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Fan Q, Li R, Wei H, Xue W, Li X, Xia Z, Zhao L, Qiu Y, Cui D. Research Progress of Pyroptosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7130. [PMID: 39000237 PMCID: PMC11241146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis, known as one typical mode of programmed cell death, is generally characterized by the cleaved gasdermin family (GSDMs) forming pores in the cell membrane and inducing cell rupture, and the activation of aspartate-specific proteases (caspases) has also been found during this process. Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is caused by the complication of diabetes in the kidney, and the most important kidney's function, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), happens to drop to less than 90% of its usual and even lead to kidney failure in severe cases. The persistent inflammatory state induced by high blood glucose implies the key pathology of DKD, and growing evidence shows that pyroptosis serves as a significant contributor to this chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder. Currently, the expanded discovery of GSDMs, pyroptosis, and its association with innate immunity has been more attractive, and overwhelming research is needed to sort out the implication of pyroptosis in DKD pathology. In this review, we comb both classical studies and newly founds on pyroptosis, prick off the novel awakening of pyroptosis in DKD, and center on the significance of pyroptosis in DKD treatment, aiming to provide new research targets and treatment strategies on DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Rongxuan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Huiting Wei
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Weiyue Xue
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ziyao Xia
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
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Shadab A, Abbasi-Kolli M, Saharkhiz M, Ahadi SH, Shokouhi B, Nahand JS. The interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic implications and animal model studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116673. [PMID: 38713947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder that impacts the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a multiprotein complex of the innate immune system, serves an essential role in the pathogenesis of MS by regulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β & IL-18) and the induction of pyroptotic cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the main potential factors that can trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lead to inflammation and axonal damage in MS. This highlights the importance of understanding how mitochondrial dynamics modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activity and contribute to the inflammatory and neurodegenerative features of MS. The lack of a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of MS and the urge for the introduction of new therapeutic strategies led us to review the therapeutic potential of targeting the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and the NLRP3 inflammasome in MS. This paper also evaluates the natural and synthetic compounds that can improve mitochondrial function and/or inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby providing neuroprotection. Moreover, it summarizes the evidence from animal models of MS that demonstrate the beneficial effects of these compounds on reducing inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Finally, this review advocates for a deeper investigation into the molecular crosstalk between mitochondrial dynamics and the NLRP3 inflammasome as a means to refine therapeutic targets for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shadab
- Deputy of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Deputy of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoore Saharkhiz
- Department of immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Cellular and molecular research center, Birjand University of medical sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Behrooz Shokouhi
- Pathology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Ning Y, Gu Q, Zheng T, Xu Y, Li S, Zhu Y, Hu B, Yu H, Liu X, Zhang Y, Jiao B, Lu X. Genome Mining Leads to Diverse Sesquiterpenes with Anti-inflammatory Activity from an Arctic-Derived Fungus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1426-1440. [PMID: 38690764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
With the advancement of bioinformatics, the integration of genome mining with efficient separation technology enables the discovery of a greater number of novel bioactive compounds. The deletion of the key gene responsible for triterpene cyclase biosynthesis in the polar strain Eutypella sp. D-1 instigated metabolic shunting, resulting in the activation of dormant genes and the subsequent production of detectable, new compounds. Fifteen sesquiterpenes were isolated from the mutant strain, with eight being new compounds. The structural elucidation of these compounds was obtained through a combination of HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy, and ECD calculations, revealing six distinct skeleton types. Compound 7 possessed a unique skeleton of 5/10 macrocyclic ether structure. Based on the gene functions and newly acquired secondary metabolites, the metabolic shunting pathway in the mutant strain was inferred. Compounds 6, 8, 11, 14, and 15 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects without cytotoxicity through the release of nitric oxide from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Notably, acorane-type sesquiterpene 8 inhibited nitric oxide production and modulated the MAPK and NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathways. Compound 8 also alleviated the CuSO4-induced systemic neurological inflammation symptoms in a transgenic fluorescent zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Ning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinwufeng Gu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Te Zheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Zhu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Experimental Teacher Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Marine Biomedicine and Polar Medicine, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Haobing Yu
