anticancer potential of AgNNPs toward melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnali Londhe
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Gaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Sanchita Tripathy
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Gaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Gaziabad 201002, U.P., India
| | - Arti Patel
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Yogesh Chandra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Chitta Ranjan Patra
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana State, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Gaziabad 201002, U.P., India
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Morais M, Machado V, Figueiredo P, Dias F, Craveiro R, Lencart J, Palmeira C, Mikkonen KS, Teixeira AL, Medeiros R. Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) as Enhancers of Everolimus and Radiotherapy Sensitivity on Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2051. [PMID: 38136171 PMCID: PMC10741111 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine's advent has promised to revolutionize different biomedical fields, including oncology. Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) showed promising results in different tumor models. Clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is especially challenging due to its late diagnosis, poor prognosis and treatment resistance. Therefore, defining new therapeutic targets and regimens could improve patient management. This study intends to evaluate AgNPs' effect in ccRCC cells and explore their potential combinatory effect with Everolimus and Radiotherapy. AgNPs were synthesized, and their effect was evaluated regarding their entering pathway, cellular proliferation capacity, ROS production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assessment. AgNPs were combined with Everolimus or used to sensitize cells to radiotherapy. AgNPs are cytotoxic to 786-O cells, a ccRCC cell line, entering through endocytosis, increasing ROS, depolarizing mitochondrial membrane, and blocking the cell cycle, leading to a reduction of proliferation capacity and apoptosis. Combined with Everolimus, AgNPs reduce cell viability and inhibit proliferation capacity. Moreover, 786-O is intrinsically resistant to radiation, but after AgNPs' administration, radiation induces cytotoxicity through mitochondrial membrane depolarization and S phase blockage. These results demonstrate AgNPs' cytotoxic potential against ccRCC and seem promising regarding the combination with Everolimus and sensitization to radiotherapy, which can, in the future, benefit ccRCC patients' management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Research Center-LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (V.M.); (F.D.); (R.M.)
- ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Machado
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Research Center-LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (V.M.); (F.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Patrícia Figueiredo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.F.); (K.S.M.)
| | - Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Research Center-LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (V.M.); (F.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Rogéria Craveiro
- Radiobiology and Radiological Protection Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Joana Lencart
- Radiobiology and Radiological Protection Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.L.)
- Department of Medical Physics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Department of Immunology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Research Center-LAB2, E Bdg 1st floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Kirsi S. Mikkonen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.F.); (K.S.M.)
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ana Luísa Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Research Center-LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (V.M.); (F.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Research Center-LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (V.M.); (F.D.); (R.M.)
- ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Reasearch Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department, LPCC-Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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