- Department of Marine Biomedicine and Polar Medicine, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Marine Biomedicine and Polar Medicine, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghua Jiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Rezaee A, Rahmanian P, Nemati A, Sohrabifard F, Karimi F, Elahinia A, Ranjbarpazuki A, Lashkarbolouki R, Dezfulian S, Zandieh MA, Salimimoghadam S, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K. NF-ĸB axis in diabetic neuropathy, cardiomyopathy and nephropathy: A roadmap from molecular intervention to therapeutic strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29871. [PMID: 38707342 PMCID: PMC11066643 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic illness defined by elevated blood glucose levels, mediating various tissue alterations, including the dysfunction of vital organs. Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to many consequences that specifically affect the brain, heart, and kidneys. These issues are known as neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, and nephropathy, respectively. Inflammation is acknowledged as a pivotal biological mechanism that contributes to the development of various diabetes consequences. NF-κB modulates inflammation and the immune system at the cellular level. Its abnormal regulation has been identified in several clinical situations, including cancer, inflammatory bowel illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The purpose of this review is to evaluate the potential impact of NF-κB on complications associated with DM. Enhanced NF-κB activity promotes inflammation, resulting in cellular harm and compromised organ performance. Phytochemicals, which are therapeutic molecules, can potentially decline the NF-κB level, therefore alleviating inflammation and the progression of problems correlated with DM. More importantly, the regulation of NF-κB can be influenced by various factors, such as TLR4 in DM. Highlighting these factors can facilitate the development of novel therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Rahmanian
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Nemati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farima Sohrabifard
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Elahinia
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ranjbarpazuki
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rozhin Lashkarbolouki
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Dezfulian
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Moustafa EM, Moawed FSM, Elmaghraby DF. Luteolin/ZnO nanoparticles attenuate neuroinflammation associated with diabetes via regulating MicroRNA-124 by targeting C/EBPA. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2691-2704. [PMID: 37483155 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most prevalent brain-specific microRNA, MicroRNA-124, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. Luteolin nano-formulation with Zn oxide in the form of L/ZnO NPs may boost anti-diabetic properties; however, its beneficial effect on miRNAs is yet unknown in diabetes. The effectiveness of L/ZnONPs supplements in preventing diabetic neurodegeneration by modulating inflammatory responses in a diabetic model was investigated. METHODS A diabetic rat model was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg I.P.). Plasma glucose, insulin, and HOMR-IR levels, as well as cytokines, lipid peroxidation, GSH/GSSG, and glucose transporter 1, were determined along with the tight junction proteins occludin (OCLN) and zona occludens 1 (ZO-1). Moreover, the expressions of brain CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPA mRNA), miR-124, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and NF-kBp65 were measured alongside the histological investigation. RESULTS The results revealed that L/ZnO NPs were able to diminish lipid peroxidation, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduce inflammation under oxidative stress. Consequently, it was able to reduce hyperglycemia, elevate insulin levels, and improve insulin resistance. Besides, L/ZnO NPs upregulate miR-124, reduce C/EBPA mRNA, increase BCl-2, and inhibit apoptosis. The results indicate that diabetes raises BBB permeability via tight junction protein decline, which is restored following L/ZnO NPs treatment. Luteolin/ZnO NPs regulate miR-124 and microglia polarization by targeting C/EBPA and are expected to alleviate inflammatory injury via modulation of the redox-sensitive signal transduction pathways. Luteolin/ZnO NPs have a novel target for the protection of the BBB and the prevention of neurological complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas M Moustafa
- Radiation Biology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina F Elmaghraby
- Health radiation research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Duan J, Zhao Y, Pei F, Deng W, He L, Rao C, Zhai Y, Zhang C. Swietenine inhibited oxidative stress through AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathways and the liver-protective effect in T2DM mice: In vivo and in vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1292-1304. [PMID: 36880193 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Swietenia macrophylla King, belongs to the Meliaceae family, is a valuable medicinal plant and its fruits have been processed commercially to a variety of health foods. The seeds have long been known for their ethnomedicinal significance against these diseases. Swietenine (Swi) was isolated from S. macrophylla and could ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, HepG2 cells induced by H2 O2 were used to construct oxidative stress model in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Swi on H2 O2 induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells and its molecular mechanism, and to explore the effect of Swi on liver injury in db/db mice and its possible mechanism. The results showed that Swi significantly inhibited HepG2 cells viability and reduced oxidative damage in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis and immunoblotting study. Moreover, it induced the protein and mRNA expression of HO-1 together with its upstream mediator Nrf2 and activated the phosphorylation of AKT in HepG2 cells. LY294002, a PI3K/AKT inhibitor, significantly suppressed the Nrf2 nuclear translocation and HO-1 expression in H2 O2 induced HepG2 cells treated with Swi. In addition, RNA interference with Nrf2 significantly reduced the expression level of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the nucleus. Swi has a significant protective effect on cell damage in H2 O2 induced HepG2 cells by increasing the antioxidant capacity which is achieved through the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Additionally, in vivo, Swi could protect the liver of type 2 diabetic mice by improving lipid deposition in liver tissue and inhibiting oxidative stress. These findings indicated that Swi can be a promising dietary agent to improve type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangqi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilong Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang He
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengdian Rao
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Sui Z, Wang M, Liu P. Natural products in attenuating renal inflammation via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic kidney disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196016. [PMID: 37215100 PMCID: PMC10196020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent and severe complications of diabetes and serves as the primary cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) globally. Increasing evidence indicates that renal inflammation is critical in the pathogenesis of DKD. The nucleotide - binding oligomerization domain (NOD) - like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the most extensively researched inflammasome complex and is considered a crucial regulator in the pathogenesis of DKD. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated by various signaling pathways, including NF- κB, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), and non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), among others. Natural products are chemicals extracted from living organisms in nature, and they typically possess pharmacological and biological activities. They are invaluable sources for drug design and development. Research has demonstrated that many natural products can alleviate DKD by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this review, we highlight the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in DKD, and the pathways by which natural products fight against DKD via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, so as to provide novel insights for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhun Sui
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Beijing, China
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Chu C, Liu S, Ding J, Xu P, Wang J, Hu L, Mao Z, Li K, Yu Y, Yu Y, Qian W, Chen F. Swietenine Alleviates Vascular Remodelling by Enhancing Mitophagy of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:646-659. [PMID: 36641049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular remodelling during pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by the phenotypic transformation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Swietenine (Swi), extracted from the seeds of traditional medicine Swietenia mahagoni, has been used to treat cardiac remodelling, but the effect of Swi on PH is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Swi on hypoxia-induced phenotypic transformation of PASMCs in experimental PH. METHODS In our research, C57BL/6 mice were treated with SU5416 and exposed to hypoxia for 4 weeks to establish HySu-PH model. Mice in the Swi treatment group were subjected to HySu with daily administration of Swi. Hemodynamic parameters, echocardiography, and degree of vascular muscularization were measured to evaluate the PH model. Proliferation of PASMC was assessed by Ki67 and EdU assay. Cell migration was detected by wound-healing assay. Mitophagy levels were evaluated by mito-tracker and lyso-tracker, autophagic flux, and protein expression of Pink1 and Lc3Ⅱ. The molecular docking was used to validate the interaction of Swi with Nrf2. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining was applied to determine the subcellular localization of Nrf2. RESULTS The results showed that Swi attenuated hypoxia-induced increase of right ventricle systolic pressure, Fulton index, and vascular remodelling and decreased PASMC proliferation, migration, and enhanced mitophagy. Furthermore, the interaction of Swi with Nrf2 promoted the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, resulting in the induction of Pink1. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that Swi prevents vascular remodelling in experimental PH through inhibition of phenotypic transformation and hyperproliferation of PASMCs caused by reversing hypoxia-induced inhibition of mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shoubai Liu
- Department of Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Omamental Plants, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Jingjing Ding
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhensheng Mao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfang Yu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youjia Yu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weichun Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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